Suitable Climate and Soil Condition For Bottle Gourd

26/10/2018Posted on

Suitable Climate and Soil Condition For Bottle Gourd:-

Climate-

  • Bottle gourd is a subtropical vegetable and requires hot and humid climatic condition for its fast growth and higher yield.
  • Slight wet to semi dry ecological condition is suitable for this crop.
  • Night and day temperature of 18-22°C and 30-35°C respectively is optimum for its proper growth and high fruit set.
  • The seed germination is fast at the temperature range of 25-30°C.
  • The crop grown at optimum temperature has higher proportion of female flower and fruit/plant.

Soil-

  • Bottle gourd can be grown on all types of the soil if it is not too much acidic or saline and alkaline.
  • Loam or sandy loam soil is most suitable for bottle guards.
  • The soil should be rich in organic matter and with good drainage.

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“Neemastra” A Bio-Insecticides

25/10/2018Posted on

Neemastra- It is a very effective biological insecticide, which is used for controlling the sucking pest and caterpillar.

Method-

First, put 5 kg of neem leaves and 5 kg of neem fruit in a plastic basket, and add 5 litres cow urine and 1 kg cow dung. Mix well all these ingredients with wooden stick and keep them covered with net. This solution will be ready after 48 hours. After this, add 100 litres water in neemastra and it can be used as insecticide.

Advantage-

  • No harmful for humans, environments and crops.
  • Improvement of the structure of the land due to its biological decomposition.
  • It’s effected on harmful insects and safe for beneficial insects.
  • It is a good and cheap solution for the farmers.
  • Use of biological pesticides will not developed to tolerance and resistance in pests / diseases, while the use of many chemical insecticides is creating resistance in insects, due to which their use is becoming unusable.

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Happy Dussehara

19/10/2018Posted on

Happy Dussehara :-

Dasha hara is a Sanskrit word which means removal of ten bad qualities within you: Ego, Cruelty, Injustice, Lust, Anger, Greed, Over pride, Jealousy, Addiction, Selfishness Hence, also Known as “Vijaydashami”  signifying Vijaya over these ten bad qualities.

Happy Dussehara from Gramophone Team.

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Happy Navratri

10/10/2018Posted on

May Goddess Durga illuminate your life with countless blessings|

Happy Navratri From Gramophone Team.

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Caring of Dairy Cow after Calving

09/10/2018Posted on

Caring of Dairy Cow after Calving:-

After calving is a critical period for dairy cows!

There is high demand of energy and nutrients on the body of the animal to synthesize colostrum and milk. At the same time there is decrease in feed intake which leads to negative energy balance (NEB) and micro-nutrient deficiencies.

Therefore, just after calving it’s important to take good care of cows for better health, milk production and reproduction. Some key points to take care of fresh cows are:

  • Monitor cows frequently to make sure that they are free from metabolic diseases like milk fever and ketosis.

(Some signs of Milk fever are tremors, ear twitching, dullness, dry muzzle, low body temperature and recumbency, bloat and loss of consciousness.)

(Sweet smelling breath and urine, fever, weight loss etc. indicate towards ketosis)

  • Do not house fresh cows with sick cows
  • Maintain a clean environment to prevent mastitis (fresh cows are prone to mastitis)
  • Minimize stress to the cows. Keep them sheltered from extreme heat/cold and rains. Also keep the other animals like dog/cat/any other aggressive animal away from the fresh cow.
  • Provide constant amount of fresh feed with appropriate feed additives/supplements to provide nutrients and encourage feed intake.
  • Also, it’s important to ensure that they are consuming the feed, not sorting, and chewing their cud.

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Control of Blight and Foot Rot in Pea Crop

05/10/2018Posted on

Control of Blight and Foot Rot in Pea Crop:-

Symptoms:-

  • Small, purple spots appear on leaves which may enlarge, turn brown and become zonate with a definite margin.
  • Similar lesions also appear on the stem which elongate and coalesce causing browning or blackening of stem.
  • On the pods, lesions are tan or brown in colour and irregular having a dark margin.

Control:-

  • Use healthy seeds and treat them with Carbendazim+Mancozeb @ 250 Gm/ quintals seed before sowing.  
  • Spray infected crop with Mancozeb 75% @ 400 gm/Acre at flowering and afterwards at 10-15 days intervals .  
  • Remove diseased plants and destroy them.  
  • Maintain proper drainage.

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Nutrient Management in Wheat

02/10/2018Posted on

Nutrient Management in Wheat:- Nutrients play an important role in the wheat production. Well rotted farmyard manure (FYM) or compost should be applied at the rate of 15 to 20 tons/ha. after every two years. The FYM and compost will keep the soil physical properties in good condition-

  • Apply well rotten FYM compost 15-20 ton per hac.in every 2 year interval.
  • Use 88 kg Urea, 160 Kg SSP and 40 kg MOP per Acre.
  • Apply urea in below three doses.
  1. 44 kg quantity during seed sowing.
  2. 22 kg during the first irrigation.
  3. Remain 22 kg dose during second irrigation.
  • If the full quantity of phosphorus is added in Kharif season, then add half the amount of phosphorus in Rabi.
  • When you have minimum or two irrigation may be used 175:250:35-40 Kg/hac. quantity of Urea, SSP and MOP.
  • Use full quantity of NPK at a time of basal dose on unirregated condition.
  • If wheat sowing are done in mid-December, then 25% of the nitrogen should be reduced.

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Soil Preparation and Sowing Time for Wheat

27/09/2018Posted on

Soil Preparation and Sowing Time for Wheat:-

  • One summer deep ploughing followed by two or three harrowing with disc or tines and two or three planking should be given to prepare a well pulverized seed bed.
  • Suitable time of sowing
  • Dryland:- Mid October to first week of November.
  • Semi Irrigated:- First fortnightly of November.
  • Irrigated :- Second fortnightly of November.
  • Irrigated (Late):- Second fortnightly of December.

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Requirement of Irrigations in Pea

27/09/2018Posted on

Requirement of Irrigations in Pea:-

  • For proper germination, pre sowing irrigation is must if the soils are dry.
  • Normally 2-3 irrigation is needed for mid season peas or late sown peas.
  • Moisture stress at flowering and subsequent pod filling stage is most undesirable affecting the yield and quality of pods.

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Suitable Climate and soil for Cabbage Cultivation

24/09/2018Posted on

Suitable Climate and soil for Cabbage Cultivation:-

  • In India, cabbage is grown in large areas having a cool and moist climate.
  • A temperature range  of 15- 21°C is considered as optimum for growth and head formation of the crop.
  • Cultivation of cabbage is done mainly on sandy to heavy soils rich in organic matter.
  • Early crops prefer light soil while late crops thrive better on heavier soils due to retention of  moisture.
  • On heavy soils, plants grow more slowly and the keeping quality is improved.
  • A pH range of 6.0-6.5 is considered as optimum for growing cabbage.
  • Plants growing in saline soils are prone to diseases.

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