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This is how to diagnose stem fly infestation in soybean crop

03/08/2026 Tuesday August 4th, 2026

The maggot of this insect lives inside the white-coloured stem. The adult insect is shiny black in size of two km.
The female of this pest lays yellow-coloured eggs on the leaves. From which the maggots enter the stem making holes by piercing the leaves’ veins and making the stem hollow.
Due to this, the leaves appear yellow in the initial stage of the plant. Later the whole plant turns yellow
To control stem fly, use Novalaxam (Lambdacylothrin 9.5% + Thiomethaxom 12.9% Z \C) 50 ml per acre or Cover (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC) 60 ml per acre.

Identify and control whitefly infestation in cotton

02/08/2026 Tuesday August 4th, 2026

The nymphs and adults of this insect, sucking the sap of the plant, stop its development. This pest causes great damage to the cotton crop both in the nymphal and adult stage.
The “Honeydew” secreted by this insect helps in the growth of black fungus. In case of severe infestation, the entire cotton crop turns black and leaves appear burnt.
Sometimes, even after the crop is fully developed, due to the infestation of this pest, the leaves of the cotton crop dry up and fall. This insect also plays an important role in the spread of virus-borne leaf curl disease.
Chemical Management: Spray Diphenthiuron 50% WP @ 250 gm/acre or Flonicamid 50% WG @ 60 gm/ acre or Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 100 gm/acre or Pyriproxyfan 10% + Bifenthrin 10% EC @ 250 ml/acre for control of this pest.
Biological Management: To control this pest, spray Bavaria bassiana @ 500 gm/acre.

Jassid problem and control measures in cotton crop

01/08/2026 Tuesday August 4th, 2026

Symptoms of damage

Both nymphs and adults of this Insect damage the crop. This insect stops the growth of plants, by sucking the sap from the stems, leaves and flowers of the plants. Due to which the plants remain weak, small and dwarf and the yield is reduced. and sucking of sap by this insect, the leaves shrink and in case of severe infestation, the plant dies.

Control measures

For the control of this pest, Spray media (Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) @ 50 ml or Thiamethoxam 25% wg @ 40 gm, or Lancer Gold (Acephate 50% + Imidacloprid 1.8% SP) @ 400 gm + (silico max) @ 50ml per acre, @ 150 to 200 liters of water.
For biological control, spray briged B (BEAUVERIA BASSIANA 1.15% WP) @1 kg/acre @ 150-200 liters of water.
Apart from this, farmers should install yellow sticky traps @ 8-10 per acre, in the field to report pest infestation. This will indicate the pest outbreak, on the basis of which the farmers can save the crop from pest infestation by adopting the above mentioned measures.

Uses of the biological insecticide Metarhizium anisopliae

28/02/2026 Friday February 6th, 2026

Metarhizium anisopliae is a fungus-based organic insecticide. It is found freely in the soil and it is commonly found as a parasite in insects.

When the spores of Metarhizium anisopliae come in contact with the target insect, they attach to their covering and Spores germinate when there is proper temperature and humidity. Their germinal tubes enter the insect’s body through the respiratory holes (spiracles), sensory organs and other soft parts.

This fungus increases itself by absorbing the physical food substances of the insect by making a fungal trap in the entire body of the insect. Metarhizium anisopliae produces spores even at less than 50% moisture. Because of this it works in all circumstances.

Metarhizium anisopliae is used for the control of beetles, white grubs, termites, caterpillars, semi-loopers, cutworms, mealybugs and aphids.

Method of use:

For soil application, Metarhizium anisopliae at the rate of 1 kg per acre mixed with about 75 kg of farm yard manure and should be used at the time of last ploughing.
For pest control in standing crops spray 1 kg per acre in 400-500 litres of water.

Causes and diagnosis of fruit cracking in tomato crop

27/02/2026 Friday February 6th, 2026

In tomato crops, fruit cracking is a physical disorder and it usually appears at the time of maturity. In this disorder, the fruits split in two ways, vertical and circular.

Fruit cracking in tomato crops is mainly due to two reasons, the first reason is irregular irrigation in the crop like the land that is dry for a long time and sudden heavy irrigation. And the second reason is the deficiency of a Boron micronutrient in the soil.

Diagnosis of fruit cracking: To avoid this problem, irrigate the crop in a balanced way from time to time. And for the boron nutrient supplements, spray Rich Bor (Boron 20%) @ 1-1.5 gm per litre of water or Rich Boramin-CA (Amino Acid, Boron, Calcium) @ 2-3 ml per litre of water.

Symptoms and control of aphids in watermelon crop

26/02/2026 Friday February 6th, 2026

This pest affects the leaves and shoots, due to which the leaves begin to curl and wither. Plant growth is stunted, as well as black mold develops on the leaves due to the secretion of honeydew from the insect.

Control: As soon as the infestation is noticed to control this pest spray, Novaceta (Acetamiprid 20 % SP) @ 30 gram per acre or Media ( Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) @ 40-50 ml per acre + Nova Maxx (Gibberellic acid 0.001%) @ 300 ml per acre in 150-200 litres of water.

Know the reasons and prevention measure for small fruits dropping in gourd crop

25/02/2026 Friday February 6th, 2026

The farmers cultivating gourds often face the problem of small fruits turning yellow and drying up, and this causes a huge loss in yield.

Causes of small fruit drop:

Fruits start falling due to fungal diseases in plants.
This problem can also occur when there is an outbreak of pests in the crop.
Small gourd fruits start falling even if there is irregular irrigation or lack of irrigation in the crop.
Unbalanced use of fertilizers also results in fruit drop.
Small fruits start falling due to improper pollination.

Initial symptoms of small fruit drop:

In the initial stage, the flowers attached to the small fruits start drying up, and gradually the small fruits start turning yellow and brown in colour. And later the fruits dry up completely and fall off.

Preventions:

Inspect the crop from time to time.
Make proper arrangements for drainage in the field.
Do not use excessive irrigation and fertilizers.
If symptoms of fungal diseases or fruit flies and sucking insects appear, do proper spraying for control.

Symptoms and control measures of sucking pests in brinjal crop

24/02/2026 Friday February 6th, 2026

Mites: They spread webs on the underside of the leaves and suck the sap from the leaves. Due to this, the leaves start appearing red.

Spray Tusk (Malathion 50.00% EC) @ 600 ml/acre or Meothrin (Fenpropathrin 30 % EC) @ 100 – 136 ml per acre mixed in 150 -200 litres of water.

Jassid: These insects suck the sap from the lower surface of the leaves, due to which the leaves turn yellow and become weak.

Spray Solomon (Beta-cyfluthrin 08.49 % + Imidacloprid 19.81 % w/w OD) @ 70 -80 ml per acre or Tafgor (Dimethoate 30 % EC) @ 792 ml per acre in 150 – 200 litres of water.

Whitefly: They suck the sap from the leaves, which results in the leaves becoming shrivel. Apart from this, these insects also work to spread viral diseases from one plant to another.

Spray Pager (Diafenthiuron 50 % WP) @ 240 gm/acre and Areva (Thiamethoxam 25 % WG) @ 80 gm/acre in 150 – 200 litres of water.

Aphid: These insects are small and green in colour, which live on the lower surface of the leaves and sucks the sap, due to which the leaves turn yellow.

Spray, Solomon (Beta-cyfluthrin 08.49 % + Imidacloprid 19.81 % w/w OD) @ 70 -80 ml per acre mixed with 150 to 200 litres of water.

Symptoms and control of powdery mildew disease in watermelon

23/02/2026 Friday February 6th, 2026

The disease causes a white powdery growth on the upper leaves, stems and young growing parts of plants, and as the infection progresses, the entire leaf becomes covered with the fungus. The leaves of infected plants start falling prematurely. If the infection occurs at the fruiting stage, the fruits remain underdeveloped and become malformed.

Control: To control the disease spray, Novacone (Hexaconazole 5% SC) @ 400 ml per acre in 150-200 litres of water as soon as the symptoms appear. Also, take a spray of Nutriful Max (fulvic acid amino acid trace component) @ 250 ml per acre for good flower and fruit development.

Symptoms and prevention of basal rot problem in onions

22/02/2026 Friday February 6th, 2026

In the initial symptoms of the disease, the leaves turn yellow and the growth of the plant stops and later the leaves dry up from the tips downwards. In the early stages of infection, the roots of the plants turn pink and later rot. In advanced stages, the bulb begins to rot from the lower end and eventually, the whole plant dies.

Prevention of Disease: To control it, as soon as the symptoms of the disease appear drench with Dhanucop (Copper oxychloride 50% WP) @ 500 gm per acre in 200 litres of water.

The maggot of this insect lives inside the white-coloured stem. The adult insect is shiny black in size of two km.

The female of this pest lays yellow-coloured eggs on the leaves. From which the maggots enter the stem making holes by piercing the leaves’ veins and making the stem hollow.

Due to this, the leaves appear yellow in the initial stage of the plant. Later the whole plant turns yellow

To control stem fly, use Novalaxam (Lambdacylothrin 9.5% + Thiomethaxom 12.9% Z \C) 50 ml per acre or Cover (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC) 60 ml per acre.

The nymphs and adults of this insect, sucking the sap of the plant, stop its development. This pest causes great damage to the cotton crop both in the nymphal and adult stage.

The “Honeydew” secreted by this insect helps in the growth of black fungus. In case of severe infestation, the entire cotton crop turns black and leaves appear burnt.

Sometimes, even after the crop is fully developed, due to the infestation of this pest, the leaves of the cotton crop dry up and fall. This insect also plays an important role in the spread of virus-borne leaf curl disease.

Chemical Management: Spray Diphenthiuron 50% WP @ 250 gm/acre or Flonicamid 50% WG @ 60 gm/ acre or Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 100 gm/acre or Pyriproxyfan 10% + Bifenthrin 10% EC @ 250 ml/acre for control of this pest.

Biological Management: To control this pest, spray Bavaria bassiana @ 500 gm/acre.

Symptoms of damage

Control measures

For the control of this pest, Spray media (Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) @ 50 ml or Thiamethoxam 25% wg @ 40 gm, or Lancer Gold (Acephate 50% + Imidacloprid 1.8% SP) @ 400 gm + (silico max) @ 50ml per acre, @ 150 to 200 liters of water.

For biological control, spray briged B (BEAUVERIA BASSIANA 1.15% WP) @1 kg/acre @ 150-200 liters of water.

Apart from this, farmers should install yellow sticky traps @ 8-10 per acre, in the field to report pest infestation. This will indicate the pest outbreak, on the basis of which the farmers can save the crop from pest infestation by adopting the above mentioned measures.

Metarhizium anisopliae is a fungus-based organic insecticide. It is found freely in the soil and it is commonly found as a parasite in insects.

This fungus increases itself by absorbing the physical food substances of the insect by making a fungal trap in the entire body of the insect. Metarhizium anisopliae produces spores even at less than 50% moisture. Because of this it works in all circumstances.

Metarhizium anisopliae is used for the control of beetles, white grubs, termites, caterpillars, semi-loopers, cutworms, mealybugs and aphids.

Method of use:

For soil application, Metarhizium anisopliae at the rate of 1 kg per acre mixed with about 75 kg of farm yard manure and should be used at the time of last ploughing.

For pest control in standing crops spray 1 kg per acre in 400-500 litres of water.

In tomato crops, fruit cracking is a physical disorder and it usually appears at the time of maturity. In this disorder, the fruits split in two ways, vertical and circular.

Fruit cracking in tomato crops is mainly due to two reasons, the first reason is irregular irrigation in the crop like the land that is dry for a long time and sudden heavy irrigation. And the second reason is the deficiency of a Boron micronutrient in the soil.

Diagnosis of fruit cracking: To avoid this problem, irrigate the crop in a balanced way from time to time. And for the boron nutrient supplements, spray Rich Bor (Boron 20%) @ 1-1.5 gm per litre of water or Rich Boramin-CA (Amino Acid, Boron, Calcium) @ 2-3 ml per litre of water.

This pest affects the leaves and shoots, due to which the leaves begin to curl and wither. Plant growth is stunted, as well as black mold develops on the leaves due to the secretion of honeydew from the insect.

Control: As soon as the infestation is noticed to control this pest spray, Novaceta (Acetamiprid 20 % SP) @ 30 gram per acre or Media ( Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) @ 40-50 ml per acre + Nova Maxx (Gibberellic acid 0.001%) @ 300 ml per acre in 150-200 litres of water.

The farmers cultivating gourds often face the problem of small fruits turning yellow and drying up, and this causes a huge loss in yield.

Causes of small fruit drop:

Fruits start falling due to fungal diseases in plants.

This problem can also occur when there is an outbreak of pests in the crop.

Small gourd fruits start falling even if there is irregular irrigation or lack of irrigation in the crop.

Unbalanced use of fertilizers also results in fruit drop.

Small fruits start falling due to improper pollination.

Initial symptoms of small fruit drop:

In the initial stage, the flowers attached to the small fruits start drying up, and gradually the small fruits start turning yellow and brown in colour. And later the fruits dry up completely and fall off.

Preventions:

Inspect the crop from time to time.

Make proper arrangements for drainage in the field.

Do not use excessive irrigation and fertilizers.

If symptoms of fungal diseases or fruit flies and sucking insects appear, do proper spraying for control.

Mites: They spread webs on the underside of the leaves and suck the sap from the leaves. Due to this, the leaves start appearing red.

Spray Tusk (Malathion 50.00% EC) @ 600 ml/acre or Meothrin (Fenpropathrin 30 % EC) @ 100 – 136 ml per acre mixed in 150 -200 litres of water.

Jassid: These insects suck the sap from the lower surface of the leaves, due to which the leaves turn yellow and become weak.

Spray Solomon (Beta-cyfluthrin 08.49 % + Imidacloprid 19.81 % w/w OD) @ 70 -80 ml per acre or Tafgor (Dimethoate 30 % EC) @ 792 ml per acre in 150 – 200 litres of water.

Whitefly: They suck the sap from the leaves, which results in the leaves becoming shrivel. Apart from this, these insects also work to spread viral diseases from one plant to another.

Spray Pager (Diafenthiuron 50 % WP) @ 240 gm/acre and Areva (Thiamethoxam 25 % WG) @ 80 gm/acre in 150 – 200 litres of water.

Aphid: These insects are small and green in colour, which live on the lower surface of the leaves and sucks the sap, due to which the leaves turn yellow.

Spray, Solomon (Beta-cyfluthrin 08.49 % + Imidacloprid 19.81 % w/w OD) @ 70 -80 ml per acre mixed with 150 to 200 litres of water.

Control: To control the disease spray, Novacone (Hexaconazole 5% SC) @ 400 ml per acre in 150-200 litres of water as soon as the symptoms appear. Also, take a spray of Nutriful Max (fulvic acid amino acid trace component) @ 250 ml per acre for good flower and fruit development.

Prevention of Disease: To control it, as soon as the symptoms of the disease appear drench with Dhanucop (Copper oxychloride 50% WP) @ 500 gm per acre in 200 litres of water.