April 2025 – Gramophone

Necessary spraying in moong crop at 40 days stage

30/04/2025 Monday May 5th, 2025

Know the benefits of growing summer moong

Now, most of the fields are under cultivation of moong. In the areas where moong was sown early, the crops are now between 40 – 50 days.
This stage of the crop is a major stage in which special care is necessary to increase the quality of grain in beans and to control insect and fungal diseases.
At this time, by adopting the following recommendations, reasonable profit can be earned from the crop.
Spray Novaluran 5.25% + Emamectin Benzoate 0.9% SC [Barazide] 600 ml + Propiconazole [Zerox] 200 ml + 0:00:50 [Gromor] 1 kg/acre.

Identification and Prevention of Downy Mildew in Cucumber

29/04/2025 Monday May 5th, 2025

Downy mildew is a fungal disease that affects a lot of cucumber plants., which can affect the plant at all stages. Due to this disease spots appear on the interveinal surface of the leaves of the plant. and the leaves turn yellow and fall. Plants affected by downy mildew do not grow properly and plants do not bear good fruits.

Control: Downy mildew can be controlled by spraying M-45 (Mancozeb 75% WP) at 400 gm/Acre or Jatayu Chlorothalonil 75% WP at 400 gm/acre mixed in 200 litres of water twice at 10-day intervals.

Identification and prevention of Late Blight disease in Tomato

28/04/2025 Monday May 5th, 2025

Water-soaked black spots develop on leaves and stems. The lesions spread rapidly and the entire leaf dries up. These spots start forming on the edge of the leaves and slowly spots also appear on the stem and fruits, dark brown lesions are formed on the fruits. Due to frequent changes in the weather, and excessive moisture in the fields, this disease spreads rapidly.

Control: If infestation is observed apply Blue Copper (Copper Oxychloride 50% WP) 300 gm/Acre or Novacrust (Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC) 300 ml/Acre or Taqat (Captan 70%+ Hexaconazole 5% WP) 370 g/Acre, Mix in 200 liters of water and spray.

Identification and prevention of early Blight disease in Tomato

27/04/2025 Monday May 5th, 2025

It is the main disease found in tomato cultivation. Initially small, brown isolated spots are observed on leaves. Later spots are seen on stems and also on fruits. Fully developed spots become irregular, dark brown colours with concentric rings inside spots. In severe conditions, defoliation occurred.

Control: If infestation is observed take a spray of Novacrust (Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC) 300 ml/acre or Taqat (Captan 70%+ Hexaconazole 5% WP) 370 gm/acre in 200 litres of water.

Anthracnose disease increasing in tomato, know the prevention measures

26/04/2025 Monday May 5th, 2025

Warm temperatures and high moisture are ideal conditions for the spread of Anthracnose disease. It is characterized by black spots that are formed on infected parts. Spots are usually circular, water-soaked and sunken with black margins. The fruits with many spots drop off prematurely resulting in heavy loss of yield.

Control: To control this Disease spray Taqat (Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP) 370 gm/acre, mixed with 200 litres of water.

Problem and solution of flower and fruit drop in tomato crop

25/04/2025 Monday May 5th, 2025

Tomatoes are a major vegetable. It is used with every vegetable. To get more yield from its crop, it is very important to take proper care of it. If flowers are coming in tomatoes but if they are falling, then it has a direct effect on the production.

Due to low or high temperatures, flowers start falling from the tomato plant, this happens due to high or low temperatures during the day and night. The optimum temperature for tomato plants is 15-27° C. At higher temperatures, the level of lycopene starts falling rapidly and in hot and dry weather, unripe fruits start falling.

Lack of nutrients in the soil also causes problems in the development of plants and the problem of flower drop starts. Spraying chemicals in excess also harms the plant. Watering in excess and in less quantity than required leads to flower drops.

Measures to protect flowers and fruits from falling: –

Plant plants according to the temperature. Protect the plants from exposure to direct sunlight in high temperatures. Keep the crop temperature between 21 to 30 degrees.
Water the plants deeply. So that their roots can get a sufficient amount of water.
Reduce the use of chemical fertilizers at the time of flowering.
Use the appropriate amount of nitrogen and fertilizers.
To improve the quality of its fruits, sprinkle 0.3% borax solution mixed with 15 grams of calcium in 15 litres of water 3 to 4 times on the plants at the time of fruit set.
Keep irrigating the crop at an interval of 10-12 days to avoid frost in winter and heat stroke in summer.
In case of flower drop, take a spray of Planofix 4 ml dissolved in 16 litres of water.

Control of Flea beetles in Moong crop

24/04/2025 Monday May 5th, 2025

Symptom: In 20-35 days of crop stage, flea beetles cut mature leaves and make holes in them. Due to this 30 to 40% of leaves are damaged. In case of infestation, leaves have a sieve-like appearance, along with affecting the growth of the plant, sometimes the plant also dries up. The adult insect is small-bodied, reddish-brown striped and attacks at night. It flies away by mere touch, while the caterpillar of the insect harms the crop by eating the root and stem of the crop.

Control: To control this pest, spray Celquin (Quinalphos 25% EC) 25% w/w mixed with 250 ml/acre in 200 litres of water.

Identification and control of stem and fruit borer in okra crop

23/04/2025 Wednesday April 23rd, 2025

Symptom: The outbreak of this kit is maximum. In the initial stage, its caterpillar makes a hole in the soft stem, due to which the stem and top part of the plant dry up. Due to its attack, flowers fall before. After this, by making a hole in the fruit, it enters inside and eats the pulp. Due to this, the infected fruits get twisted and fruits are not fit for eating, due to which there is a lot of decline in market prices.

Control: To control this pest, spray Lamnova (Lambda-Cyhalothrin 04.90% CS) 120 ml per acre mixed with 200 liters of water or Cover (Chlorantraniliprole 18.50% SC) 50 ml per acre mixed with 200 liters of water.

Causes and control of tomato fruit cracking

23/04/2025 Wednesday April 23rd, 2025

The problem of fruit cracking is increasing in tomato cultivation. This problem is more at the time of ripening of fruits. It is becoming difficult for farmers to get rid of this problem due to a lack of proper knowledge about the cause of fruit cracking and its control. Torn fruits are also not sold in the market. Due to this, the farmers suffer huge losses.

Reasons for cracking tomato fruits

Not irrigating at the right time
Due to lack of boron
Due to changes in temperature
Use of excessive amounts of nitrogen at the time of flowering.
Potash deficiency also causes this problem.

Ways to prevent tomato fruits from cracking

Irrigate at a fixed interval to maintain moisture in the soil.
To compensate for Boron deficiency, apply 3 to 4 kg of Borax per acre in the field.
Reduce the use of urea after flowering in plants. Use water-soluble NPK 19:19:19 fertilizer instead of urea.
Before transplanting the plants, add potash to the main field. This will complete the deficiency of potash in the plants and it will increase immunity.
Use 2 grams of Boron 20% per litre of water mixed with sticker.

Let us know the Benefits of soil Testing

22/04/2025 Wednesday April 23rd, 2025

Sample Collection Method for Soil Testing

By conducting a soil test, along with the nutrients present in the soil, the number of salts can also be obtained.
Nutrients that are deficient can be replenished, crops can be selected according to the nutrients present in the soil and good yields can be obtained, the fertilizer capacity of the soil can be increased.
A soil test gives information about the pH level of the soil.
A soil test gives information about 12 types of nutrients found in the soil, The cost of cultivation can be reduced
A soil test must be done once every 3 years.
Due to this, the right amount of fertilizer or manure to be applied to the crop is decided. Farmers can reduce the additional cost by good management of fertilizers in their crops.

Now, most of the fields are under cultivation of moong. In the areas where moong was sown early, the crops are now between 40 – 50 days.

This stage of the crop is a major stage in which special care is necessary to increase the quality of grain in beans and to control insect and fungal diseases.

At this time, by adopting the following recommendations, reasonable profit can be earned from the crop.

Spray Novaluran 5.25% + Emamectin Benzoate 0.9% SC [Barazide] 600 ml + Propiconazole [Zerox] 200 ml + 0:00:50 [Gromor] 1 kg/acre.

Control: Downy mildew can be controlled by spraying M-45 (Mancozeb 75% WP) at 400 gm/Acre or Jatayu Chlorothalonil 75% WP at 400 gm/acre mixed in 200 litres of water twice at 10-day intervals.

Control: If infestation is observed apply Blue Copper (Copper Oxychloride 50% WP) 300 gm/Acre or Novacrust (Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC) 300 ml/Acre or Taqat (Captan 70%+ Hexaconazole 5% WP) 370 g/Acre, Mix in 200 liters of water and spray.

Control: If infestation is observed take a spray of Novacrust (Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC) 300 ml/acre or Taqat (Captan 70%+ Hexaconazole 5% WP) 370 gm/acre in 200 litres of water.

Control: To control this Disease spray Taqat (Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP) 370 gm/acre, mixed with 200 litres of water.

Tomatoes are a major vegetable. It is used with every vegetable. To get more yield from its crop, it is very important to take proper care of it. If flowers are coming in tomatoes but if they are falling, then it has a direct effect on the production.

Lack of nutrients in the soil also causes problems in the development of plants and the problem of flower drop starts. Spraying chemicals in excess also harms the plant. Watering in excess and in less quantity than required leads to flower drops.

Measures to protect flowers and fruits from falling: –

Plant plants according to the temperature. Protect the plants from exposure to direct sunlight in high temperatures. Keep the crop temperature between 21 to 30 degrees.

Water the plants deeply. So that their roots can get a sufficient amount of water.

Reduce the use of chemical fertilizers at the time of flowering.

Use the appropriate amount of nitrogen and fertilizers.

To improve the quality of its fruits, sprinkle 0.3% borax solution mixed with 15 grams of calcium in 15 litres of water 3 to 4 times on the plants at the time of fruit set.

Keep irrigating the crop at an interval of 10-12 days to avoid frost in winter and heat stroke in summer.

In case of flower drop, take a spray of Planofix 4 ml dissolved in 16 litres of water.

Control: To control this pest, spray Celquin (Quinalphos 25% EC) 25% w/w mixed with 250 ml/acre in 200 litres of water.

Control: To control this pest, spray Lamnova (Lambda-Cyhalothrin 04.90% CS) 120 ml per acre mixed with 200 liters of water or Cover (Chlorantraniliprole 18.50% SC) 50 ml per acre mixed with 200 liters of water.

Reasons for cracking tomato fruits

Not irrigating at the right time

Due to lack of boron

Due to changes in temperature

Use of excessive amounts of nitrogen at the time of flowering.

Potash deficiency also causes this problem.

Ways to prevent tomato fruits from cracking

Irrigate at a fixed interval to maintain moisture in the soil.

To compensate for Boron deficiency, apply 3 to 4 kg of Borax per acre in the field.

Reduce the use of urea after flowering in plants. Use water-soluble NPK 19:19:19 fertilizer instead of urea.

Before transplanting the plants, add potash to the main field. This will complete the deficiency of potash in the plants and it will increase immunity.

Use 2 grams of Boron 20% per litre of water mixed with sticker.

By conducting a soil test, along with the nutrients present in the soil, the number of salts can also be obtained.

Nutrients that are deficient can be replenished, crops can be selected according to the nutrients present in the soil and good yields can be obtained, the fertilizer capacity of the soil can be increased.

A soil test gives information about the pH level of the soil.

A soil test gives information about 12 types of nutrients found in the soil, The cost of cultivation can be reduced

A soil test must be done once every 3 years.

Due to this, the right amount of fertilizer or manure to be applied to the crop is decided. Farmers can reduce the additional cost by good management of fertilizers in their crops.