Gramophone – Page 29

Causes and diagnosis of fruit cracking in tomato crop

27/02/2025 Thursday February 27th, 2025

In tomato crops, fruit cracking is a physical disorder and it usually appears at the time of maturity. In this disorder, the fruits split in two ways, vertical and circular.

Fruit cracking in tomato crops is mainly due to two reasons, the first reason is irregular irrigation in the crop like the land that is dry for a long time and sudden heavy irrigation. And the second reason is the deficiency of a Boron micronutrient in the soil.

Diagnosis of fruit cracking: To avoid this problem, irrigate the crop in a balanced way from time to time. And for the boron nutrient supplements, spray Rich Bor (Boron 20%) @ 1-1.5 gm per litre of water or Rich Boramin-CA (Amino Acid, Boron, Calcium) @ 2-3 ml per litre of water.

Rain Expected in North India; Snowfall Begins in the Mountains, Including Kashmir

27/02/2025 Thursday February 27th, 2025

Snowfall has begun in the mountains of Jammu and Kashmir, northern Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Himachal Pradesh. Some areas of Kashmir have recorded heavy rain and snowfall. Soon, rain clouds will move towards Punjab, Haryana, and northern Rajasthan. There is also a possibility of rain in parts of Delhi and Uttar Pradesh.

On February 26, Delhi recorded its highest temperature of the season at 32.4°C. Meanwhile, a heatwave continues along the coasts of Maharashtra and Karnataka, including Mumbai. However, starting tomorrow, the maximum temperature in North India, including Delhi, is expected to decrease slightly.

In the south, rain will begin in the southern parts of Tamil Nadu and gradually spread across the entire state.

Source: Skymet Weather

Symptoms and control of aphids in watermelon crop

26/02/2025 Thursday February 27th, 2025

This pest affects the leaves and shoots, due to which the leaves begin to curl and wither. Plant growth is stunted, as well as black mold develops on the leaves due to the secretion of honeydew from the insect.

Control: As soon as the infestation is noticed to control this pest spray, Novaceta (Acetamiprid 20 % SP) @ 30 gram per acre or Media ( Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) @ 40-50 ml per acre + Nova Maxx (Gibberellic acid 0.001%) @ 300 ml per acre in 150-200 litres of water.

Know the reasons and prevention measure for small fruits dropping in gourd crop

25/02/2025 Tuesday February 25th, 2025

The farmers cultivating gourds often face the problem of small fruits turning yellow and drying up, and this causes a huge loss in yield.

Causes of small fruit drop:

Fruits start falling due to fungal diseases in plants.
This problem can also occur when there is an outbreak of pests in the crop.
Small gourd fruits start falling even if there is irregular irrigation or lack of irrigation in the crop.
Unbalanced use of fertilizers also results in fruit drop.
Small fruits start falling due to improper pollination.

Initial symptoms of small fruit drop:

In the initial stage, the flowers attached to the small fruits start drying up, and gradually the small fruits start turning yellow and brown in colour. And later the fruits dry up completely and fall off.

Preventions:

Inspect the crop from time to time.
Make proper arrangements for drainage in the field.
Do not use excessive irrigation and fertilizers.
If symptoms of fungal diseases or fruit flies and sucking insects appear, do proper spraying for control.

Symptoms and control measures of sucking pests in brinjal crop

24/02/2025 Monday February 24th, 2025

Mites: They spread webs on the underside of the leaves and suck the sap from the leaves. Due to this, the leaves start appearing red.

Spray Tusk (Malathion 50.00% EC) @ 600 ml/acre or Meothrin (Fenpropathrin 30 % EC) @ 100 – 136 ml per acre mixed in 150 -200 litres of water.

Jassid: These insects suck the sap from the lower surface of the leaves, due to which the leaves turn yellow and become weak.

Spray Solomon (Beta-cyfluthrin 08.49 % + Imidacloprid 19.81 % w/w OD) @ 70 -80 ml per acre or Tafgor (Dimethoate 30 % EC) @ 792 ml per acre in 150 – 200 litres of water.

Whitefly: They suck the sap from the leaves, which results in the leaves becoming shrivel. Apart from this, these insects also work to spread viral diseases from one plant to another.

Spray Pager (Diafenthiuron 50 % WP) @ 240 gm/acre and Areva (Thiamethoxam 25 % WG) @ 80 gm/acre in 150 – 200 litres of water.

Aphid: These insects are small and green in colour, which live on the lower surface of the leaves and sucks the sap, due to which the leaves turn yellow.

Spray, Solomon (Beta-cyfluthrin 08.49 % + Imidacloprid 19.81 % w/w OD) @ 70 -80 ml per acre mixed with 150 to 200 litres of water.

Rain Likely in Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Delhi, and UP from February 27

24/02/2025 Monday February 24th, 2025

The Western Disturbance has now reached northern Pakistan. Rain and snowfall will begin in the hilly regions of India, including northern Pakistan, this evening. These activities will intensify from February 25. On February 26, rainfall is expected in the Terai regions of North India. From February 27, Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Western Uttar Pradesh, and Northern Rajasthan will likely experience rain. Showers are also expected in the northeastern states and parts of South India. Additionally, heavy rainfall is anticipated in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Source: Skymet Weather

Symptoms and control of powdery mildew disease in watermelon

23/02/2025 Monday February 24th, 2025

The disease causes a white powdery growth on the upper leaves, stems and young growing parts of plants, and as the infection progresses, the entire leaf becomes covered with the fungus. The leaves of infected plants start falling prematurely. If the infection occurs at the fruiting stage, the fruits remain underdeveloped and become malformed.

Control: To control the disease spray, Novacone (Hexaconazole 5% SC) @ 400 ml per acre in 150-200 litres of water as soon as the symptoms appear. Also, take a spray of Nutriful Max (fulvic acid amino acid trace component) @ 250 ml per acre for good flower and fruit development.

Symptoms and prevention of basal rot problem in onions

22/02/2025 Monday February 24th, 2025

In the initial symptoms of the disease, the leaves turn yellow and the growth of the plant stops and later the leaves dry up from the tips downwards. In the early stages of infection, the roots of the plants turn pink and later rot. In advanced stages, the bulb begins to rot from the lower end and eventually, the whole plant dies.

Prevention of Disease: To control it, as soon as the symptoms of the disease appear drench with Dhanucop (Copper oxychloride 50% WP) @ 500 gm per acre in 200 litres of water.

PM-Kisan Yojana: Farmers Will Now Receive ₹9,000 Annually!

21/02/2025 Thursday February 20th, 2025

The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme provides financial assistance to farmers across India. Now, the Rajasthan government has increased this amount to ₹9,000 per year, offering greater support to farmers.

Key Announcements for Farmers in Rajasthan Budget 2025-26:

✅ Subsidy on Gobar Gas Plants – Farmers will receive government subsidies for setting up gobar gas plants.
✅ Benefits for Women – Under the Rajivika Mission, 20 lakh women will be empowered as Lakhpati Didis.
✅ Warehouse Industry Status – Warehouses will now be recognized as an industry, easing crop storage.
✅ Free Electricity up to 150 Units – Farmers will receive up to 150 units of free electricity per month.
✅ Chief Minister Dairy Producer Scheme – 1,000 new milk collection centers will be opened, and subsidies for cow shelters will increase.
✅ Bonus on Wheat MSP – Farmers will get an additional ₹150 per quintal as a bonus on wheat MSP.
✅ Israel Visit for Farmers – 100 farmers will be sent to Israel to learn advanced agricultural techniques.
✅ Support for Landless Agricultural Workers – A grant of up to ₹5,000 for purchasing agricultural equipment.

Source: Krishi Jagran

Damage and control of fruit borer in tomato crop

21/02/2025 Monday February 24th, 2025

The caterpillar of the fruit borer is the most harmful. In the initial stage, this caterpillar eats the leaves, and later damages the fruits by piercing the fruit, the holes made by the caterpillar are circular. One caterpillar of this pest can damage 2-8 fruits, and the quality and yield of the crop also reduce.

Control: For monitoring and management of the pod borer, apply Helico-O-Lure @ 10 funnel traps per acre in the field. If infestation is observed, spray Cosko (Chlorantraniliprole 18.50% SC) @ 60 ml per acre or Lamanova (Lambda Cyhalothrin 04.90 % CS) @ 120 ml per acre with 150-200 litres of water.

In tomato crops, fruit cracking is a physical disorder and it usually appears at the time of maturity. In this disorder, the fruits split in two ways, vertical and circular.

Fruit cracking in tomato crops is mainly due to two reasons, the first reason is irregular irrigation in the crop like the land that is dry for a long time and sudden heavy irrigation. And the second reason is the deficiency of a Boron micronutrient in the soil.

Diagnosis of fruit cracking: To avoid this problem, irrigate the crop in a balanced way from time to time. And for the boron nutrient supplements, spray Rich Bor (Boron 20%) @ 1-1.5 gm per litre of water or Rich Boramin-CA (Amino Acid, Boron, Calcium) @ 2-3 ml per litre of water.

On February 26, Delhi recorded its highest temperature of the season at 32.4°C. Meanwhile, a heatwave continues along the coasts of Maharashtra and Karnataka, including Mumbai. However, starting tomorrow, the maximum temperature in North India, including Delhi, is expected to decrease slightly.

In the south, rain will begin in the southern parts of Tamil Nadu and gradually spread across the entire state.

Source: Skymet Weather

This pest affects the leaves and shoots, due to which the leaves begin to curl and wither. Plant growth is stunted, as well as black mold develops on the leaves due to the secretion of honeydew from the insect.

Control: As soon as the infestation is noticed to control this pest spray, Novaceta (Acetamiprid 20 % SP) @ 30 gram per acre or Media ( Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) @ 40-50 ml per acre + Nova Maxx (Gibberellic acid 0.001%) @ 300 ml per acre in 150-200 litres of water.

The farmers cultivating gourds often face the problem of small fruits turning yellow and drying up, and this causes a huge loss in yield.

Causes of small fruit drop:

Fruits start falling due to fungal diseases in plants.

This problem can also occur when there is an outbreak of pests in the crop.

Small gourd fruits start falling even if there is irregular irrigation or lack of irrigation in the crop.

Unbalanced use of fertilizers also results in fruit drop.

Small fruits start falling due to improper pollination.

Initial symptoms of small fruit drop:

In the initial stage, the flowers attached to the small fruits start drying up, and gradually the small fruits start turning yellow and brown in colour. And later the fruits dry up completely and fall off.

Preventions:

Inspect the crop from time to time.

Make proper arrangements for drainage in the field.

Do not use excessive irrigation and fertilizers.

If symptoms of fungal diseases or fruit flies and sucking insects appear, do proper spraying for control.

Mites: They spread webs on the underside of the leaves and suck the sap from the leaves. Due to this, the leaves start appearing red.

Spray Tusk (Malathion 50.00% EC) @ 600 ml/acre or Meothrin (Fenpropathrin 30 % EC) @ 100 – 136 ml per acre mixed in 150 -200 litres of water.

Jassid: These insects suck the sap from the lower surface of the leaves, due to which the leaves turn yellow and become weak.

Spray Solomon (Beta-cyfluthrin 08.49 % + Imidacloprid 19.81 % w/w OD) @ 70 -80 ml per acre or Tafgor (Dimethoate 30 % EC) @ 792 ml per acre in 150 – 200 litres of water.

Whitefly: They suck the sap from the leaves, which results in the leaves becoming shrivel. Apart from this, these insects also work to spread viral diseases from one plant to another.

Spray Pager (Diafenthiuron 50 % WP) @ 240 gm/acre and Areva (Thiamethoxam 25 % WG) @ 80 gm/acre in 150 – 200 litres of water.

Aphid: These insects are small and green in colour, which live on the lower surface of the leaves and sucks the sap, due to which the leaves turn yellow.

Spray, Solomon (Beta-cyfluthrin 08.49 % + Imidacloprid 19.81 % w/w OD) @ 70 -80 ml per acre mixed with 150 to 200 litres of water.

Source: Skymet Weather

Control: To control the disease spray, Novacone (Hexaconazole 5% SC) @ 400 ml per acre in 150-200 litres of water as soon as the symptoms appear. Also, take a spray of Nutriful Max (fulvic acid amino acid trace component) @ 250 ml per acre for good flower and fruit development.

Prevention of Disease: To control it, as soon as the symptoms of the disease appear drench with Dhanucop (Copper oxychloride 50% WP) @ 500 gm per acre in 200 litres of water.

The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme provides financial assistance to farmers across India. Now, the Rajasthan government has increased this amount to ₹9,000 per year, offering greater support to farmers.

Key Announcements for Farmers in Rajasthan Budget 2025-26:

Source: Krishi Jagran

Control: For monitoring and management of the pod borer, apply Helico-O-Lure @ 10 funnel traps per acre in the field. If infestation is observed, spray Cosko (Chlorantraniliprole 18.50% SC) @ 60 ml per acre or Lamanova (Lambda Cyhalothrin 04.90 % CS) @ 120 ml per acre with 150-200 litres of water.