Gramophone – Page 702

Control of white grubs in Soybean and Groundnut

26/07/2018

Control of white grubs in Soybean and Groundnut:-

Symptoms of damage:

The grubs feed roots. Grubs feed on fine rootlets, resulting in pale wilted plants, dying in patches.

Management of White grubs:-

Bio-Control:- Soil application- For soil insect pest like White Grubs,Termite, Agrotis species etc Mix 2.0 kg to 4.0 kg Metarhizium anisopliae with 50 kg of well decomposed fym/compost/field soil and broadcast in the field of 1 acre at the time of field preparation or in standing crop. Foliar spray – Mix 2.0 kg Metarhizium anisopliae, in 150 – 200 litre of water for spray on insect pest in the standing crop of 1 acre.
Spray should be undertaken as a community approach and should be repeated after every rainfall till the middle of July.
Spraying the trees close to the field with Chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 2 ml/lit of water soon after first monsoon showers for 3-4 days in the late evening hours kills the adult beetles and reduces root grub infestation.
Seed treatment with chlorpyriphos 20 EC ( 6.5 to 12.5 ml/kg seed) is found effective.
In case of severe infestation apply Carbofuran 3% @ 10 kg/ Acre or Chlorpyrifos 20% EC @ 500 ml/acre or Phorate 10% G @ 10 kg/ha.

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Management of Collar Rot in Soybean

25/07/2018

Management of Collar Rot in Soybean:-

Symptoms:-

Infection usually occurs at or just below the soil surface.
Sudden yellowing or wilting of plants is the first symptom.
Light brown lesions, which quickly darken, enlarge until the hypocotyl or stem is girdled.
Leaves turn brown, dry and often cling to dead stem.

Management:-

Deep ploughing in summer.
Crop rotation with maize or sorghum.
Destroy infected stubble.
Seed treatment with Carbendazim or Thiram 2g/kg of seed.
Spot drenching with Carbendazim @ 3 gm/liter or Thiophanate methyl 70% WP @ 2 gm/liter of Water.

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Control of Semilooper In Soyabean:-

24/07/2018

Semilooper In Soyabean:-

Soybean looper is a more serious pest in soybeans.
Crops can be attacked at any stage but are at greatest risk during flowering and podding Stage.
They chew holes in the leaf, and then feed from the leaf margin.

Control :-

Deep Summer Ploughing.
Spray Quinalphos 25 EC @ 400ml/Acre or Profenophos 50% EC @ 400ml/Acre or Spinosad 45% SC@ 60ml/acre.

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Potash Deficiency and Their Control in Cotton

23/07/2018

Potash deficiency and their control in Cotton :-

Prior to peak bloom, potassium deficiency in cotton presents itself as interveinal chlorosis on older leaves. These areas of interveinal chlorosis can progress to a red/gold color on these leaves followed by necrosis and/or the onset of foliage disease symptoms Due to potash deficiency, shading of leaves is observed also boll opening is not proper. Leaves get curled and become dry.

Control:- Spray Two to three times 00:52:34 or 00:00:50 @ 100 gm per pump.

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Control of White fly in Soybean

21/07/2018

Control of White fly in Soybean :-

Nymph and adults suck the cell sap from the leaves. The affected leaves curl and dry.
The affected plants show stunted growth. White flies are also responsible for transmitting yellow vein mosaic virus or leaf curl disease.
3-4 foliar spray of Profenofos @ 50 ml/pump or Thaimathoxam @ 5 gm/pump or Acetamiprid 20% SP @15 gm/pump at 10 days interval.

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Management of Tobacco caterpillar in Soybean

20/07/2018

Symptoms of damage: – Larvae feed on the chlorophyll of the leaves. The eaten leaves give the appearance of whitish yellow web.

Management

Deep summer ploughing.
Avoid pre-monsoon sowing.
Optimum seed rate (70-100 kg/ha) should be used.
Collect and destroy infested plant parts, egg masses and larva.
Install sex pheromone trap @10 traps/ha for early deduction of the pest.
Erection of bird perches @10-12/ha.
Field Sanitation;Remove the infested plant parts at least once in 10 days and bury them in compost pit to monitor and reduce the populations of tobacco caterpillar. Traps are used for monitoring the pest situation.
Install five sex pheromone traps per hectare (change septa after 3 weeks), specific for male adults of tobacco caterpillar (separate pheromone for each).
Apply Profenophos 50 % EC@ 400 ml/acre or quinalphos 25% EC @ 400 ml/acre
In case of severe infestation apply Emamectin Benzoate @ 80 Gm/acre

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Phosphorus Deficiency in Cotton

18/07/2018

Phosphorus Deficiency in Cotton:-

Leaves of Phosphorus deficient plants remain dark green in colour with reduced leaf size. The deficiency symptom is first reflected in the lower or older leaves of cotton plant. The deepening of the green colour of the leaves progresses upward towards to the growing point to the extent phosphorus is deficient, suggesting that the nutrient moves to younger tissues as the supply diminishes. An extreme deficiency of phosphorus not only reduces the plant size, but also suffers from lack of secondary branches and reduction in boll number. It also leads to delay in blooming, fruiting and maturity of the bolls.

Younger Leaves show more dark green appearance. Older leaves become small in size and developed purple and red pigmentation.

Control:- Spray 12:61:00 or 00:52:34 @ 100 gm per pump.

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Seed rate and sowing time for Onion

17/07/2018

Proper seed rate and sowing time are two things which are very important for sowing, growth, and cultivation of onion. If not done so, there can be a lot of impact on the production.

Sowing time:-

To cultivate onion, the onion nursery has to be prepared first, the onion nursery is prepared for Rabi season in December and transplanting are done in the month of January.
In Kharif, nursery is prepared from 15 June to 15 July, and transplant is done in the last week of August.

Seed rate:-

8-10 kg seed is sufficient for raising seedlings for one hectare, accommodating 100-110 beds of 3m X 0.6m size each.
For broadcasting directly in the field or sowing in the rows, 15-20 kg seeds are enough for a hectare.
For multiplier onions 10-12 quintal bulblets are required for planting one hectare.

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Nitrogen deficiency in Cotton

12/07/2018

Nitrogen deficiency in Cotton:-

A pale yellowish green colour, coupled with reduction in leaf size is the most striking symptom of nitrogen deficiency in cotton. Eventually, the cells become disorganised accompanied by development of red pigments called anthocyanins. Nitrogen deficient plant is also characterized with little vegetative growth, lack of vigour coupled with stunted growth.

Control:- Spray 19:19:19 @ 100 gm per pump.

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Integrated Management of Pink Bollworm in Cotton

11/07/2018

Integrated Management of Pink Bollworm in Cotton:-

Terminate cotton crop by December – mid January.
Do not store infected or stained cotton in house / godowns.
Crop rotation should be followed to break the life cycle of pink bollworm.
Install pheromone traps @5/ha, after 45 days of sowing for monitoring month activity of pink bollworm larvae within flower.
At boll formation stage, farmers are advised to inspect presence and damage of pink bollworm by plucking 20 green bolls from different plants randomly.
picking of clean and infected cotton may be carried out separately clean cotton may be stored or marketed. Infected cotton should be destroyed.
One spray of neem seed kernek extract 5%+neem oil 5 ml/lit. may be taken up at 60 days after sowing.

Table:- Insecticide suggested for Pink Bollworm Management

Month	Insecticide	Dose per 10 Litre of Water*
September	Quinalphos 25 EC Thiodicarb 75 WP	20 ml 20 gm
October	Chlorpyriphos 20 EC Thiodicarb 75 WP	25 ml 20 gm
November	Fenvalerate 20 EC Cypermethrin 25 EC	10 ml 10 ml

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