This organic insecticide will kill aphids, thrips, jassids

17/03/2024Posted on
This organic insecticide will kill aphids thrips jassids

Verticillium lecanii is an organic insecticide based on fungus. Verticillium lecanii is available in formulations of 1% WP, and 1.15% WP. The use of this fungus is beneficial for the prevention of sap-sucking insects like aphids, thrips, jassids, mealybugs etc. in different types of crops.

Verticillium lecanii is a white cotton-like fungus. White fungal growth is visible on the sides of infected insects. The spores of the fungus Verticillium lecanii are somewhat sticky in nature. Due to this, they stick to the upper cover of insects. Chemical fungicide should not be used 15 days before and after the use of Verticillium lecanii Self life of Verticillium lecanii is one year.

Method of use

The quantity of its spraying depends on the crop density and the tree. If there is a repeated outbreak of sucking insects in any crop, then Verticillium lacani should be used at an interval of 15 to 20 days, and in greenhouse crops, it is recommended to use it at an interval of 10 to 15 days.

Verticillium lecanii can be used in combination with neem and other organic insecticides and fungicides, but do not mix it with any chemical fungicide.

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Identification of red spider mites in cucurbit crops

16/03/2024Posted on
Identification of red spider mites in cucurbit crops

It is a microscopic insect which is not visible to the eyes. It sucks the sap from the leaves by sticking to the lower surface of the leaves of the plants. This pest attacks cotton, brinjal, tomato, okra and cucurbit crops. The adult of this insect is red in colour which is elliptical and two spots are found in the upper part of its body. Both their infant and adult stages are harmful. Their presence is known by the web made by them on the lower surface of the leaves.

The hot season of March-April is a favourable time for their outbreak. Due to their microscopic size, they can move from one place to another with the help of wind. In severe infestation, the leaves start drying up and falling down.

Control: Destroy infested leaves and weeds. In severe infestation, spray Tafgor (Dimethoate 30 EC) @ 300 ml per acre or Omite (Propargite 57 EC) @ 200 ml per acre dissolved in 150-200 litres of water on the infested plants.

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Be careful while harvesting watermelon, take care of proper time

15/03/2024Posted on
Best time to harvest fruit in watermelon crop

Watermelon fruits start to be plucked after 75 to 80 days of sowing. If the fruits are to be sent to a distant market, then harvesting is done early. Depending on the size and colour of the fruits according to each variety, when will the fruit mature? Generally, when ripe fruits are pressed with fingers, there is a sound of dhap-dhap, as well as when the stem starts drying, only then do the fruits become eligible for harvesting. If the portion of the fruit which remains in the soil turns yellow from white, then the fruit is considered ripe. If the fruit squeezes easily when pressed, and does not require much force while pressing, then the fruit is considered ripe. While harvesting the fruit, note that to separate the fruits from the stalk, use a sharp knife. Apart from this, the fruits should be collected in a cold place.

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Disadvantages of burning crop residue after harvesting

14/03/2024Posted on
Disadvantages of burning crop residue after harvesting

Most of the farmers burn and destroy the stubble left after wheat harvesting for early sowing of the second crop, due to which there is a continuous decrease in the amount of fossil material in the fields. The upper surface of the soil becomes hard. The fertility of the soil is destroyed as well as there is a decrease in the amount of carbon. The physical structure of the soil is also affected, and the water-holding capacity is reduced. Due to this, the biodiversity of the soil is almost destroyed, and there is a decrease in biological activities in the soil.

Due to the burning of crop residues, there is also a massive decline in the number of earthworms. Carbon dioxide and nitrous oxide are released by burning crop residues. Which pollutes the atmosphere and the ratio of nitrogen and carbon in the land is affected.

By burning crop residues, the plants on the bunds get burnt, and sometimes the possibility of fire in the villages also increases.

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Importance of rhizobium culture in moong crop

13/03/2024Posted on
Importance of rhizobium culture in moong crop

Rhizobium is a symbiotic bacterium. Which is especially found in the roots of pulse crops, specific species of bacteria live with specific plants, such as soybean, groundnut, gram, moong, urad, peas, etc. Rhizobium bacteria of different crops are also different. Rhizobium bacteria mainly fulfil nitrogen in crops by converting atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates, living as symbionts in all oilseeds and pulses crops. Rhizobium bacteria enter the roots of the crops after entering the soil and form small nodules. Bacteria live in large amounts in these nodules, these bacteria take natural nitrogen from the atmosphere and convert it into nutrients and make it available to plants. Excess nodules in the roots of the plant keep the plant healthy. In the process of stabilization of nitrogen by Rhizobium, another product is formed, it is hydrogen. Certain species of Rhizobium use this hydrogen in the process of nitrogen fixation.

Rhizobium bacteria can be used for crops in two ways, seed treatment and soil treatment.

Seed treatment: Treat the seeds by making a coating over the seeds by taking 5 grams of nitrogen-fixing bacteria/kg of seeds and using the treated seeds immediately for sowing.

Soil treatment: Mix 1 kg/acre of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria with decomposed cow dung manure or farm soil and broadcast it in an empty field before sowing.

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Know how bees are helpful in increasing crop production

12/03/2024Posted on
Know how bees are helpful in increasing crop production

Honey bees not only give honey to humans, but they also help in increasing their production by pollinating crops and trees. Bees collect pollen and nectar from fruits, vegetables and crops. Due to this, bees unknowingly increase yield by pollination. Domesticated and wild bees contribute up to 80 percent in pollination.

The income from the increase in production by bees is many times more than the honey and wax obtained from it. A bee visits about 100 flowers at a time. In this way they pollinate by carrying pollen from one flower to another. Due to this, the process of making seeds and grains becomes faster.

Bees are such pollinating insects, which do not cause any harm to the crops and we can keep them in the crops for pollination as per our wish. Bees pollinate the crops growing in an area of ​​about one kilometer from their habitat.

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Symptoms and control of anthracnose in cucurbit crops

11/03/2024Posted on
Symptoms and control of anthracnose in cucurbit crops

This disease is spread by a fungus called Colletotrichum legendarium. This disease mostly damages melons, gourds and cucumbers. In this disease, spots appear on the veins of the leaves, which later become 1 cm in diameter. Their colour is brown and their shape is angular. The spots on the leaves of infested plants coalesce as they grow, resulting in the drying of the leaves. In favourable environments, these spots are also found on plants and other parts and fruits.

Control: As soon as symptoms appear spray, Bavistin (Carbendazim 50% WP) @ 120 gm/acre or Indofil Z 78 (Zineb 75% WP) @ 600- 800 gm per acre in 150-200 litres of water.

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Symptoms and control of fruit borer in okra crop

09/03/2024Posted on
Symptoms and control of fruit borer in okra crop

This insect has yellow, orange, and brown spots on the body. In the initial stage, these caterpillars grow inside by making holes in the buds, due to which the buds wither and dry up. Later these caterpillars damage buds and flowers. They make a hole and enter inside the fruit and feed on the pulp of the fruit, because of this, the affected fruits are not suitable for eating.

Control:

  • Collect and destroy the stems and fruits of the damaged plants.

  • To monitor and control fruit borer, apply 5-10 pheromone traps per hectare.

  • When symptoms appear, spray Fame (Flubendiamide 39.35% w/w SC) @ 60 – 70 ml per acre in 150 to 200 litres of water.

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Know how to save chilli crop from mite attack

07/03/2024Posted on
Know how to save chilli crop from mite attack

In this pest, both nymphs and adults suck the sap from the lower surface of young leaves and growing tips of plants. Due to this the leaves curl down and shrink which takes the shape of an inverted boat. The fruits of the infected plant remain small.

Control: As soon as an infestation is seen spray, Omite (Propargite 57 % EC) @ 600 ml/acre or Pager (Diafenthiuron 50 % WP) @ 240 gm/acre or Emanova (Emamectin benzoate 05 % SG) @ 80 gm/acre in 150 -200 litres of water. 

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How to do weed management in vegetable crop

06/03/2024Posted on
How to do weed management in vegetable crop

If weeds are not controlled at the right time in the vegetable crop, it badly affects the yield and quality of vegetables. Weeds not only reduce the yield but also damage the quality of the seeds if mixed with vegetable seeds, which affects their value. In most vegetable crops, it is very important to protect from the outbreak of weeds in the initial stage, because the damage done at this time affects both the growth and production of the crop.

Weed Management:

  • Use weed-free pure and certified seed/plant while sowing the crop.

  • Use only fully rotten cow dung and compost manure, otherwise, the maximum amount of weed seeds are likely to come into the field only from this.

  • Clean the soil attached to agricultural machinery before using it from one field to another.

  • Keep the nursery site weed-free.

  • Keep the bunds, water sources and drains around the field weed-free.

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