Symptoms and preventive measures of Cucumber mosaic virus in Cucurbits crop!

30/12/2024Posted on
Symptoms and preventive measures of Cucumber mosaic virus in Cucurbits crop

  • The vector of the cucumber mosaic virus is aphids. Cucurbits are susceptible to the Cucumber mosaic virus.

  • Initially, water-soaked yellow spots develop on the leaves.

  • The spots grow rapidly and become irregular to circular with a light grey or white centre. The spots coalesce and turn into large lesions.

  • Plants become severely stunted and leaves become distorted.

  • When infected at the stage of flowering and fruit, there is a huge reduction in yield due to malformation of the fruit.

  • Eventually, the leaves dry up and the plant dies.

Preventive measures

  • To control this Insect, take a spray of Admire (Imidacloprid 70% WG) @ 14 g +  Silicomaxx Gold @ 50 ml per acre @ 150 to 200 litres of water.

  • After 3 days, spray Privintal BV @ 100 gm per acre @ 150 to 200 litres of water.

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Symptoms and control measures of pod borer caterpillars in pea crops

29/12/2024Posted on
Symptoms and control measures of pod borer caterpillars in pea crops

Symptoms of fruit borer damage: Fruit borer caterpillars feed on leaves at an early stage and at the flowering and pod stage they bore into developing pods and feed on seeds, with the head usually inside the pod and most of the body on the outside.

Control measures: For control of this Insect, spray Tusk (Malathion 50.00% EC) @ 600 ml + Silicomaxx Gold @ 50 ml per acre @ 150 to 200 litres of water.

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Symptoms and control measures of late blight in potato crops!

28/12/2024Posted on
Symptoms and control measures of late blight in potato crops

Symptoms of damage: Small water-soaked brown spots develop on the tips and margins of the leaves. And a white cotton-like growth of fungus appears around the spots. Under favourable weather conditions like low temperature, and high humidity, the disease spreads rapidly and the whole crop may be destroyed and blighted within 10-14 days.

Control measures: For the control of this disease, Spray NovaCrust (Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC) @ 300 ml or Carmanova (Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP) @ 700 gm + Novamaxx (Gibberellic Acid 0.001 % L) 300 ml + Silicomaxx gold 50ml per acre @ 150 to 200 litres of water.

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Nutrient management in garlic crops at the 50-55 days old stage!

27/12/2024Posted on
Nutrient management in garlic crops at the 50-55 days old stage

Garlic crop is now 50-55 days old, at this stage, for good Clove development, Boron 1 kg + Calcium Nitrate 10 kg + MOP 20 kg, mix all together and broadcast evenly one acre and do light irrigation.

Advantages of use

Boron: Increases resistance to fungal diseases. Garlic bulbs have good shine and colour.

Calcium nitrate: Increases the size of the tuber, and better quality yield is obtained. Garlic bulbs become solid, which increases their storage capacity.

Potassium: Potassium plays an important role in the transport of sugar synthesized in the plant to all parts of the plant. Potassium promotes the efficiency of natural nitrogen. Increases immunity in plants. Potassium increases yield.

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Field preparation and nutrient management for okra crop

26/12/2024Posted on
Watermelon and Muskmelon field preparation

  • For okra crops, friable, well-drained sandy loam soil having a pH range of 6.0-6.8 is most suitable.

  • It has good seed germination and root development in soil rich in organic matter.

  • After harvesting the previous crop, do one ploughing with soil turning plough.

  • Thereafter, apply FYM 8 to 10 Tonne  + Speed Kompost 4 kg + Combat (Trichoderma viride 1.0 % WP) @ 2 kg, per acre evenly in the field.

  • And do 2-3 ploughing with the help of a harrow. If there is less moisture in the soil, first do the Irrigation, then prepare the field and in the end make the field level by the leveller.

  • After field preparation, sow the seeds at the recommended spacing.

  • Keep the distance of plant to plant and row to row 30 x 30 cm. For one acre area, 1.5-2.2 kg seed is sufficient.

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Nutrient management required for bulb formation at the 40-45 day old stage of onion crop!

24/12/2024Posted on
Nutrient management required for bulb formation at the 40-45 day old stage of onion crop

In onion crop, 40-45 days after transplanting, bulb formation starts, in this stage,  apply  Urea 30 kg + Calcium Nitrate 10 kg + Magnesium Sulphate 10 kg, Mix all these together, broadcast them evenly in a one-acre area and irrigate lightly.

Urea: It is the biggest source of nitrogen supply. With its use, there is no problem with the yellowing and drying of leaves. Urea accelerates the process of photosynthesis.

Calcium nitrate: It contains 15.5% nitrogen and 18.5% calcium. Apart from calcium, it also makes nitrogen available to the crops. Calcium is an important secondary nutrient for plant growth. Calcium nitrate is an excellent source of calcium for crops. Enhances yield quality and longer shelf life in crops. It helps in the development of tubers in plants.

Magnesium Sulphate: It contains 9.5% magnesium and 12% sulphur. Along with magnesium, the availability of sulfur to the crops also increases, which increases the quality of the crops as well as the production. It plays an important role in the conversion of enzymes and carbohydrates. Helps in the synthesis of chlorophyll in plants and also improves phosphorus uptake and absorption.

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Black thrips damage symptoms and control measures in chilli crop

23/12/2024Posted on
Black thrips damage symptoms and control measures in chilli crop

Symptoms of damage: Black thrips are a very dangerous pest in chilli crops. This insect first sucks the sap from the lower surface of the leaf. And slowly attack the twig, flower and fruit also. At the flowering stage, it affects the flowers and inhibits the development of fruits, due to the damage to the flowers, it is also called “flower thrips” . Severely damaged leaves turn yellow and drop.

Control measures: For its control, take a spray of Largo (Spinetoram 11.7% SC) @ 180-200 ml + Neemgold (Azadirachtin 3000 ppm) @ 800 ml + Novamaxx @ 300 ml + Silicomaxx Gold @ 50 ml, per acre, 150 to 200 litres of water.

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Symptoms and control measures of white fly and jassid in okra crop!

22/12/2024Posted on
Symptoms and control measures of white fly and jassid in okra crop

Jassid: Due to its outbreak, the soft leaves turn yellow, and the edge of the leaves turn downwards and turn red. In severe infestations, the leaf margins become bronzed, this condition is known as “hopper burn”. The edges of the leaves break into pieces when crushed. Due to this, the growth of the crop slows down.

White fly: Chlorotic spots are formed on the leaves, which later merge to produce yellowing of the leaf tissue. These insects secrete honeydew, which leads to the development of black mold. Also, it is a carrier of the yellow vein mosaic virus. It is the most devastating disease of okra. Severe whitefly infestations cause premature defoliation.

Control Measures: To control these pests and more flowering, Spray Thianova 25 (Thiamethoxam 25% WG) @ 40 gm or Pager (Diafenthiuron  50 % WP) @ 240 gm + Nutriful Maxx  @ 250 ml @ 150 to 200 litres of water per acre.

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Irrigate in different stages for bumper yield of wheat!

21/12/2024Posted on
Irrigate in different stages for bumper yield of wheat!

Improved and tall varieties of wheat require 25 to 30 cm of water. In these varieties, there are three critical stages from the point of view of water use –

  • Tillering stage (30 days after sowing),

  • Flowering stage (50 to 55 days after sowing)

  • Milking stage (95 days after the sowing stage) etc.

  • Irrigation in this stage increases the yield.

  • It is necessary to give 8 cm of water in each irrigation.

Dwarf wheat varieties require more water from the beginning, due to which the development of roots and tillers is more, and the plants get more spikes. As a result, more yield is obtained. These varieties require 40 to 50 cm of water. It is necessary to give 6 to 7 cm of water per irrigation.

  • First irrigation at the time of sowing

  • Second irrigation 21-25 days after sowing (at CRI stage)

  • Third irrigation 41-45 days after sowing (at the tillering stage)

  • Fourth irrigation 61-65 days after sowing (at the flowering stage)

  • Fifth irrigation 81-85 days after sowing (at grain filling stage)

  • Out of this, the crown root initiation and flowering stages are the most important stages.

In the late variety, irrigation should be kept at every 20 days intervals, from the flowering stage to the grain-filling stage, and must take care of the water, due to the high temperature, the water dries up quickly and the grains get wrinkled. That’s why it is necessary to give water from time to time in late-sown wheat.

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Broad leaf weeds will cause 25 to 35% loss in wheat yield

20/12/2024Posted on
Broad leaf weeds will cause 25 to 35% loss in wheat yield

  • Weeds are one of the biggest problems in the wheat crop. Due to weeds, a 25 to 35% reduction in crop production has been observed. Because, of the nutrients which are given to the crops, those nutrients are absorbed by the weeds. Due to this, the main crop becomes weak. 

  • There are mainly two types of weeds in wheat, such as the narrow-leaved weeds Motha, Kans, wild oats, Phalaris etc. and the broad-leaved weeds such as Bathua, Senji, Kasni, Wild Spinach, Krishna Neel, Hirankhuri etc.

  • Spray weedicide within 30 to 40 days after sowing when the weeds are in the stage of 2 to 5 leaves. There should be sufficient moisture in the field at the time of spraying. Use a flat fan or flood jet nozzle. Spray 10 to 12 tanks per acre.

  • For broadleaf weed control, spray Novamine 58 (2,4-D dimethyl amine salt 58% SL) @ 300-500 ml or Convo (Metsulfuron-Methyl 20 % WP) @ 8 gm, per acre @ 200 litres of water.

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