Tip of the day – Page 209

Control of Aphids in Pea

17/12/2018

Control of Aphids in Pea:-

Small green insects, adults are large pear-shaped green, yellow or pink in color.

Damage:-

Suck the plant sap from leaves, flowers and pods.
The affected leaves often get cupped or become irregularly distorted, shoots become stunted and malformed.
Honeydew secreted by the aphids encourages growth of Sooty mould.

Control:-

Spray the crop with Following insecticides at 15-20 days interval till the end of aphid population checked.

Profenofos 50% EC @ 50 ml/ Pump.
Acetamiprid 20 SP @ 10 gm/Pump.
Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 7 ml/pump.

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The likelihood of Frost

17/12/2018

The likelihood of Frost:

The effect of frost on plants is ordinarily more in winters.
When the temperature drops down to zero degrees or beneath and the cool breeze doesn’t blow, the evenings have high odds of seeing icing or frosting.
However, it tends to be evaluated if frosting will happen or not by means of the environment and the behaviour of the breezes blowing.
Frosting happens when there are cool breezes blowing toward the evening and the temperature dips under the amassing point.
If suddenly the breeze stops blowing and after that the sky is clear or if even around evening time there is no indication of winds, there are high odds of frosting.
Normally, if the temperature goes down and the breezes blow there is no harm yet on the off chance that they all of a sudden stop and the sky is clear, icing or frosting will undoubtedly occur and it is harmful to the crops.

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Control of Fruit borer in Tomato

14/12/2018

Control of Fruit borer in Tomato:-

The borer enters the fruits making circular holes and completely destroys them resulting into heavy losses both in quality and yield.
For the effective control of this pest, spray Profenofos 40% EC @ 400 Ml/Acre or Indoxacarb 14.5% SC @ 200 Ml/ Acre or Emamactin Benzoate 5% SG 80 Gm/ Acre.

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Fertilizer Requirments for Watermelon

12/12/2018

Fertilizer Requirements for Watermelon:-

Apply well rotten FYM @ 15-22.5 tonnes/ha. should be mixed thoroughly with the soil at the time of preparation of land.
135 kg Urea, 100 kg DAP and 70 kg MoP are the proper doses per acre for the cultivation of watermelon.
The full quantity of phosphorus and potash and half quantity of nitrogen used before sowing.
Rest nitrogen used 10-15 days after sowing.
In general, high N under high temperature condition promotes maleness in flowering and lower number of flowers fruit-set and yield.
Watermelons require ample amount of potassium and phosphorus for optimal melon production.

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Harvest and Post Harvest Management of Onion

11/12/2018

Harvest and Post Harvest Management of Onion

Harvest:-

Onion is ready for harvest in 3-5 month after transplanting depending on variety.
During hot days when soil is hard, bulbs are pulled out with a hand hoe.
Plants are uprooted by hand and their roots are cut.
They are washed and bundled as per market requirement.
Yield of Kharif crop in comparatively low than rabi.

Grading:-

After curing, onions are graded and classified by grading machine and hand.
Before storage, double, broken, rotten bulbs and bulbs having in desirable features are removed.
Outer dry scales are removed during grading.
Cured bulbs are graded based on size and depending on local market and export.

Packaging:-

Jute bags are used onion packaging for sending to distance markets by trucks trains or even by air.
Generally, 40 kg capacity jute bags are used for transport with in country whereas, for export jute bags of 8-25 kg capacity is used.
Onion should be packed in 14-15 kg capacity cane baskets for export purpose.

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Gramophone organised its ‘Field Day’

10/12/2018

On December 08, 2018, Gramophone organized its ‘Field Day’ where current farming practices were compared to the well-researched practices given by the expert agronomists at Gramophone. The objective was to showcase the potential that newer technologies have for farmers. The field experts guided the farmers and kept a track of the crop across the cropping cycle and the results are quite encouraging. Manish Agrawal, a farmer from Bankpura village (Dhamnod) mentions, “I have been taking help from the experts at Gramophone this season and as compared to the other fields, my crop is healthier and I expect an improvement of 30-40% in the yield”.

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Suitable climate and soil for watermelon

05/12/2018

Suitable climate and soil for watermelon:-

Warm and dry climate is best suited for its cultivation.
The temperature of 22-26 degree Celsius is good for seed germination and plant growth. This is the summer crop so cannot tolerate frost.
If there is excessive moisture in the air, the fruits get delayed. At the time of fruits ripping warm climate and hot air increase fruits sweetness.
Proper drainage and sandy with organic matter or loamy soil is best found for this. The best soil PH value is 5-7 for its crop.
If there is no proper drainage, many kinds of diseases start to occur. Its cultivation can be successfully done on the banks of the river.

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Control Of Jassid in Okra

05/12/2018

Control Of Jassid in Okra:-

Identification

Insects are 2.5 mm long and small green in color.
Nymphs and adults are of same shape but nymphs do not have wings.
Eggs are laid along veins on the underside of the leaflets.
One generation requires 2 weeks.

Damage

This pest attacks the crop at its early stage of growth.
The adults and nymph suck the cell sap from the leaves.
As a result, the leaves curl upwards along the margins and have a burnt look which extends over the entire leaf area.
The affected plants show stunted growth.

Control

Soil application of Carbofuran 3 G @ 10 Kg/acre at the time of sowing.
Spray Profenophos 50% EC @ 400 Ml/acre or Acetamiprid 20% WP @ 80 gm/acre at fortnightly intervals starting with the appearance of the jassid.
Prophylactic spray of Neem oil-garlic mixture at fortnightly intervals is advantageous for avoiding pest incidence.

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Post Calving Challenges In Milk Cattles

30/11/2018

Post Calving Challenges:-

Reduced Dry Matter intake:- Before and during calving, cows do not eat or drink, But during calving cow can lose up to 50 Litre of water and electrolytes due to this, cow becomes inactive and reduces dry matter intake.
Rapid increase in calcium demand:- Colostrum and milk contains large quantities of calcium, so after Calvin demand increases.
Negative Energy Balance:- After Calving most of cows enter into a state of negative energy balance.

For Quick Recovery :

Transmix helps to reduce chances of metabolic disorders like milk fever and ketosis.
Transmix eases the calving stress.
Transmix wanes the chances of retained placenta and metritis.
Transmix helps to improve immunity.
Transmix optimizes milk production.

Dosage of Transmix:

Drench 500ml after parturition and repeat the same quantity 48-72 hours after first drench.

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Management of Powdery mildew in Peas

26/11/2018

Powdery Mildew of Pea:-

Symptoms-

Firstly on old leaves and then others parts.
Formation of powder on both surface of leaves.
Later formation of powdery spots on tendrils, pod etc. White power on plant surface. The fruits do not either set or remain very small.
Later stage, powdery growth also covers the pod making them not suitable for marketing.

Management-

Avoid late sowing.
Use resistant varieties like- Arka Ajit, PSM-5, Jawahar Pea- 4 JP-83, JRS-14,
Foliar spray of wettable sulphur 50% WP @ 3 gm/litre of water or Dinocap 48% EC 2 ml/ litre of water three time at 10 days interval.

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The likelihood of Frost:

The effect of frost on plants is ordinarily more in winters.

When the temperature drops down to zero degrees or beneath and the cool breeze doesn’t blow, the evenings have high odds of seeing icing or frosting.

However, it tends to be evaluated if frosting will happen or not by means of the environment and the behaviour of the breezes blowing.

Frosting happens when there are cool breezes blowing toward the evening and the temperature dips under the amassing point.

If suddenly the breeze stops blowing and after that the sky is clear or if even around evening time there is no indication of winds, there are high odds of frosting.

Normally, if the temperature goes down and the breezes blow there is no harm yet on the off chance that they all of a sudden stop and the sky is clear, icing or frosting will undoubtedly occur and it is harmful to the crops.