Symptoms and control of anthracnose in cucurbit crops

11/03/2025Posted on
Symptoms and control of anthracnose in cucurbit crops

This disease is spread by a fungus called Colletotrichum legendarium. This disease mostly damages melons, gourds and cucumbers. In this disease, spots appear on the veins of the leaves, which later become 1 cm in diameter. Their colour is brown and their shape is angular. The spots on the leaves of infested plants coalesce as they grow, resulting in the drying of the leaves. In favourable environments, these spots are also found on plants and other parts and fruits.

Control: As soon as symptoms appear spray, Bavistin (Carbendazim 50% WP) @ 120 gm/acre or Indofil Z 78 (Zineb 75% WP) @ 600- 800 gm per acre in 150-200 litres of water.

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Stem borer attacks in paddy crop

10/03/2025Posted on
Stem borer attacks in paddy crop

  • The larval stage of this insect is harmful, after hatching from the egg, the larva penetrates inside the leaves of the middle buds and eats the stem inside and goes to the internode.

  • Panicles do not come out when there is an outbreak in the growing stage of plants, When an outbreak occurs in the panicle emergence stage, the earhead dry up and turn white and no grains are formed.

  • For its control, spray Chlorpyriphos 50% + Cypermethrin 5% EC [Super-D] @ 500 ml or Cypermethrin 4% EC + Profenofos 40% EC [ProfeNova] @ 400 ml per acre.

  • Apply Cartap Hydrochloride 4% GR [Caldan] @ 8 kg per acre in the soil.

  • For biological control, spray Beauveria bassiana (Bave Curb) @ 250 gm/acre.

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Symptoms and control of fruit borer in okra crop

09/03/2025Posted on
Symptoms and control of fruit borer in okra crop

This insect has yellow, orange, and brown spots on the body. In the initial stage, these caterpillars grow inside by making holes in the buds, due to which the buds wither and dry up. Later these caterpillars damage buds and flowers. They make a hole and enter inside the fruit and feed on the pulp of the fruit, because of this, the affected fruits are not suitable for eating.

Control:

  • Collect and destroy the stems and fruits of the damaged plants.

  • To monitor and control fruit borer, apply 5-10 pheromone traps per hectare.

  • When symptoms appear, spray Fame (Flubendiamide 39.35% w/w SC) @ 60 – 70 ml per acre in 150 to 200 litres of water.

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Know how to save chilli crop from mite attack

07/03/2025Posted on
Know how to save chilli crop from mite attack

In this pest, both nymphs and adults suck the sap from the lower surface of young leaves and growing tips of plants. Due to this the leaves curl down and shrink which takes the shape of an inverted boat. The fruits of the infected plant remain small.

Control: As soon as an infestation is seen spray, Omite (Propargite 57 % EC) @ 600 ml/acre or Pager (Diafenthiuron 50 % WP) @ 240 gm/acre or Emanova (Emamectin benzoate 05 % SG) @ 80 gm/acre in 150 -200 litres of water. 

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How to do weed management in vegetable crop

06/03/2025Posted on
How to do weed management in vegetable crop

If weeds are not controlled at the right time in the vegetable crop, it badly affects the yield and quality of vegetables. Weeds not only reduce the yield but also damage the quality of the seeds if mixed with vegetable seeds, which affects their value. In most vegetable crops, it is very important to protect from the outbreak of weeds in the initial stage, because the damage done at this time affects both the growth and production of the crop.

Weed Management:

  • Use weed-free pure and certified seed/plant while sowing the crop.

  • Use only fully rotten cow dung and compost manure, otherwise, the maximum amount of weed seeds are likely to come into the field only from this.

  • Clean the soil attached to agricultural machinery before using it from one field to another.

  • Keep the nursery site weed-free.

  • Keep the bunds, water sources and drains around the field weed-free.

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Symptoms and control measures of Cercospora leaf spot disease in okra crop

05/03/2025Posted on
Symptoms and control measures of Cercospora leaf spot disease in okra crop

This disease is caused by the fungus Cercospora malaensis. Affected plants develop angular to irregular brown spots on the leaves. In case of severe infection, these spots spread over the entire leaves and the leaves wither, due to which the affected leaves start falling soon.

Control Measures: Blue Copper (Copper Oxychloride 50% WP) @ 1 kg per acre or Indofil Z 78 (Zineb 75% WP) @ 600-800 g per acre + SilicoMaxx Gold @ 50 ml + Novamaxx (Gibberellic Acid 0. 001%) @ 300 ml per acre, mix it in 150 to 200 litres of water and spray.

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Identification and control of downy mildew disease in bottle gourd crop

04/03/2025Posted on
Identification and control of downy mildew disease in bottle gourd crop

Downy mildew in bottle gourd plants is caused due to irregularity of water and moisture content in the ground. Downy mildew is a serious disease in bottle gourd plants which is caused by the fungus PseudoPeronospora cubensis. This disease can affect plants at any growing stage. Due to this disease, brown and yellow spots appear on the leaves, later it spreads to the veins of the leaves due to which the leaves turn yellow and fall down.

Control: To prevent this disease, avoid giving excess water to the gourd plant. Avoid wetting the leaves when watering the plant. And when symptoms appear, spray Jatayu (Chlorothalonil 75% WP) @ 200 grams per acre or Novaxyl (Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP) @ 800 – 1000 grams per acre mixed with 150 to 200 litres of water.

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Appropriate time and precautions for harvesting wheat crop

03/03/2025Posted on
Appropriate time and precautions for harvesting wheat crop

In wheat crops, usually, the leaves start drying up at the time of ripening, sometimes one or two leaves may remain green and the lower part of the ear becomes golden. Also, if the grain is pressed with the thumb, milk does not come out and the grain becomes hard. Apart from this, when 25-30% moisture remains in the grains, then the crop may be harvested.

The crop should be harvested immediately after ripening, because late harvesting may lead to grain shedding in some varieties, also rats and birds can cause damage. Sometimes delay in cutting also affects the quality of wheat grain. If harvesting is not done in time, then the yield can also reduce, Because 5-10% of grains are lost due to shedding, eating by birds and rats and bad weather.

In wheat crops, before harvesting irrigation should be stopped Also it is very important to protect the crop from falling. After harvesting the bundle should be dried in the sun for 4-5 days because if the soil is mixed in with the grains at the time of harvesting the quality of produce will be affected.

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Molybdenum element is essential in the crop of green and black gram

02/03/2025Posted on
Molybdenum element is essential in the crop of green and black gram

  • Molybdenum is essential for the process of symbiotic nitrogen fixation by Rhizobium bacteria in the root nodules of pulses.

  • Molybdenum is a micronutrient that green gram and black gram crops require in very small amounts.

  • But its small quantity is also very important for the good growth of the green gram and black gram crop.

  • Molybdenum plays a very important role in chemical changes in nitrogen in green gram and black gram crops.

  • It enhances the disease resistance of plants, as well as helps in the synthesis of vitamin C and sugar in plants.

  • Due to the deficiency of Molybdenum, the crop does not develop properly.

  • Yellowing occurs on the edges of the leaves, new leaves start drying. In general, the symptoms of molybdenum deficiency are similar to those of nitrogen deficiency.

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Burning crop residue is dangerous

01/03/2025Posted on
Burning crop residue is dangerous

  • The micro-organisms and earthworms present in the soil are destroyed by burning crop residues, due to which there is an adverse effect on the fertility of the field and the physical condition of the land and chemical reactions. The land becomes hard, due to which the water holding capacity of the ground also decreases.

  • Burning of crop residue is fatal, to avoid this, farmers can use the following agricultural machines –

  • Use a straw reaper with a combined harvester, this helps in harvesting as well as collecting straw.

  • Reaper cum binder eliminates the crop residue from the root.

  • Super Seeder and Happy Seeder – After harvesting with this device, if there is moisture, then sowing can also be done.

  • Sowing can be done even at the crop residues stage with zero tillage seed cum fertilizer drill.

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