Tip of the day – Page 125

Information and characteristics of improved varieties of mustard

The percentage of oil content is higher in certified varieties, so sowing of certified varieties is more beneficial, certified varieties of mustard are follows
Pitambari (RYSK-05-02): – It is a hybrid variety of mustard, with a total yield of 614 kg/acre and early maturing variety (110-115 days).
Pusa Mustard 27 (EJ 17): – It is a hybrid variety of mustard, with a total yield of 575-660 kg/acre and it has an oil percentage of 40-45%, suitable for planting irrigated variety and mixed crops.
LET-43 (PM30): – This is a hybrid variety of mustard, with a total yield of 625-895 kg/acre and oil percentage is 36-39.4% and uric acid is found in small amounts.

Mustard is a major oilseed crop, production can be increased if certified varieties are selected for sowing. Certified varieties of mustard are as follow
RGN-73: – It is a hybrid variety of mustard and has a total yield of 802 kg/acre and contains 40% oil percentage, fully irrigated, and favorable for growing in cold weather.
NRC HB 101: – It is a hybrid variety of mustard, with a total yield of 550-600 kg/acre and has an oil percentage of 35-42%, fully irrigated and suitable for late sowing.
NRCHB506 (hybrid): – It is a hybrid variety of mustard and has a total yield of 600-1000 kg/acre and oil percentage is 39-43%, fully irrigated, and more adapted.

Spray management is very important within twenty days of onion nursery sowing.
This spray is used for fungal diseases, control of insects and good growth of onion nursery.
Onion nursery gets a good start with the help of this spray.
Spray MANCOZEB 64%+ METALAXYL 8% WP @60 gram/pump for fungal diseases.
For pest management, FIPRONIL 40 % + IMIDACLOPRID 40 % WG@ 5 gram / pump.

Nitrogen is found in soil in both organic and abiotic forms
Nitrogen is found 95% in soil, but still, nitrogen deficiency is found in very large amounts in the soil.
Nitrogen found in soil is in the organic form which cannot be used by soil and crop.
Soil and crops use only inorganic forms of nitrogen.
Some of the nitrogen-rich sources are ammonium nitrate (NO3), ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, calcium ammonium nitrate, urea, urea ammonium nitrate. These are all types of inorganic nitrogen.
Whenever soil or crop requires it, it dissolves in the soil giving great benefits to plants and also improving soil structure.

Homobrassinolide is a very beneficial product for the crop. It helps to increase the stress tolerance of the plant,
Stress tolerant crops yield more.
Homobrassinolide is very helpful in increasing the number of seeds, the weight of seeds, it also helps in increasing the yield per plant.
Homobrassinolide promotes metabolic activity through enzyme and protein synthesis
Homobrassinolide promotes photosynthesis and helps in accelerating the production of food in the plant.
Homobrassinolide is used as spraying in the pre-flowering stage.

Seed treatment in Rabi crops is done as follows
Spread the dried or liquid form of the insecticide and fungicide on a pot or a polythene sheet and spread & mix it well on the seeds. In this type of treatment, make sure that the chemicals stick to the seeds properly.
The second method of seed treatment is to treat the seeds by mixing the chemicals with a sticking agent and that mixture sticks on the seeds
It is very important to take some precautions while doing seed treatment.
In treatment, firstly use fungicide and then use insecticide and lastly use any biological product like (PSB / Rhizobium).
Use only the recommended quantity of insecticide, fungicide. Use treated seeds on the same day of sowing.
Do not store seeds after treatment.
Use water as required to coat the chemical on the required quantity of seeds.

As it is a tuber crop potato requires more nutrients for good production thus consuming a lot of nutrients.
Therefore, fertilizer management at the appropriate time, and the appropriate amount is very important for plant growth and high production.
For nutrition at the time of sowing: – We used DAP, Potash, and SSP at the time of soil preparation, and at the time of sowing we use urea (with SSP) @ 60 kg/acre + urea (without SSP) @ 45 kg/acre
With all these nutrients use Gramophone offering “Potato samriddhi Kit” for potato crop nutrition management
This kit is used as a soil treatment to increase fertility and to eliminate the most harmful fungi found in soil.

Just as nutrition management is important at the time of sowing of Peas in the same way nutrition management should be done in 15 days of sowing.
Nutrition management in 15 days of sowing gives a very good head start to the pea crop.
This nutrition management provide pea crop immunity against fungal borne disease and nutritional deficiency
For the management of nutrition, use sulfur 90% @ 5 kg/acre + zinc sulfate @ 5 kg/acre.
There should be sufficient moisture in the field at the time of nutrition management.

Okra crops can be grown in all types of soil.
Before sowing okra, plow the field well.
In okra, nutritional management is done in two ways at the time of sowing 1. Chemical 2. Biological
Chemical Management: – Broadcast DAP @ 75 kg / acre + MOP @ 30 kg / acre.
Biological treatment: – Trichoderma viride @ 500 gram / acre + NPK bacteria @ 100 gram / acre + seaweed, amino acid humic acid , mycorrhiza @ 2 kg / acre + zinc solubilizing bacteria @ 100 gram / acre as soil treatment.

Similar to soil treatment, seed treatment is also very important before sowing.
Treating seeds ensures controlled seed-borne diseases and quality germination. Seed treatment is done by two methods.
Chemical treatment: – Before sowing, treat okra seeds with CARBENDAZIM 12% + MANCOZEB 63% WS @ 3 ml / kg seed
For insect control or IMIDACLOPRID 48% FS @ 4 ml / kg seed or THIAMETHOXAM 30% FS@ 4 ml / kg seed
Biological treatment: -TRICHODERMA VIRIDE @ 5 gram / kg + PSB @ 2 gram / or PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS @ 5 gram / kg seeds.
The seeds should always be planted after full treatment and at the time of sowing, there should be enough moisture in the soil.