Use of Makkhan grass

27/03/2019Posted on
  • Makkhan grass is highly nutritional crop and they can be harvested many times.
  • By feeding makkhan grass to milch animals, milk production improves, and milk is also improved in solid forming of milk such as butter.
  • Makkhan grass is highly juicy and more delicious grass.

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Post Calving Challenges In Milk Cattles

30/11/2018Posted on

Post Calving Challenges:-

  • Reduced Dry Matter intake:- Before and during calving, cows do not eat or drink, But during calving cow can lose up to 50 Litre of water and electrolytes due to this, cow becomes inactive and reduces dry matter intake.
  • Rapid increase in calcium demand:- Colostrum and milk contains large quantities of calcium, so after Calvin demand increases.
  • Negative Energy Balance:- After Calving most of cows enter into a state of negative energy balance.

For Quick Recovery :

  • Transmix helps to reduce chances of metabolic disorders like milk fever and ketosis.
  • Transmix eases the calving stress.
  • Transmix wanes the chances of retained placenta and metritis.
  • Transmix helps to improve immunity.
  • Transmix optimizes milk production.

Dosage of Transmix:  

  • Drench 500ml after parturition and repeat the same quantity 48-72 hours after first drench.

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Vaccination For Dairy Animals

17/11/2018Posted on

Vaccination For Dairy Animals:-

Sl. No Name of Disease Age at first dose Booster dose Subsequent dose
1 Foot and Mouth

Disease (FMD)

 4 months and  above 1 month after first dose Six monthly
2 Haemorrhagic

Septicaemia (HS)

 6 months and  above – Annually in endemic areas.
3 Black Quarter (BQ) 6 months and  above – Annually in endemic areas.
4 Brucellosis 4-8 months of age

(Only female calves)

 – Once in a lifetime
5 Theileriosis 3 months of age and above – Once in a lifetime. Only required for crossbred and exotic cattle.
6 Anthrax 4 months and  above – Annually in endemic areas.
7 IBR 3 months and  above 1 month after first dose Six monthly (vaccine presently not produced in India)
8 Rabies (Post bite therapy only) Immediately after suspected bite. 4th day 7,14,28 and 90 (optional) days after first dose.

Source : NDDB Handbook of Good Dairy Husbandry Practices

Points to be noted

  • Animals should be in good health at the time of vaccination. Do not vaccinate animals which are already in stress (Like bad weather, Scarcity of fodder & water, Disease outbreaks, after transportation etc.)
  • Try to deworm animals & remove ecto-parasites one to two weeks prior to vaccination.
  • Strictly follow vaccination schedule after consultation with veterinary experts.
  • Keep records of vaccination for name of vaccine manufacturing company, Batch number, Expiry date, Dose & route of vaccine.
  • Maintain cold chain for vaccines which may have to keep for 2-8 degree Celsius temperature.
  • Create stress free environment for animals after vaccination.

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Prevention/Control/Treatment of Mastitis

14/11/2018Posted on

Prevention/Control/Treatment of Mastitis:-

Prevention:-

  • A good milking routine is vital.

 

  • This usually consists of applying a pre-milking teat dip or spray, such as an iodine spray, and wiping teats dry prior to milking.
  • The milking machine is then applied.
  • After milking, the teats can be cleaned again to remove any growth medium for bacteria.
  • A post-milking product such as iodine-propylene glycol dip is used as a disinfectant and a barrier between the open teat and the bacteria in the air.
  • Mastitis can occur after milking because the teat holes close after 15 minutes if the animal sits in a dirty place with feces and urine

    Control

  • Practices such as good nutrition, proper milking hygiene, and the culling of chronically infected cows can help.
  • Ensuring that cows have clean, dry bedding decreases the risk of infection and transmission.
  • Dairy workers should wear rubber gloves while milking, and machines should be cleaned regularly to decrease the incidence of transmission.

    Treatment

  • Treatment is possible with long-acting antibiotics, but milk from such cows is not marketable until drug residues have left the cow’s system.
  • Antibiotics may be systemic (injected into the body), or they may be forced upwards into the teat through the teat canal (intramammary infusion).
  • Cows being treated may be marked with tape to alert dairy workers, and their milk is syphoned off and discarded.
  • To determine whether the levels of antibiotic residuals are within regulatory requirements, special tests exist.
  • Vaccinations for mastitis are available, but as they only reduce the severity of the condition, and cannot prevent recurring infections, they should be used in conjunction with a mastitis prevention program.  

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Mastitis Disease in Dairy Cattle

13/11/2018Posted on

Mastitis Disease in Dairy Cattle:-

  • This disease can be identified by abnormalities in the udder such as swelling, heat, redness, hardness, or pain (if it is clinical). Other indications of mastitis may be abnormalities in milk such as a watery appearance, flakes, or clots. When infected with sub-clinical mastitis, a cow does not show any visible signs of infection or abnormalities in milk or on the udder.
  • Cattle affected by mastitis can be detected by examining the udder for inflammation and swelling, or by observing the consistency of the milk, which will often develop clots or change color when a cow is infected.

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Caring of Dairy Cow after Calving

09/10/2018Posted on

Caring of Dairy Cow after Calving:-

After calving is a critical period for dairy cows!

There is high demand of energy and nutrients on the body of the animal to synthesize colostrum and milk. At the same time there is decrease in feed intake which leads to negative energy balance (NEB) and micro-nutrient deficiencies.

Therefore, just after calving it’s important to take good care of cows for better health, milk production and reproduction. Some key points to take care of fresh cows are:

  • Monitor cows frequently to make sure that they are free from metabolic diseases like milk fever and ketosis.

(Some signs of Milk fever are tremors, ear twitching, dullness, dry muzzle, low body temperature and recumbency, bloat and loss of consciousness.)

(Sweet smelling breath and urine, fever, weight loss etc. indicate towards ketosis)

  • Do not house fresh cows with sick cows
  • Maintain a clean environment to prevent mastitis (fresh cows are prone to mastitis)
  • Minimize stress to the cows. Keep them sheltered from extreme heat/cold and rains. Also keep the other animals like dog/cat/any other aggressive animal away from the fresh cow.
  • Provide constant amount of fresh feed with appropriate feed additives/supplements to provide nutrients and encourage feed intake.
  • Also, it’s important to ensure that they are consuming the feed, not sorting, and chewing their cud.

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