Nutrient Management in Maize
How to do nutrition management in cotton and know its benefits
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Cotton crop is the main crop of Kharif and this crop is very expensive, so it is very important to get a good yield, for good yield, it is very necessary to do fertilizer or nutrition management in the cotton crop.
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Nutritional management in cotton is done at 40-45 days after sowing or in the second growth stage after germination, for this the following products are used
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Apply urea @ 40 kg/acre + MOP @ 30 kg/ acre + magnesium sulphate @ 10 kg/ acre.
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Urea: Urea is the biggest source of nitrogen supply in cotton crop, its use does not cause problems like yellowing and drying of leaves, urea accelerates the process of photosynthesis.
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MOP (Potash): Potash is an essential nutrient for cotton. Potash plays a very important role in transporting the synthesized sugars in all parts of the cotton plant. Potash promotes the efficiency of natural nitrogen.
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Magnesium Sulphate: Application of Magnesium Sulphate in cotton crop increases greenery in cotton crop and accelerates the process of photosynthesis, ultimately leading to higher yield and quality of crop
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How to do plant treatment in chilli nursery and its benefits
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As all farmers know that the chilli crop is sown in the nursery after completion of chilli stage in the nursery, chilli is transplanted in the main field.
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Planting method of chilli seedlings: After 35 to 40 days of sowing, the chilli plant is ready for transplanting. The appropriate planting time is from mid-June to mid-July. Before transplanting, light irrigation should be done in the nursery. By doing this the root of the plant does not damage, the growth is good and the plant gets planted easily. After removing the plant from the field, it should not be kept directly in the sun.
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Seedling treatment: It is very important to treat the chilli seedlings before transplanting from the nursery to the field. Therefore, for the good growth of roots, make a solution of 5 grams of mycorrhiza in one liter of water. After this, the roots of chili plants should be dipped into the solution for 10 minutes. Planting should be done in the field only after adopting this process. Light irrigation should be given to the field immediately after transplanting. The distance from the row to row chili should be 60 cm and the distance from plant to plant should be 45 cm.
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Treating plants with mycorrhiza does not cause problems such as plant rotting and helps chilli plants grow well after transplanting to the main field.
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How to manage weed in cotton crop
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There are several types of weed outbreaks in cotton. Its attack is more after the first monsoon rain.
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Common weeds grown in cotton such as Congress grass, (Bermuda grass), Motha, Sanwa, Bathua etc.
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Weeds compete with the cotton crop for air, water and nutrients and hinder the growth of the crop.
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The following herbicide are used to control them.
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Pyrithiobac sodium 10% EC + quizalofop ethyl 5% EC @ 400 ml/acre 1-3 days after the first rains or 3-5 days after spraying.
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Quizalofop ethyl 5% EC @ 400 ml/acre or PropQuizfop 10% EC @ 400 ml/acre for narrow leaf.
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Using herbicide can save cotton crop from the damage.
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White grub pest outbreak in crops
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Identification: White grubs are white coloured insects that live as grubs in a field their dormancy period is in the winter.
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Symptoms of damage: Usually, they initially damage plant roots. Symptoms of white grub can be seen on the plant, such as a complete withering of the plant or stunting of the plant and later the plant dying is the main symptom.
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Management: For control of this insect , in the months of June and July, use Metarhizium culture [kalichakra] along with FYM (2 kg + 50-75 kg) per acre for control of white grub. Chemical treatment can also be done. For this, use FENPROPATHRIN 10 % EC [Danitol] @ 500 ml / acre, Clothianidin 50.00% WG @ [Dantotsu] 100 gm / acre as soil mix.
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Identification and prevention of Alternaria leaf spot in Brinjal
It is a serious disease of brinjal, due to which infection causes spots on the leaves. When the infection spreads more, the spots become irregularly shaped and merge and the affected leaves turn yellow and fall after some time. After the leaves, this disease gradually infects the fruits as well, causing the fruits to turn yellow and fall prematurely.
Control: To prevent the disease, crop residues, weeds, infested fruits etc. should be collected and burnt. If infestation is observed, spray M-45 (Mancozeb 75% WP) @ 400 gm/Acre or Blue Copper (Copper Oxychloride 50% WP) @ 300 gm/Acre mixed in 200 litres of water.
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Symptoms of Magnesium deficiency in Moong
Due to a lack of magnesium, the leaves of the plant turn yellow, but the veins remain green. The older leaves of the plant begin to fall. In some plants, the edges of the leaves begin to curl upwards. Plant growth and root development are reduced. Brown or black spots may appear on plants suffering from magnesium deficiency. Eventually, The plant withers and the twigs become weak and become sensitive to fungal diseases. Immature leaves fall off. The micronutrient magnesium is a main component of chlorophyll in plant leaves. Crops require very small amounts of magnesium nutrients. Magnesium plays little to no role in plant growth and development. But its deficiency makes more difference in the quality of fruits, flowers and grains. This is the reason that its deficiency is visible in the standing crop of moong. Know the level of magnesium through a soil test. Then apply the amount of magnesium to the crops, based on the results of the soil test.
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Whitefly infestation and control measures in tomatoes
This fly is white in colour, both its nymphs and adults suck the sap from the soft parts of the plant, which weakens the plant and it also works to spread viral diseases. Whiteflies leave a sticky substance on the part of the plant from where they suck the sap, due to which black mold appears there. Due to this the process of photosynthesis in the plant is disrupted. These insects stick to the lower surface of the leaves.
Control: To control it, apply Neemgold neem oil 1000 ml/acre or Bave Curb (Beauveria bassiana 5% WP) 500 gm/acre or ThiaNova (Thiamethoxam 25% WG) 80 gm/acre or Admire (Imidacloprid 70% WG) 30 gm/acre. Mix it in 200 litres of water and spray it.
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Control of leaf miner in watermelon
Leaf miners are very small insects, which go inside the leaves and make tunnels, due to which white stripes appear on the upper surface of the leaves, due to which serpentine tunnels appear on the leaves. Photosynthesis slows down in leaves affected by leaf miner, and after some time the leaves become weak and fall off.
Control: Destroy the affected leaves by separating them from the plants. To prevent this, spray Neemgold neem oil @ 1000 ml/acre or Bave Curv (Beauveria bassiana 5% WP) @ 500 gm/acre mixed in 200 litres of water.
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Measures to control Pod Borer in Moong
Pod borer insects eat soft leaves, fruits, flowers and beans. This insect mainly enters inside the pods when grain formation starts and starts causing harm. Due to the outbreak of this pest, grains are not formed in the beans. In case of heavy infestation, the plants and leaves dry up. The growth of the plants stops. Due to this, there is a heavy loss in yield.
Control: To control this pest, spray Bave curb (Beauveria bassiana 5% WP) 500 gm/acre or Phoskill (Monocrotophos 36% SL) 200 ml/acre mixed in 200 litres of water.
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