Tip of the day – Page 29

Benefits of Beauveria bassiana in crops

12/02/2024 Monday February 12th, 2024

Beauveria bassiana is a biological insecticide based on fungi. This fungus is found naturally in most parts of the world. Also, the spores of this fungus germinate as soon as they come in contact with the skin of the insect, and spread on the body of the insect, due to which the fungus spreads throughout the body of the insect and within 48 to 72 hours the insect dies.

Beauveria bassiana is also effective in high humidity and low temperature. It is beneficial for the prevention of pests like pod borer, leaf folder, leaf-eating insects, sucking insects, termites in the soil and white grub etc. in different types of crops and vegetables. Also, it controls the pest caused by fungus.

Method of use:

For soil application, 1 kg per acre mixed with about 75 kg of FYM should be used at the time of the last ploughing.
If pest infestation is seen in the standing crop, then spray at the rate of 250-500 grams per acre mixed with 150-200 litres of water.
Chemical fungicides should not be used before and after the use of Beauveria bassiana.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share.

Damage and control of pod borer in chilli

11/02/2024 Sunday February 11th, 2024

It is a polyphagous insect. Larvae of this pest often damage the crop by making holes in the fruit. In the initial stage, the young larvae feed on flower buds and fruits by making circular holes. Later, this larva eats the fruit from the inside by putting its head inside it. As the infection progresses, the fruits rot and fall down.

Control: To control this pest, apply Emanova (Emamectin Benzoate 5% SC) @ 80 ml per acre or Cover (Chlorantraniliprole 18. 50 % SC) @ 60 ml per acre along with Bave Curb (Beauveria bassiana) @ 250 gm per acre. Spray in 150-200 litres of water.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share.

Symptoms and control of blossom end rot in watermelon crop

10/02/2024 Sunday February 11th, 2024

Blossom end rot is caused due to calcium deficiency in the plant. When these symptoms appear, it may be that there is not enough calcium in the soil or calcium is present but the plant roots can not absorb it. In this disease, a dark brown or black spot appears at the end of the fruit, which later dries up or becomes leathery. It is light green in the initial stage but turns brown and black as the fruit matures.

Control: To control it, spray Chelated Calcium @ 1 – 2 g per litre of water, or YaraLiva Calcinate (Calcium Nitrate) @ 0.5 – 1.25 kg per acre per day through a drip for one week. Along with this, maintain sufficient moisture in the field continuously.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share.

The yield will not be harmed by these precautions at the time of potato digging

09/02/2024 Friday February 9th, 2024

Potato digging is mostly done from February to the second week of March. Proper management of digging is very important in potato crops so that there is minimum damage to potato tubers. Potato tubers are often scratched on the top during digging, which increases the chances of spoilage during storage.

Precautions:

Digging of potatoes should be done after 80 to 90 days of sowing when the crop becomes mature, and the leaves of the plants turn yellow.
Digging should be done before the temperature reaches about 30 degrees centigrade.
While digging, the weather must be dry.
Irrigation should be stopped 2 weeks before digging.
After digging, potato tubers should be kept in the open air for a few days, so that the skins of the tubers will harden.
If some tubers have been cut while digging, then the cut tubers should be removed during sorting.
Do not dry potato tubers in the sun, if the tubers are dried in the sun then their storage capacity will be affected.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share.

Benefits and types of plastic mulching

08/02/2024 Thursday February 8th, 2024

Plastic mulching is the process of systematically covering the soil around the plants with a plastic film.

Benefits of plastic mulching:

Due to plastic mulching, the moisture in the soil remains for a long time and due to this water is also saved.
Mulching also helps in controlling the temperature of the soil.
There is less chance of weed growth in the crop and good root growth.
It also helps in protecting crops from frost.
This does not cause soil erosion, as well as it helps in keeping the soil friable and soft.
There is an increase in production, as well as an improvement in the quality of the product.

Types of plastic mulching:

Black Mulching: This mulching is mostly used for weed control in horticulture crops. Due to its black colour, sunlight does not enter the soil, due to which photosynthesis of weeds does not take place and their growth stops under the mulch.

Blue Mulching: Blue-colored mulch works to control the outbreak of aphids and thrips in crops. More fruits are obtained in cucurbitaceous crops.

Transparent Mulching: This type of mulching is mostly used for the solar treatment of soil. Also, it can be used for the cultivation of vegetables in the winter season.

The thickness of Plastic Mulching: Decide the thickness of the mulch film according to the type and age of the crop. The thickness of the mulch should complete the life cycle of the crop. Mulch thickness should be 25 microns in most vegetable crops and 100 microns in fruit crops.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share.

Symptoms and control of bacterial leaf spot disease in tomato

07/02/2024 Wednesday February 7th, 2024

The bacteria of this disease are most active when there is moisture and light rain in the environment or in high humidity. Small, brown, water-soaked, circular spots with yellow circles appear on the leaves of affected plants. Older leaves start falling off and small, water-soaked spots appear on green fruits. The centre of these spots becomes irregular, light brown and with a scaly surface.

Control: To control this disease, spray Streptocycline (Streptomycin Sulphate 90% + Tetracycline Hydrochloride 10% SP) @ 20-24 gm per acre mixed with 150-200 litres of water as soon as the outbreak of the disease is observed.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share it with friends.

Symptoms and control of Diamond back moth in cabbage crop

06/02/2024 Monday February 5th, 2024

Cruciferous vegetables are badly damaged by this pest, especially in the late sown crop in the month of February.

Symptoms: The moths of this pest are more active during the night and lay yellow-coloured eggs near the middle vein on the lower surface of the leaves. And the caterpillar of this insect is harmful, which is greenish-yellow in the initial stage and later becomes like the colour of the leaves. And larva initially scratches the lower surface of the leaves due to which white spots are formed on the leaves, and in a later stage, larvae damage the leaves by piercing them.

Control: For monitoring and control of diamondback moths, apply DBM Lure @ 10 traps per acre in the field. And if the infestation is observed, spray Emanova (Emamectin Benzoate 5% SC) @ 60-80 ml per acre or Cover (Chlorantraniliprole 18.50% SC) @ 20 ml per acre mixed with 150 – 200 litres of water.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to like and share.

Symptoms and control of downy mildew disease in cabbage crop

05/02/2024 Monday February 5th, 2024

Symptoms of Downy mildew disease: The disease causes purple spots on the lower surface of the leaves, while on the upper surface, yellow or brown spots and hairy fungal growth are found, as well as black to brown spots or streaks on the stems. Cauliflower curd turns black both inside and outside. In the severe form of this disease, the entire plant is destroyed.

Control Measures: To control the disease, spray Novaxyl @ (Metalaxyl 8%+ Mancozeb 64% WP) @ 60 gm, Silicomaxx Gold @ 5 ml, Novamaxx (Gibberellic Acid 0.001% L) @ 30 ml per 15 litres of water.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share it with friends.

How Pseudomonas fluorescens is a beneficial bacteria

04/02/2024 Monday February 5th, 2024

Pseudomonas fluorescens is a friendly bacterium that helps to prevent bacterial and fungal diseases that spread through the soil and air. At the same time, it also produces growth elements in plants, which helps the plant to grow and results in yield. It acts as an intra-body(Systemic) bio-control.

When Pseudomonas fluorescens is sprayed, it produces some secondary metabolites such as gibberellic, Auxins, which help the plant to remain green, and also increase resistance against stress, and disease in the plant.

We can use it through the soil application, spray, and seed process. It effectively controls diseases like root rot, stem rot, damping off, wilt, red rot, bacterial blight, etc. in the different types of crops, fruits & vegetables.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share it with friends.

Symptoms of Micronutrient Deficiency in Onions

03/02/2024 Saturday February 3rd, 2024

In onion crops apart from nitrogen, phosphorus and potash, micronutrients are also essential, and their deficiency results in production and productivity. For example, pungency in onions is due to an element called allyl propyl disulphide. In order to increase this pungency and increase production, sulfur is required in onions.

Sulphur: All leaves young and old appear uniformly yellow, Also, in plants deficient in sulphur, the leaves lose their green color.

Manganese: The veins of the leaves turn yellow and start burning, the color of the leaves fades and they start turning upwards. Crop growth is stunted, onion bulb formation is delayed and the upper part (neck) of the bulb becomes thick.

Copper: Proper amount of copper is necessary for the development of the upper cover of bulb in onion crop. Copper deficiency causes young leaves to turn white at the tip and curl into a spiral, or curl to the right side of the plant, as well as softening of the tuber sheath, becoming pale yellow and thin.

Calcium: Calcium is an important nutrient for crop growth and storage quality. Due to its deficiency, the new leaves start drying suddenly without turning yellow, as well as the leaves become very narrow.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share it with friends.

Method of use:

For soil application, 1 kg per acre mixed with about 75 kg of FYM should be used at the time of the last ploughing.

If pest infestation is seen in the standing crop, then spray at the rate of 250-500 grams per acre mixed with 150-200 litres of water.

Chemical fungicides should not be used before and after the use of Beauveria bassiana.

Control: To control this pest, apply Emanova (Emamectin Benzoate 5% SC) @ 80 ml per acre or Cover (Chlorantraniliprole 18. 50 % SC) @ 60 ml per acre along with Bave Curb (Beauveria bassiana) @ 250 gm per acre. Spray in 150-200 litres of water.

Control: To control it, spray Chelated Calcium @ 1 – 2 g per litre of water, or YaraLiva Calcinate (Calcium Nitrate) @ 0.5 – 1.25 kg per acre per day through a drip for one week. Along with this, maintain sufficient moisture in the field continuously.

Precautions:

Digging of potatoes should be done after 80 to 90 days of sowing when the crop becomes mature, and the leaves of the plants turn yellow.

Digging should be done before the temperature reaches about 30 degrees centigrade.

While digging, the weather must be dry.

Irrigation should be stopped 2 weeks before digging.

After digging, potato tubers should be kept in the open air for a few days, so that the skins of the tubers will harden.

If some tubers have been cut while digging, then the cut tubers should be removed during sorting.

Do not dry potato tubers in the sun, if the tubers are dried in the sun then their storage capacity will be affected.

Plastic mulching is the process of systematically covering the soil around the plants with a plastic film.

Benefits of plastic mulching:

Due to plastic mulching, the moisture in the soil remains for a long time and due to this water is also saved.

Mulching also helps in controlling the temperature of the soil.

There is less chance of weed growth in the crop and good root growth.

It also helps in protecting crops from frost.

This does not cause soil erosion, as well as it helps in keeping the soil friable and soft.

There is an increase in production, as well as an improvement in the quality of the product.

Types of plastic mulching:

Black Mulching: This mulching is mostly used for weed control in horticulture crops. Due to its black colour, sunlight does not enter the soil, due to which photosynthesis of weeds does not take place and their growth stops under the mulch.

Blue Mulching: Blue-colored mulch works to control the outbreak of aphids and thrips in crops. More fruits are obtained in cucurbitaceous crops.

Transparent Mulching: This type of mulching is mostly used for the solar treatment of soil. Also, it can be used for the cultivation of vegetables in the winter season.

The thickness of Plastic Mulching: Decide the thickness of the mulch film according to the type and age of the crop. The thickness of the mulch should complete the life cycle of the crop. Mulch thickness should be 25 microns in most vegetable crops and 100 microns in fruit crops.

Control: To control this disease, spray Streptocycline (Streptomycin Sulphate 90% + Tetracycline Hydrochloride 10% SP) @ 20-24 gm per acre mixed with 150-200 litres of water as soon as the outbreak of the disease is observed.

Cruciferous vegetables are badly damaged by this pest, especially in the late sown crop in the month of February.

Control Measures: To control the disease, spray Novaxyl @ (Metalaxyl 8%+ Mancozeb 64% WP) @ 60 gm, Silicomaxx Gold @ 5 ml, Novamaxx (Gibberellic Acid 0.001% L) @ 30 ml per 15 litres of water.

Pseudomonas fluorescens is a friendly bacterium that helps to prevent bacterial and fungal diseases that spread through the soil and air. At the same time, it also produces growth elements in plants, which helps the plant to grow and results in yield. It acts as an intra-body(Systemic) bio-control.

When Pseudomonas fluorescens is sprayed, it produces some secondary metabolites such as gibberellic, Auxins, which help the plant to remain green, and also increase resistance against stress, and disease in the plant.

We can use it through the soil application, spray, and seed process. It effectively controls diseases like root rot, stem rot, damping off, wilt, red rot, bacterial blight, etc. in the different types of crops, fruits & vegetables.

Sulphur: All leaves young and old appear uniformly yellow, Also, in plants deficient in sulphur, the leaves lose their green color.

Manganese: The veins of the leaves turn yellow and start burning, the color of the leaves fades and they start turning upwards. Crop growth is stunted, onion bulb formation is delayed and the upper part (neck) of the bulb becomes thick.

Calcium: Calcium is an important nutrient for crop growth and storage quality. Due to its deficiency, the new leaves start drying suddenly without turning yellow, as well as the leaves become very narrow.