Benefits of seed treatment before sowing in paddy nursery

12/06/2024Posted on
Benefits of seed treatment before sowing in paddy nursery

Seed treatment is a process in which seeds are treated with chemicals, biochemicals or heat to protect the crop from diseases and pests. Seed treatment is used to prevent the entry of pathogens (fungi, bacteria, etc.) into the seed, either internally or externally. Due to treatment of seeds, unseen fungus remains in the upper and inner layers of the seeds, which spoils the seeds, along with affecting the germination capacity of the seeds by going into the soil.

Seed treatment improves seed germination and prevents the spread of crop diseases. Controls soil-borne diseases and pests. Seed treatment protects seeds and plants from many soil-borne pests, which can prevent seeds from rotting and seedling scorching. Seed treatment should be done before sowing the paddy seeds. For this, treat with Combat (Trichoderma viride) 8 g/kg seed or Dhanustin (Carbendazim 50% WP) 2.5 g/kg seed or Vitavax Power (Carboxin 37.5%+ Thiram 37.5% WS)- 2.5 g/kg seed. In case of bacterial blight, mix 4 grams of streptocycline or 40 grams of Plantomycin with 25 kg of seeds and soak them overnight, and  sow the  seeds after draining out excess water.

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Preparation and management of field for paddy nursery

11/06/2024Posted on
Preparation and management of field for paddy nursery

Loamy soil with proper drainage and high nutrients is suitable for nursery preparation, and there should be proper arrangement of irrigation. After every ploughing, apply leveler, so that the clods are broken and the soil becomes friable and level.

While preparing paddy nursery, it is very important to use proper amount of manure and fertilizers. Due to not using the right amount of fertilizers, there is a deficiency of nutrients in the paddy plants, and the development of the plant is not done properly.

While preparing the nursery, first of all make the soil friable by ploughing. After this, prepare 1.25 m wide and 8 m long beds.

For good plant growth, 2-3 kg urea, 3 kgs single super phosphate, 1 kg potash, 10 kg farmyard manure and 1 kg Tri-code max should be used per 100 square meters in paddy nursery. Water is very much needed for good germination of plants. Sufficient moisture should be kept in the beds. Seed treatment should be done before sowing the paddy seeds. For this, treat with Combat (Trichoderma viride) 8 g/kg seed or Dhanustin (Carbendazim 50% WP) 2.5 g/kg seed or Vitavax Power (Carboxin 37.5%+ Thiram 37.5% WS)- 2.5 g/kg seed.

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Adopt Trichoderma for soil-borne disease management

10/06/2024Posted on
Adopt Trichoderma for soil-borne disease management

It is an organic fungicide, which kills many types of pathogens, thereby protecting crops from diseases like root rot, stem rot, wilt and Damping off. Trichoderma can be used in all types of crops. Trichoderma can be used for seed treatment, soil treatment, root treatment and drenching. For seed treatment, 5-10 g Trichoderma per kg of seed is used. This seed treatment is done before sowing. For the treatment of roots, prepare a solution by mixing 10 kg of well rotten farmyard manure and 100 liters of water, then mix 1 kg of Trichoderma powder in it and prepare a mixture of all three, In this mixture, the roots of the plants can be treated by immersing them for 10 minutes before transplanting.

For soil treatment, Trichoderma powder at the rate of 2 kg per acre is mixed with well decomposed farmyard manure and mixed in the field. To use in standing crops, mix 10 grams of Trichoderma powder in one liter of water and drench it in the soil near the stem area.

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Importance of Nitrogen for plants

09/06/2024Posted on
Importance of Nitrogen for plants

Nitrogen is an important source of proteins. Nitrogen is an important part of chlorophyll which is essential for photosynthesis. Nitrogen increases the vegetative growth of the plant and provides dark green color. Nitrogen increases the initial growth of the plant.

Possibilities of nitrogen deficiency in the soil: –

  • Soils with low levels of organic carbon.

  • In light textured sandy soils that are highly eroded by rainfall or irrigation.

  • In an intensive farming system of cereal crops.

  • In waterlogged condition.

Symptoms of Nitrogen Deficiency in Plants:-

Appear on older leaves of the plant. The growth of nitrogen deficient plants is stunted, and the plants appear thin and small in size. In cereal crops, the tillers are reduced to a great extent. The leaves start turning yellow from the tip. These effects are first visible on old leaves, then later on young leaves also appear.

Management of Nitrogen: –

Get soil test done to ensure the availability of nitrogen in the soil.  On the basis of the test, apply recommended nitrogen at the time of sowing with the help of manure and organic fertilizers. Broadcast urea as per requirement in the standing crop.

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Nutrient Management in Maize

08/06/2024Posted on
Nutrient Management in Maize

Maize is primarily a kharif season crop, but due to its growing demand in the market and availability of all-weather varieties, it is now being cultivated in all three seasons.

Nutrient management in crops varies according to season, climate and variety. Apart from this, it is necessary to do nutrient management in the crop on the basis of the soil test. Mix 5 tons of well-composted farmyard manure per acre at the time of field preparation about 10 -15 days before sowing in maize. At the time of soil preparation, apply 50 kg DAP, 50 kg Muriate of Potash, Gromor (Sulphur 90% WG) @ 3 kg per acre in the field.

Zinc is an important nutrient for high production in maize. To fulfill this, use 3-4 kg of zinc per acre.

Keep this in mind! Do not use zinc with any type of phosphorus-containing fertilizer. It reduces the availability of zinc in the crop.

On the other hand, when there is a deficiency of Boron in the soil, the application of 500 grams of Boron per acre is sufficient for the field.

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How to do nutrition management in cotton and know its benefits

07/06/2024Posted on
How to do nutrition management in cotton and know its benefits

  • Cotton crop is the main crop of Kharif and this crop is very expensive, so it is very important to get a good yield, for good yield, it is very necessary to do fertilizer or nutrition management in the cotton crop.

  • Nutritional management in cotton is done at 40-45 days after sowing or in the second growth stage after germination, for this the following products are used

  • Apply urea @ 40 kg/acre + MOP @ 30 kg/ acre + magnesium sulphate @ 10 kg/ acre.

  • Urea: Urea is the biggest source of nitrogen supply in cotton crop, its use does not cause problems like yellowing and drying of leaves, urea accelerates the process of photosynthesis.

  • MOP (Potash): Potash is an essential nutrient for cotton. Potash plays a very important role in transporting the synthesized sugars in all parts of the cotton plant. Potash promotes the efficiency of natural nitrogen.

  • Magnesium Sulphate: Application of Magnesium Sulphate in cotton crop increases greenery in cotton crop and accelerates the process of photosynthesis, ultimately leading to higher yield and quality of crop

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How to do plant treatment in chilli nursery and its benefits

06/06/2024Posted on
How to do plant treatment in chilli nursery and its benefits

  • As all farmers know that the chilli crop is sown in the nursery after completion of chilli stage in the nursery, chilli is transplanted in the main field.

  • Planting method of chilli seedlings: After 35 to 40 days of sowing, the chilli plant is ready for transplanting. The appropriate planting time is from mid-June to mid-July. Before transplanting, light irrigation should be done in the nursery. By doing this the root of the plant does not damage, the growth is good and the plant gets planted easily. After removing the plant from the field, it should not be kept directly in the sun.

  • Seedling treatment: It is very important to treat the chilli seedlings before transplanting  from the nursery to the field. Therefore, for the good growth of roots, make a solution of 5 grams of mycorrhiza in one liter of water. After this, the roots of chili plants should be dipped into the solution for 10 minutes. Planting should be done in the field only after adopting this process. Light irrigation should be given to the field immediately after transplanting. The distance from the row to row chili   should be 60 cm and the distance from plant to plant should be 45 cm.

  • Treating plants with mycorrhiza does not cause problems such as plant rotting and helps chilli plants grow well after transplanting to the main field.

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How to manage weed in cotton crop

05/06/2024Posted on
How to manage weed in 1-3 days of sowing in cotton crop

  • There are several types of weed outbreaks in cotton. Its attack is more after the first monsoon rain.

  • Common weeds grown in cotton such as Congress grass, (Bermuda grass), Motha, Sanwa, Bathua etc.

  • Weeds compete with the cotton crop for air, water and nutrients and hinder the growth of the crop. 

  • The following herbicide  are used to control them.

  • Pyrithiobac sodium 10% EC + quizalofop ethyl 5% EC @ 400 ml/acre 1-3 days after the first rains or 3-5 days after spraying.

  • Quizalofop ethyl 5% EC @ 400 ml/acre or PropQuizfop 10% EC @ 400 ml/acre for narrow leaf.

  • Using herbicide can save cotton crop from the damage.

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White grub pest outbreak in crops

04/06/2024Posted on
White grub pest outbreak in crops

  • Identification: White grubs are white coloured insects that live as grubs in a field their dormancy period is in the winter.

  • Symptoms of damage: Usually, they initially damage plant roots. Symptoms of white grub can be seen on the plant, such as a complete withering of the plant or stunting of the plant and later the plant dying is the main symptom.

  • Management: For control of this insect , in the months of June and July, use Metarhizium culture [kalichakra] along with FYM (2 kg + 50-75 kg)  per acre for control of white grub. Chemical treatment can also be done. For this, use FENPROPATHRIN 10 % EC [Danitol] @ 500 ml / acre, Clothianidin 50.00% WG @ [Dantotsu] 100 gm / acre as soil mix.

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Identification and prevention of Alternaria leaf spot in Brinjal

03/06/2024Posted on
Identification and prevention of Alternaria leaf spot in Brinjal

It is a serious disease of brinjal, due to which infection causes spots on the leaves. When the infection spreads more, the spots become irregularly shaped and merge and the affected leaves turn yellow and fall after some time. After the leaves, this disease gradually infects the fruits as well, causing the fruits to turn yellow and fall prematurely.

Control: To prevent the disease, crop residues, weeds, infested fruits etc. should be collected and burnt. If infestation is observed, spray M-45 (Mancozeb 75% WP) @ 400 gm/Acre or Blue Copper (Copper Oxychloride 50% WP) @ 300 gm/Acre mixed in 200 litres of water.

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