Black thrips damage symptoms and control measures in chilli crop

23/12/2024Posted on
Black thrips damage symptoms and control measures in chilli crop

Symptoms of damage: Black thrips are a very dangerous pest in chilli crops. This insect first sucks the sap from the lower surface of the leaf. And slowly attack the twig, flower and fruit also. At the flowering stage, it affects the flowers and inhibits the development of fruits, due to the damage to the flowers, it is also called “flower thrips” . Severely damaged leaves turn yellow and drop.

Control measures: For its control, take a spray of Largo (Spinetoram 11.7% SC) @ 180-200 ml + Neemgold (Azadirachtin 3000 ppm) @ 800 ml + Novamaxx @ 300 ml + Silicomaxx Gold @ 50 ml, per acre, 150 to 200 litres of water.

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Symptoms and control measures of white fly and jassid in okra crop!

22/12/2024Posted on
Symptoms and control measures of white fly and jassid in okra crop

Jassid: Due to its outbreak, the soft leaves turn yellow, and the edge of the leaves turn downwards and turn red. In severe infestations, the leaf margins become bronzed, this condition is known as “hopper burn”. The edges of the leaves break into pieces when crushed. Due to this, the growth of the crop slows down.

White fly: Chlorotic spots are formed on the leaves, which later merge to produce yellowing of the leaf tissue. These insects secrete honeydew, which leads to the development of black mold. Also, it is a carrier of the yellow vein mosaic virus. It is the most devastating disease of okra. Severe whitefly infestations cause premature defoliation.

Control Measures: To control these pests and more flowering, Spray Thianova 25 (Thiamethoxam 25% WG) @ 40 gm or Pager (Diafenthiuron  50 % WP) @ 240 gm + Nutriful Maxx  @ 250 ml @ 150 to 200 litres of water per acre.

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Irrigate in different stages for bumper yield of wheat!

21/12/2024Posted on
Irrigate in different stages for bumper yield of wheat!

Improved and tall varieties of wheat require 25 to 30 cm of water. In these varieties, there are three critical stages from the point of view of water use –

  • Tillering stage (30 days after sowing),

  • Flowering stage (50 to 55 days after sowing)

  • Milking stage (95 days after the sowing stage) etc.

  • Irrigation in this stage increases the yield.

  • It is necessary to give 8 cm of water in each irrigation.

Dwarf wheat varieties require more water from the beginning, due to which the development of roots and tillers is more, and the plants get more spikes. As a result, more yield is obtained. These varieties require 40 to 50 cm of water. It is necessary to give 6 to 7 cm of water per irrigation.

  • First irrigation at the time of sowing

  • Second irrigation 21-25 days after sowing (at CRI stage)

  • Third irrigation 41-45 days after sowing (at the tillering stage)

  • Fourth irrigation 61-65 days after sowing (at the flowering stage)

  • Fifth irrigation 81-85 days after sowing (at grain filling stage)

  • Out of this, the crown root initiation and flowering stages are the most important stages.

In the late variety, irrigation should be kept at every 20 days intervals, from the flowering stage to the grain-filling stage, and must take care of the water, due to the high temperature, the water dries up quickly and the grains get wrinkled. That’s why it is necessary to give water from time to time in late-sown wheat.

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Broad leaf weeds will cause 25 to 35% loss in wheat yield

20/12/2024Posted on
Broad leaf weeds will cause 25 to 35% loss in wheat yield

  • Weeds are one of the biggest problems in the wheat crop. Due to weeds, a 25 to 35% reduction in crop production has been observed. Because, of the nutrients which are given to the crops, those nutrients are absorbed by the weeds. Due to this, the main crop becomes weak. 

  • There are mainly two types of weeds in wheat, such as the narrow-leaved weeds Motha, Kans, wild oats, Phalaris etc. and the broad-leaved weeds such as Bathua, Senji, Kasni, Wild Spinach, Krishna Neel, Hirankhuri etc.

  • Spray weedicide within 30 to 40 days after sowing when the weeds are in the stage of 2 to 5 leaves. There should be sufficient moisture in the field at the time of spraying. Use a flat fan or flood jet nozzle. Spray 10 to 12 tanks per acre.

  • For broadleaf weed control, spray Novamine 58 (2,4-D dimethyl amine salt 58% SL) @ 300-500 ml or Convo (Metsulfuron-Methyl 20 % WP) @ 8 gm, per acre @ 200 litres of water.

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Novamine 38 has arrived, which will save the crop from weeds!

19/12/2024Posted on
Novamine 38

  • Novamine 38 contains 2,4-D Ethyl ester 38 EC.

  • It is a selective and post-emergence herbicide.

  • The right time for spraying is when the weed is in the stage of 2 to 4 leaves.

  • It is used to control broadleaf weeds in many crops. 

Its quantity according to the crop is as follows:

  • Wheat – 500-800 ml

  • Maize – 1000 ml

  • Planting paddy – 1000 ml

  • Jowar – 1176 ml

  • Sugarcane 1400 to 2100 ml

  • Aquatic weed – 3000 ml per acre

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How to control leaf blight disease in Wheat

18/12/2024Posted on
How to control leaf blight disease in Wheat

  • This disease is mainly caused by the fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana. The symptoms of this disease are found in all parts of the plant and its effect is more visible on the leaves. 

  • Initially, the symptoms of the disease appear in the form of small brown boat-shaped spots, which enlarge and spread all over the leaves.

  • The plant tissue dies and the green colour begins to dissipate, giving the plant a scorched appearance.

  • Due to this, the process of photosynthesis in the plant is severely affected, the seeds of the affected plant have less germination capacity.

  • The temperature of 25 °C and high relative humidity are favourable for this disease.

  • For chemical treatment spray Thiophanate Methyl 70% W/P @ 300 gm or Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% WP @ 300 gm or Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml or Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG @ 500 gm or Chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 400 gm or Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm/acre.

  • As a biological treatment spray Trichoderma viride @ 500 gm/acre or Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre.

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Yellow vein mosaic virus disease in Okra

17/12/2024Posted on
Yellow vein mosaic virus disease in Okra

  • This is the most important and destructive viral disease in bhindi.

  • This problem is visible in all stages of okra which affects the growth and yield of the crop.

  • The disease is transmitted by whitefly.

  • In this disease, the veins of the leave=s start appearing yellow and later the leaves start turning yellow.

  • Initially, infected leaves exhibit only yellow-coloured veins but in the later stages, the entire leaf turns completely yellow.

  • Affected fruits become pale yellow, deformed and hard.

  • Management: 

  • Remove and destroy disease-affected leaves/plants from crop fields to avoid secondary spread.

  • Mona, Venus Plus,  Parbhani Kranti, Arka Anamika varieties can tolerate yellow vein mosaic.

  • Do not use more fertilizers during plant growth.

  • If possible, choose early planting to control yellow mosaic virus disease.

  • Keep the tools sterile that are used in crops.

  • Use 10 sticky traps/acre to control whitefly infestation.

  • For chemical control, spray Diafenthiuron 50% WP @ 250 gm or Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 100 gm or Imidicloprid 17.8% SL @ 80 ml/acre.

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There may be damage due to frost in gram crop, control in this way

16/12/2024Posted on
There may be damage due to frost in gram crop, control in this way

  • The long nights of winter are cold and sometimes the temperature can even drop to freezing point or below it. In such a situation the water vapour, without converting into liquid directly, gets converted into minute ice particles, which is known as frost and it can be very harmful to flora and crops.              

  • Due to the effect of frost, the leaves and flowers of the gram crop appear scorched and later fall. Even half-ripe fruits shrink. They wrinkle, the bud falls and the formation of grain is hindered.

  • To protect your crop from frost, you create smoke around your field, so that the temperature will be balanced and the crop can be saved from frost damage.

  • On the day when there is a possibility of frost, spray 0.1% solution of sulfur on the crop.

  • Keep in mind that the spray of solution covers plants well. The effect of the spray lasts for two weeks. If there is a possibility of cold waves and frost even after this period, a spray of sulfur should be repeated at an interval of 15 to 20 days.

  • As a biological treatment, spray Pseudomonas Fluorescens @ 500 gm/acre. 

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Identify the pod borer outbreak in gram crop and prevent it soon

15/12/2024Posted on
Identify the pod borer outbreak in gram crop and prevent it soon

Identification of the pest-

  • Eggs – are spherical in shape and creamy white laid singly.  

  • Pupa – brown in colour, occurs in soil, leaf, pod and crop debris

  • Adult – light pale brownish-yellow stout moth. Forewing grey to pale brown with V-shaped speck.

  • the outer wings are pale smoky white with a broad blackish outer margin.

Symptoms of damage

  • The larva starts eating the green part (chlorophyll) present in the leaf, so that, in the end, only the veins of the leaf are visible, after which these larvae start eating the flowers and green pods. The larva enters the pod by piercing it and eats all the parts present inside the pod and making it hollow.

Management:

  • For chemical control, spray Profenofos 40 % + Cypermethrin 4% Ec @ 400ml/acre or Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG @ 100 gm/acre or Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC @ 60ml/acre.

  • Apply 20-25 splints per acre of “T” shape in the field. It is beneficial to put these splints 10 – 20 cm higher than the height of the gram. Friendly insects like birds, myna, heron etc. come and sit on these splints, which eat the pod borer and save the crop from damage.

  • Use pheromone trap Helicoverpa armigera @ 10 per acre.

  • Use Bavaria bassiana 250 gm per acre.

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How to control Fall armyworm in wheat

14/12/2024Posted on
How to control Fall armyworm in wheat

  • Nowadays due to changes in the weather, there is an attack of fall armyworm in the wheat crop.

  • This insect hides in piles of soil, straw, during the day and damages the wheat crop at night.

  • These pests eat the leaves and make holes in them like windows. In severe outbreaks, they eat the whole crop and destroy it.

  • This pest also damages the wheat grains.

  • Use 4-5 ‘T’ shaped bird perches per acre, to attract birds.

  • Therefore, management/control of this insect is necessary. In areas where the number of fall armyworm insect attacks is high, a spray of any of the following insecticides should be done immediately.

  • Novaluran 5.25 %+ Emamectin Benzoate 0.9% SC @ 600 ml/acre or Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC @ 60 ml/acre, or Emamectin benzoate 5% SG @ 100 gm/acre

  • Use Beauveria Bassiana @ 250 gram/acre as biological treatment.

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