Tip of the day – Page 11

Identify leaf blast disease in paddy and adopt preventive measures soon

08/08/2024 Thursday August 8th, 2024

Rice blast is one of the most destructive diseases of rice.
A leaf blast infection can kill seedlings or plants up to the tillering stage.
At later growth stages, a severe leaf blast infection reduces leaf area for grain fill, reducing grain yield.
Initial symptoms appear as white to grey-green lesions or spots, with dark green borders.
Older lesions on the leaves are elliptical or spindle-shaped and whitish to grey centres with red to brownish or necrotic borders.

Control Measures

Treat the seed with 2.5 g/kg Carmanova (Carbendazim 12%+ Mancozeb 63% WP)
Remove and burn the infected plant debris in the soil after deep summer ploughing during June-July.
Apply increased doses of potash with a balanced dose of nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizers.
Apply heavy doses of farm yard manure or other organic manures at 100t/ha.

Sheath Blight will cause heavy loss in paddy, take preventive measures soon

07/08/2024 Wednesday August 7th, 2024

Sheath Blight is a fungal disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Due to the development of high-yielding and highly fertilizer-consuming species, this disease occupies a prominent place in paddy diseases.
Its effect is so much that it can cause up to 50 per cent loss in yield. The infection of this disease starts appearing in the nursery itself. Due to this, the plants start rotting from below.
In the main field, these symptoms appear at the final stage of tillering. Spots begin to form on the leaf sheaths above the water surface. The shape of these spots is irregular the edge is dark brown and the middle part is light coloured. Circular spots are formed on the leaves.
Many small spots together make a big spot. Due to this the sheath, stem, and flag leaf get completely affected and the plant dies. In the fields, this disease appears more acute in August and September. In infected plants, spikes emerge and grains are also not formed.
Spray Novacone (Hexaconazole 5% EC) @ 400 ml or Sheathmar (Validamycin 3% L) @ 600 – 800 ml per acre as soon as initial symptoms appear.

Necessary spraying for proper growth, development and flowering in soybean

06/08/2024 Monday August 5th, 2024

Necessary spraying for proper growth and flowering in soybean

Soybean is one of the major oilseed, pulse crops grown in Kharif season. Proper nutritional management is very important for high yields of soybean.

For proper growth and development in soybean –

Tri Coat Maxx – It is a plant growth stimulator. Contains Organic Carbon 3% (Combination of Humic, Fluvic , Organic Nutrients). Helps in good development of root and stem of plants and also increases the reproductive growth of plants.

Method of use – At the rate of 4kg Tri Coat Maxx per acre, broadcast with the nutrients given at that time.

For good flowering and pod filling –

Nutriful Maxx is a plant growth promoter. In it are found Fulvic acid extract – 20% + calcium, magnesium and potash in trace amounts, 5% + amino acids .It increases the number of flowers and prevents them from falling. enhances fruit quality, and also increases the availability of nutrients. Boosts immunity against drought, frost etc. Spray at the rate of 250 ml NutriFul Maxx per acre.

Give protection to soybean crop from the outbreak of Rust disease

05/08/2024 Monday August 5th, 2024

This disease is caused by a fungus called Cacopsora pachyrhizi. When the temperature remains between 18 to 28 degree Celsius due to continuous rains or the expected humidity is around 80 percent or leaves remain wet, then the possibility of Rust disease increases.

On the leaves of plants affected by this disease, needle-tip-shaped spots appear on the lower surface. Within a short time, these spots start growing in groups and spread over the entire leaf. They emit a brown powder which falls on the healthy leaves and increases the severity of the disease.

Spray Novacone (Hexaconazole 5% EC) 300 ml or Galileo (Picoxystrobin 22.52% w/w SC) 160 ml/acre in 150 liters of water at the initial stage of the disease.

In paddy crops nutrient management is necessary for proper growth of plants and more tillering

04/08/2024 Friday August 2nd, 2024

In paddy, nutrient management is an important aspect, in which, proper use of chemical fertilizers, micronutrients, organic fertilizers, green-blue algae, FYM and green manure etc.

At the time of sowing or transplanting in paddy , give the remaining 1/4 of the given nitrogen at the tillering stage . If zinc sulphate is not used at the time of transplanting, then apply zinc sulphate at the rate of 10 kg per acre. Use sulphur containing fertilizers (like single super phosphate or sulphur etc.) in sulphur deficient areas. Also use Tri Dissolve Paddy Maxx for best quality of crop.

Tri Dissolve Paddy Maxx – It is a bio stimulating nutrient which contains organic carbon, potassium, calcium, other natural stabilizers, etc. It promotes healthy and vegetative growth, and promotes root development at an early stage. It also increases the amount of various nutrients. And increases the immunity of plants. Which leads to an increase in production. This product is mainly made for paddy crops.

Method of use:- Use it at the rate of 400 grams per acre and broadcast it with the nutrients given at that time. and spray 200 grams of Tri Dissolve Paddy Maxx per acre, 150 to 200 liters of water.

Yellow mosaic disease will increase in soybean, know the control measures

04/08/2024 Friday August 2nd, 2024

In the initial stage of this disease, dark yellow coloured spots start appearing on the husks. These spots gradually spread and merge with each other. Due to this, the whole leaf turns yellow. Due to the yellowing of the leaves, many biological functions are adversely affected and the synthesis of essential food substances is not possible in the plants. Because of this, flowers are less on the plants and even if pods are planted, the development of grains is not possible in them. Whiteflies are this virus’s vectors and spread the disease to the entire crop.

Yellow mosaic disease control measures

To control this disease, apply yellow sticky traps in your field at the initial stage itself, which will help in controlling the white fly that spreads its infection. To prevent this, remove the affected plants from your field as soon as you see the symptoms of yellow mosaic disease on the crop. Spray recommended pre-mixed contact chemicals like Sperto (acetamiprid 25% + bifenthrin 25% WG) at the rate of 100 g per acre for control of white fly in such field to control white fly.

This is how to diagnose stem fly infestation in soybean crop

03/08/2024 Friday August 2nd, 2024

The maggot of this insect lives inside the white-coloured stem. The adult insect is shiny black in size of two km.
The female of this pest lays yellow-coloured eggs on the leaves. From which the maggots enter the stem making holes by piercing the leaves’ veins and making the stem hollow.
Due to this, the leaves appear yellow in the initial stage of the plant. Later the whole plant turns yellow
To control stem fly, use Novalaxam (Lambdacylothrin 9.5% + Thiomethaxom 12.9% Z \C) 50 ml per acre or Cover (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC) 60 ml per acre.

Identify and control whitefly infestation in cotton

02/08/2024 Friday August 2nd, 2024

The nymphs and adults of this insect, sucking the sap of the plant, stop its development. This pest causes great damage to the cotton crop both in the nymphal and adult stage.
The “Honeydew” secreted by this insect helps in the growth of black fungus. In case of severe infestation, the entire cotton crop turns black and leaves appear burnt.
Sometimes, even after the crop is fully developed, due to the infestation of this pest, the leaves of the cotton crop dry up and fall. This insect also plays an important role in the spread of virus-borne leaf curl disease.
Chemical Management: Spray Diphenthiuron 50% WP @ 250 gm/acre or Flonicamid 50% WG @ 60 gm/ acre or Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 100 gm/acre or Pyriproxyfan 10% + Bifenthrin 10% EC @ 250 ml/acre for control of this pest.
Biological Management: To control this pest, spray Bavaria bassiana @ 500 gm/acre.

Jassid problem and control measures in cotton crop

01/08/2024 Thursday August 1st, 2024

Symptoms of damage

Both nymphs and adults of this Insect damage the crop. This insect stops the growth of plants, by sucking the sap from the stems, leaves and flowers of the plants. Due to which the plants remain weak, small and dwarf and the yield is reduced. and sucking of sap by this insect, the leaves shrink and in case of severe infestation, the plant dies.

control measures

For the control of this pest, Spray media (Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) @ 50 ml or Thiamethoxam 25% wg @ 40 gm, or Lancer Gold (Acephate 50% + Imidacloprid 1.8% SP) @ 400 gm + (silico max) @ 50ml per acre, @ 150 to 200 liters of water.
For biological control, spray briged B (BEAUVERIA BASSIANA 1.15% WP) @1 kg/acre @ 150-200 liters of water.
Apart from this, farmers should install yellow sticky traps @ 8-10 per acre, in the field to report pest infestation. This will indicate the pest outbreak, on the basis of which the farmers can save the crop from pest infestation by adopting the above mentioned measures.

Importance of Organic Carbon for soil

31/07/2024 Wednesday July 31st, 2024

Humus is made of organic matter which improves soil health and maintains soil fertility.
The physical and chemical quality of the soil increases with its excess in the soil. The physical quality of the soil like soil structure, water holding capacity, etc. is increased by organic carbon.
Organic carbon is also very useful for the transfer and conversion of nutrients and for the growth of microorganisms.
It also prevents the leaching of nutrients.

Rice blast is one of the most destructive diseases of rice.

A leaf blast infection can kill seedlings or plants up to the tillering stage.

At later growth stages, a severe leaf blast infection reduces leaf area for grain fill, reducing grain yield.

Initial symptoms appear as white to grey-green lesions or spots, with dark green borders.

Older lesions on the leaves are elliptical or spindle-shaped and whitish to grey centres with red to brownish or necrotic borders.

Control Measures

Treat the seed with 2.5 g/kg Carmanova (Carbendazim 12%+ Mancozeb 63% WP)

Remove and burn the infected plant debris in the soil after deep summer ploughing during June-July.

Apply increased doses of potash with a balanced dose of nitrogenous and phosphatic fertilizers.

Apply heavy doses of farm yard manure or other organic manures at 100t/ha.

Sheath Blight is a fungal disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. Due to the development of high-yielding and highly fertilizer-consuming species, this disease occupies a prominent place in paddy diseases.

Its effect is so much that it can cause up to 50 per cent loss in yield. The infection of this disease starts appearing in the nursery itself. Due to this, the plants start rotting from below.

In the main field, these symptoms appear at the final stage of tillering. Spots begin to form on the leaf sheaths above the water surface. The shape of these spots is irregular the edge is dark brown and the middle part is light coloured. Circular spots are formed on the leaves.

Many small spots together make a big spot. Due to this the sheath, stem, and flag leaf get completely affected and the plant dies. In the fields, this disease appears more acute in August and September. In infected plants, spikes emerge and grains are also not formed.

Spray Novacone (Hexaconazole 5% EC) @ 400 ml or Sheathmar (Validamycin 3% L) @ 600 – 800 ml per acre as soon as initial symptoms appear.

Soybean is one of the major oilseed, pulse crops grown in Kharif season. Proper nutritional management is very important for high yields of soybean.

For proper growth and development in soybean –

Tri Coat Maxx – It is a plant growth stimulator. Contains Organic Carbon 3% (Combination of Humic, Fluvic , Organic Nutrients). Helps in good development of root and stem of plants and also increases the reproductive growth of plants.

Method of use – At the rate of 4kg Tri Coat Maxx per acre, broadcast with the nutrients given at that time.

For good flowering and pod filling –

This disease is caused by a fungus called Cacopsora pachyrhizi. When the temperature remains between 18 to 28 degree Celsius due to continuous rains or the expected humidity is around 80 percent or leaves remain wet, then the possibility of Rust disease increases.

On the leaves of plants affected by this disease, needle-tip-shaped spots appear on the lower surface. Within a short time, these spots start growing in groups and spread over the entire leaf. They emit a brown powder which falls on the healthy leaves and increases the severity of the disease.

Spray Novacone (Hexaconazole 5% EC) 300 ml or Galileo (Picoxystrobin 22.52% w/w SC) 160 ml/acre in 150 liters of water at the initial stage of the disease.

In paddy, nutrient management is an important aspect, in which, proper use of chemical fertilizers, micronutrients, organic fertilizers, green-blue algae, FYM and green manure etc.

Method of use:- Use it at the rate of 400 grams per acre and broadcast it with the nutrients given at that time. and spray 200 grams of Tri Dissolve Paddy Maxx per acre, 150 to 200 liters of water.

Yellow mosaic disease control measures

The maggot of this insect lives inside the white-coloured stem. The adult insect is shiny black in size of two km.

The female of this pest lays yellow-coloured eggs on the leaves. From which the maggots enter the stem making holes by piercing the leaves’ veins and making the stem hollow.

Due to this, the leaves appear yellow in the initial stage of the plant. Later the whole plant turns yellow

To control stem fly, use Novalaxam (Lambdacylothrin 9.5% + Thiomethaxom 12.9% Z \C) 50 ml per acre or Cover (Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC) 60 ml per acre.

The nymphs and adults of this insect, sucking the sap of the plant, stop its development. This pest causes great damage to the cotton crop both in the nymphal and adult stage.

The “Honeydew” secreted by this insect helps in the growth of black fungus. In case of severe infestation, the entire cotton crop turns black and leaves appear burnt.

Sometimes, even after the crop is fully developed, due to the infestation of this pest, the leaves of the cotton crop dry up and fall. This insect also plays an important role in the spread of virus-borne leaf curl disease.

Chemical Management: Spray Diphenthiuron 50% WP @ 250 gm/acre or Flonicamid 50% WG @ 60 gm/ acre or Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 100 gm/acre or Pyriproxyfan 10% + Bifenthrin 10% EC @ 250 ml/acre for control of this pest.

Biological Management: To control this pest, spray Bavaria bassiana @ 500 gm/acre.

Symptoms of damage

control measures

For the control of this pest, Spray media (Imidacloprid 17.8% SL) @ 50 ml or Thiamethoxam 25% wg @ 40 gm, or Lancer Gold (Acephate 50% + Imidacloprid 1.8% SP) @ 400 gm + (silico max) @ 50ml per acre, @ 150 to 200 liters of water.

For biological control, spray briged B (BEAUVERIA BASSIANA 1.15% WP) @1 kg/acre @ 150-200 liters of water.

Apart from this, farmers should install yellow sticky traps @ 8-10 per acre, in the field to report pest infestation. This will indicate the pest outbreak, on the basis of which the farmers can save the crop from pest infestation by adopting the above mentioned measures.

Humus is made of organic matter which improves soil health and maintains soil fertility.

The physical and chemical quality of the soil increases with its excess in the soil. The physical quality of the soil like soil structure, water holding capacity, etc. is increased by organic carbon.

Organic carbon is also very useful for the transfer and conversion of nutrients and for the growth of microorganisms.

It also prevents the leaching of nutrients.