Tip of the day – Page 104

How is inter-cropping beneficial to farmers?

Inter-cropping maintains the diversity and stability of fields.
It reduces the use of chemical/fertilizer.
It helps in Weed suppression and reduces the chances of diseases and insect attacks.
In inter-cropping, Vegetable crops give high production in short duration.

Azotobacter is an independent nitrogen fixation bacteria.
This bacterium keeps the nitrogen of the atmosphere continuously stored in the ground.
Use of this does not cause yellowing of leaves in cucurbit crops.
In cucurbit crops , fruit development and growth of plants are good.
When it is used, 20% to 25% of nitrogen is required per crop.
These bacteria increase germination percentage of seeds.
Helps to increase the quantity of roots and length of stem.

Dhatura is a plant. It grows up to 1 meter height. This plant is of black-white in color.
Dhatura is generally considered poisonous and wild
Due to its medicinal properties, it has great importance in agriculture.
It acts like a pesticide when its leaves are blended in urine and water.
Dhatura is also used to prepar panchgavya.

Nadep method, vermicompost ,Bio gas etc. are some methods of composting, in the same way matka manure is a common and simple method of composting.
Fertilizer made by this method is of good quality and is low cost.
To prepare it the following things are required: cow or buffalo urine, jaggery, a matka, water and cow dung.
Put all these ingredients together in a pot and keep stirring with the help of a wood stick every 2-3 days.
This way matka compost gets prepared in 7 -10 days.

Constantly changing weather is causing the garlic and onion crop to face a lot of problems.
The problem of yellowing is quite visible in the garlic and onion crop due to which there is a huge impact on their growth and development.
The yellowness of garlic and onion can also be caused by fungal and insect borne and nutritional problems.
If it is causes by fungus, use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gram/acre or Thiophanate Methyl 70% WP @ 300 gram/acre
If it is because of nutritional problem, use Seaweed@ 400 ml/acre or Humic acid@ 100 gram/acre
If it is due to insect, use Profenofos 40 % + Cypermethrin 4% EC@ 400 ml/acre or Fipronil 40 % + Imidacloprid 40 % WG@ 80 gram/acre.

The watermelon crop requires 16 nutrients mainly. In which boron is the most essential nutrient in a group of micronutrients
Boron does not allow the roots of watermelon plants to deform and maintains the growth of the roots continuously.
Deficiency of boron distorts the shape of leaves, and the formation of fruits is reduced.
The growth of leaf and stem is very less and the fruit of watermelon starts bursting.
Boron nutrient supply can be done by spraying, through drip or by adding pre-sowing soil treatment.
So use boron after the soil testing . Keep in mind that excess of boron also has toxic effects on the plant.

Cow urine is like a nectar for crops and soil.
There is no smell of any kind in insecticide that is prepared from urine.
Pests do not sit on crops or fruits after spraying.
Nitrogen content is found in urine, due to which urine increases the amount of nitrogen in plant root,
It helps in the growth of roots.
Its use increases the amount of micro beneficial bacteria in land . The natural form of the land remains.

Organic farming is very beneficial for farmers.
This increases the fertile capacity of the land.
Irrigation intervals increase because organic manure maintains moisture in soil for a long time.
Reducing dependence on chemical fertilizer reduces costs.
Increase in productivity of crops.
The market price of the products obtained from organic farming is higher, which increases the income of farmers.

In mustard crops there is a heavy attack of sawfly.
It is black in color, which damages the leaves quickly, it consumes the leaves, making holes on the sides of the leaves.
This skeletonizes mustard leaves .
To prevent this, spray Profenofos 50% EC @ 500 ml/acre or Thiamethoxam 12.6% + Lambda Cyhalothrin 9.5% ZC @ 80 ml/acre or Imidacloprid 30.5% SC @ 50 ml/acre

In watermelon fruit sometimes deep rotten patches and a wrinkle-like structure is formed.
These are caused usually due to improper intervals of irrigation.
When the soil of the field becomes very dry, it fixes calcium in the soil, prohibiting the plants from absorbing it.
To prevent this, use calcium nitrate @ 10 kg/acre.