Gramophone – Page 3

Benefits of applying mulching in vegetable crops

16/11/2025 Monday November 10th, 2025

Mulching is a technique in which the soil surface is covered with a thick layer, to promote the healthy development of crops. It is a useful technique for the healthy growth of vegetable crops. The following are the benefits of using mulching:

Enhanced Nutrient Retention: Mulching increases the number of nutrients in the soil, making them more available to the plants, which results in healthier and more productive crops.

Water Conservation: Mulching helps to conserve water by reducing evaporation, keeping the soil moist for a longer period, and reducing the need for irrigation.

Weed Control: Mulching reduces weed growth, providing a barrier that prevents weed seedlings from growing and reduces the need for herbicides.

Soil Erosion Control: Mulching helps to prevent soil erosion by holding the soil in place and reducing the impact of rainfall on the soil.

Enhanced Soil Health: Mulching helps to improve soil health by increasing the organic matter content, improving soil structure, and promoting beneficial microbial activity.

Increased Crop Productivity: Mulching has been shown to increase crop productivity by providing an environment that is conducive to plant growth and development.

For beneficial information related to agriculture and farmers, definitely read the articles on Gramophone daily. Don’t forget to share this article with your friends using the share button below.

Symptoms and control measures of bacterial spot disease in tomato crops!

15/11/2025 Monday November 10th, 2025

The bacterial spot of tomato is a devastating disease that can affect all parts of the tomato plant, including leaves, stems and fruit. Initially, roundworms appear in water-soaked circular areas on tomato leaves. Circular spots are generally dark brown to black on leaves and stems. The lesion takes a large size by joining together and the leaf turns yellow. On green fruits, the spots are usually small, raised and blister-like, as the fruit ripens, the spots enlarge and become brown and rough. Due to this, the quality of the fruit deteriorates.

Control Measures

To control this disease, take a spray of Dhanucop (Copper Oxychloride 50% WP) @ 1 kg + Silicomaxx Gold @ 50 ml per acre, @ 150 to 200 litres of water.

References – According to TNAU

For more such important information related to the agriculture sector, keep reading the articles of Gramophone daily. If you liked today’s information, then do not forget to share.

A new technique of irrigation, Which will use every drop of water in the fields

14/11/2025 Monday November 10th, 2025

Water availability for the successful production of a good crop is an important factor. Due to the ever-increasing population and climate change, the water available in the ground is decreasing.
due to which the production of crops is constantly decreasing. Drip irrigation was invented to solve this problem which has proved to be a boon for farmers.
In this method, water is transported directly from plastic pipes’ sources to plants’ roots. It’s called fertigation.
Saves 60-70% of water compared to other irrigation systems.
Drip irrigation helps plants to provide nutrients with greater efficiency.
Drip irrigation can prevent losses of water (due to evaporation and leakage).
Water in drip irrigation is given directly to the crop roots. Due to this, the surrounding soil becomes dry, and weeds cannot be grown.

For more such important information related to smart agriculture, read Gramophone’s articles daily. Share this article with your friends by clicking on the share button.

Why thinning is necessary in mustard crops, Know the benefits of thinning!

13/11/2025 Monday November 10th, 2025

After 3-4 weeks of sowing, maintain the plant-to-plant distance at 10-15 cm, The removal of extra plants is called the process of thinning.
This action is done for more branching and healthy plant growth in the crops.
Due to this, there are fewer outbreaks of diseases and pests.
And the size of pods and grains is large.
Crops are not sown at the right distance from each other, and hence, need to be thinned.

Keep reading Gramophone’s articles daily for important information related to farming. If you liked today’s information, then do not forget to share.

Powdery mildew problem and control measures in pea crop

12/11/2025 Monday November 10th, 2025

Symptoms of damage: Symptoms of powdery mildew disease appear as white powder on leaves, buds, twigs and flowers. Small spots of white colour arise on both the surface of the leaves and gradually spread on both the surface of the leaf. The sick leaves become hard and twisted. Due to excessive infection, they dry up and fall off.

Control measures: For control of this disease, spray Dhanustin (Carbendazim 50% WP) @ 100 gm or Wokovit (Sulfur 80% WDG) @ 1 kg + Silicomaxx Gold @ 50 ml per acre @ 150 to 200 litres of water.

Keep reading Gramophone articles daily for important information related to agriculture. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share.

Know irrigation management and critical stages in potato crop

05/11/2025 Monday November 3rd, 2025

In potato crops, giving little water at a time at short intervals is more beneficial for the yield.
First irrigation must be done after 10 days but within 20 days after transplanting. By doing this, germination will be faster and the number of tubers per plant increases, due to which the yield increases twice.
By applying the first irrigation on time, the manure applied in the field is used by the crops from the beginning as per the requirement.
The time of two irrigation seeds can be increased or decreased depending on the soil condition of the field and experience. However, do not keep more than a 20 days gap between two irrigations.
Stop irrigation 10 days before digging. By doing this, the tubers will come out clean during digging. Keep in mind, give water only till half the farrow in each irrigation.
Water management is very important in certain stages of growth (critical stages)-

1) Emergence Stage

2) Tuber set Stage

3) Tuber growth stage

4) Final crop Stage

5) Pre-harvest irrigation Stage.

Keep reading Gramophone articles daily for important information related to farming. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share it.

Damage to soil due to burning in stubble field

04/11/2025 Monday November 3rd, 2025

Burning the stubble causes a lot of damage to the environment and increases pollution
Due to burning of crop waste, beneficial microorganisms found in the farm are destroyed.
This reduces crop yields and reduces soil fertility.
Due to burning of straw, there is emission of gases like methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide etc. in the atmosphere. Due to which there is fog in the atmosphere
Structure of organic materials in the soil is disturbed due to burning of stubble.

Keep reading Gramophone’s articles for similar home remedies and other important information related to agriculture. Share this article with your friends with the share button below.

Control of brown plant hopper in paddy crop

03/11/2025 Monday November 3rd, 2025

Brown plant hopper will cause heavy loss in paddy crop

The nymph and adult of this insect, which ranges from brown to white in colour, lives near the base of the stem of the plant and causes damage to the plant.
Eggs are laid by the adult near the main vein of the leaves.
The shape of the egg is semilunar and the colour of the nymph is white to light brown.
The damage done by the planthopper is seen as yellowing of the plant.
Brown planthoppers suck the sap of the plant. Due to this, the crop dries in a circle, which is known as hopper burn.
For its control spray THIAMETHOXAM 75%SG @ 60 gm/acre or BUPROFEZIN 15 % + ACEPHATE 35 % WP@ 500 Gram/acre.
As a biological treatment.use Bavaria Basiana @ 250 gm /acre.

Keep reading Gramophone articles daily for important information related to farming. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share it.

Why, when and how to add mycorrhiza in the field

02/11/2025 Monday November 3rd, 2025

Improve plant root growth and development.
Increase the uptake and mobilization of phosphate in all crops.
Increase and facilitate nutrient and translocation from the soil and root cuticle parenchyma to Xylem, Phloem, elements like nitrogen, potassium, iron, manganese, magnesium, copper, zinc, boron, sulphur and molybdenum.
Effective in overcoming the stress conditions like drought, disease incidence and deficiency of nutrients.
Enhance product quality and increase the immune power of the crop.
Its supplement root hair in water absorption hence prevents reduction in crop relative water content of cells and helps to overcome drought.
Soil Treatment – Mix Premium mycorrhiza 2 kg per acre in 50 Kg of well-decomposed FYM/compost/vermicompost/field soil and incorporate in the soil before sowing/transplant.
Broadcast the above mixture in a standing crop 25-30 days after sowing.
Through drip irrigation – Use of Mycorrhiza as drip irrigation 25-30 days of sowing at the rate of 100 gram/acre in standing crop.

For such important information related to the agriculture sector and farmers, do read Gramophone articles daily. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share.

Know very important information before cultivating barley

31/10/2025 Friday October 31st, 2025

To get more production in barley cultivation, the most suitable time for sowing its seeds is from 15 October to 15 November. However, depending on the circumstances and supply of fodder, it can be sown even till the first week of December.
Delay in sowing due to low temperatures results in late germination. It should be sown in rows at a distance of 25 cm with a plough or seed drill.
The seeds should be sown at a depth of 4 to 5 cm. Weeds can be easily controlled in crops sown in rows. By treating the seeds before sowing with Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% (Karmanova) @ 2.5 grams per kg of seeds, germination is good and the crop remains free from seed-borne diseases.
For crops sown for fodder, 100 kg seeds should be sown per hectare. But for grains, only 80 kg seeds are required per hectare.

Keep reading Gramophone articles daily for important information related to farming. If you liked today’s information then don’t forget to share it.

Mulching is a technique in which the soil surface is covered with a thick layer, to promote the healthy development of crops. It is a useful technique for the healthy growth of vegetable crops. The following are the benefits of using mulching:

Enhanced Nutrient Retention: Mulching increases the number of nutrients in the soil, making them more available to the plants, which results in healthier and more productive crops.

Water Conservation: Mulching helps to conserve water by reducing evaporation, keeping the soil moist for a longer period, and reducing the need for irrigation.

Weed Control: Mulching reduces weed growth, providing a barrier that prevents weed seedlings from growing and reduces the need for herbicides.

Soil Erosion Control: Mulching helps to prevent soil erosion by holding the soil in place and reducing the impact of rainfall on the soil.

Enhanced Soil Health: Mulching helps to improve soil health by increasing the organic matter content, improving soil structure, and promoting beneficial microbial activity.

Increased Crop Productivity: Mulching has been shown to increase crop productivity by providing an environment that is conducive to plant growth and development.

Control Measures

To control this disease, take a spray of Dhanucop (Copper Oxychloride 50% WP) @ 1 kg + Silicomaxx Gold @ 50 ml per acre, @ 150 to 200 litres of water.

References – According to TNAU

Water availability for the successful production of a good crop is an important factor. Due to the ever-increasing population and climate change, the water available in the ground is decreasing.

due to which the production of crops is constantly decreasing. Drip irrigation was invented to solve this problem which has proved to be a boon for farmers.

In this method, water is transported directly from plastic pipes’ sources to plants’ roots. It’s called fertigation.

Saves 60-70% of water compared to other irrigation systems.

Drip irrigation helps plants to provide nutrients with greater efficiency.

Drip irrigation can prevent losses of water (due to evaporation and leakage).

Water in drip irrigation is given directly to the crop roots. Due to this, the surrounding soil becomes dry, and weeds cannot be grown.

After 3-4 weeks of sowing, maintain the plant-to-plant distance at 10-15 cm, The removal of extra plants is called the process of thinning.

This action is done for more branching and healthy plant growth in the crops.

Due to this, there are fewer outbreaks of diseases and pests.

And the size of pods and grains is large.

Crops are not sown at the right distance from each other, and hence, need to be thinned.

Control measures: For control of this disease, spray Dhanustin (Carbendazim 50% WP) @ 100 gm or Wokovit (Sulfur 80% WDG) @ 1 kg + Silicomaxx Gold @ 50 ml per acre @ 150 to 200 litres of water.

In potato crops, giving little water at a time at short intervals is more beneficial for the yield.

First irrigation must be done after 10 days but within 20 days after transplanting. By doing this, germination will be faster and the number of tubers per plant increases, due to which the yield increases twice.

By applying the first irrigation on time, the manure applied in the field is used by the crops from the beginning as per the requirement.

The time of two irrigation seeds can be increased or decreased depending on the soil condition of the field and experience. However, do not keep more than a 20 days gap between two irrigations.

Stop irrigation 10 days before digging. By doing this, the tubers will come out clean during digging. Keep in mind, give water only till half the farrow in each irrigation.

Water management is very important in certain stages of growth (critical stages)-

1) Emergence Stage

2) Tuber set Stage

3) Tuber growth stage

4) Final crop Stage

5) Pre-harvest irrigation Stage.

Burning the stubble causes a lot of damage to the environment and increases pollution

Due to burning of crop waste, beneficial microorganisms found in the farm are destroyed.

This reduces crop yields and reduces soil fertility.

Due to burning of straw, there is emission of gases like methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide etc. in the atmosphere. Due to which there is fog in the atmosphere

Structure of organic materials in the soil is disturbed due to burning of stubble.

The nymph and adult of this insect, which ranges from brown to white in colour, lives near the base of the stem of the plant and causes damage to the plant.

Eggs are laid by the adult near the main vein of the leaves.

The shape of the egg is semilunar and the colour of the nymph is white to light brown.

The damage done by the planthopper is seen as yellowing of the plant.

Brown planthoppers suck the sap of the plant. Due to this, the crop dries in a circle, which is known as hopper burn.

For its control spray THIAMETHOXAM 75%SG @ 60 gm/acre or BUPROFEZIN 15 % + ACEPHATE 35 % WP@ 500 Gram/acre.

As a biological treatment.use Bavaria Basiana @ 250 gm /acre.

Improve plant root growth and development.

Increase the uptake and mobilization of phosphate in all crops.

Increase and facilitate nutrient and translocation from the soil and root cuticle parenchyma to Xylem, Phloem, elements like nitrogen, potassium, iron, manganese, magnesium, copper, zinc, boron, sulphur and molybdenum.

Effective in overcoming the stress conditions like drought, disease incidence and deficiency of nutrients.

Enhance product quality and increase the immune power of the crop.

Its supplement root hair in water absorption hence prevents reduction in crop relative water content of cells and helps to overcome drought.

Soil Treatment – Mix Premium mycorrhiza 2 kg per acre in 50 Kg of well-decomposed FYM/compost/vermicompost/field soil and incorporate in the soil before sowing/transplant.

Broadcast the above mixture in a standing crop 25-30 days after sowing.

Through drip irrigation – Use of Mycorrhiza as drip irrigation 25-30 days of sowing at the rate of 100 gram/acre in standing crop.

To get more production in barley cultivation, the most suitable time for sowing its seeds is from 15 October to 15 November. However, depending on the circumstances and supply of fodder, it can be sown even till the first week of December.

Delay in sowing due to low temperatures results in late germination. It should be sown in rows at a distance of 25 cm with a plough or seed drill.

The seeds should be sown at a depth of 4 to 5 cm. Weeds can be easily controlled in crops sown in rows. By treating the seeds before sowing with Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% (Karmanova) @ 2.5 grams per kg of seeds, germination is good and the crop remains free from seed-borne diseases.

For crops sown for fodder, 100 kg seeds should be sown per hectare. But for grains, only 80 kg seeds are required per hectare.