Pumpkin – Gramophone

Know how a bee works as a good pollinator in pumpkin crops

Cucurbit crops are planted in large quantities as summer crops.
Due to change in weather and temperature, after flowering in cucurbits crops, there is a lot of problem during the development of fruits.
Honeybees play a very important role in natural pollination in cucurbits.
In the cucurbit crop, through honeybees, pollination is done up to 80%.
A large number of hairs are found in the body of honeybees, which pick up pollen particles. After this, they collect pollen and transport it to the female flowers.
Honeybees do not cause any harm to the crops.
The action of fertilization is completed after the above mentioned action. After this, the process, conversion starts from flower to fruit in the plant.

The heavy attack of this insect occurs before the monsoon.
Its infestation is more visible on the lower surface of the leaves.
This insect lays eggs near the veins of the leaves.
In heavy infestation of this insect, the leaf becomes bright yellow
For the control of this pest spray Propargite 57%EC @ 400 gram/acre or spiromesifen 22.9% SC @ 200 ml/acre or Abamectin 1.9% EC @ 150 ml/acre
Along with this, use Beauveria Bassiana @ 250 gram/acre as a biological treatment.

Collect and destroy infested fruits.
Flytraps (pheromone traps) can be set to prevent egg-laying by fruit flies.
Maize plant s grown in the field are effective as flies rest on such tall plants.
Deep ploughing should be done to expose hibernating stages of fruit flies.
spray dichlorvos 76% EC 250 to 500ml/acre or
Lambda Cyhalothrin 4.9% CS @ 200 ml/acre. or
Profenofos 40%EC + Cypermethrin 4 %EC @ 400 ml/acre

The worm bores into the fruits and sucks the sap.
Infected fruits fall after decaying.
These flies prefer tender fruits for egg-laying.
The fly bore a hole into the fruit to lay her eggs inside it. Fruit Juice can be seen coming out from these holes.
This also results in distorted and malformed.
The maggots feed on the pulp of fruits as well as on the immature seeds and cause premature dropping of fruits.

The red spider mites are 1 mm. long and can be difficult to see by necked eyes.
Spider mites live in colonies on the undersurface of leaves.
Larvae, nymphs and adults of mites lacerate leaves from under surface.
They suck the cell sap resulting in the production of white patches between Vines and leaves.

Destroy the remains of the old crop.
if the insect appears in the early stage of the crop, destroy them by hands.
Spray Cypermethrin 25% EC 150 ml/acre + Dimethoate 30% EC 300 ml /acre or
Carbaryl 50% WP 400 gm/acre at fortnight intervals starting from 25 days after sowing to control the pest.
Spraying with Dichlorvos (DDVP) 76% EC @ 250-350 ml/acre gives satisfactory control of the pest.

The grubs feed on the roots and underground portion of host plants and fruits touching the soil.
After damaging of roots, a portion of stems start rotting due to secondary infection by saprophytic fungi, and the unripe fruits of such vines dry up.
Infested fruits become unfit for human consumption.
Adult beetles feed voraciously on leaf lamina making irregular holes.
They prefer young seedlings and tender leaves and the damage may even kill the seedlings.

Choose healthy seeds.
Inspect transplantation and uproot the infected plants and leave the farm out of the field.
spray chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 350gm / acre or
spray tebuconazole 25.9% EC @ 200 ml / acre solution.

In this disease, infection is visible on almost every part of the plant except the roots.
A Yellowness/greenness occurs at the edges of the leaves, while spots start occurring on their surfaces.
The wound is formed on the stem of the plant which is infected by this disease. Then a black-coloured gummy substance starts releasing from this wound.
On the string, brown spots become black spots which later go to the wound.
In bottle gourd seeds have medium-brown, dark spots.