Control measures of root-knot nematode in watermelon

  • The female deposits eggs in or on the roots, or in decaying root debris.
  • The juveniles hatch from the eggs and move toward root tips or minor wounds. They feed on root tissue.
  • The nematode attacks the roots and produces tiny galls.
  • The infested plants show symptoms of withering and wilting of leaves.
  • They block the movement of nutrients and water in the plant system and subjected to wilt and finally leads to death.
  • Growth of the plant is stunted and fruiting capacity adversely affected.
  • Yellowing of the foliage and wilting of the upper leaves occurs.
  • Do use deep summer ploughing and soil solarization to control root-knot nematode.
  • Neem cake @ 200kg/ha for effective control.
  • Use Paecilomyces Lilacinus 1 % wp Mix 2 – 4 kg per acre in 50 kg well rotten Fym/compost/vermicompost/field soil and then incorporate in the field at the time of field preparation, sowing/transplanting. for effective control of Root-knot nematodes infection.

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Control of sucking pest in Bottle gourd by neem-based products

  • Neem oils are most effective against small, soft-bodied insects and mites that are immobile or slow-moving such as thrips, aphids, scales, leafhopper nymphs, and whiteflies.
  • Apply neem cake@ 40 kg/ acre at sowing and after 30 days.
  • Spray PNSPE (4%) or neem/Pongamia soap ( 8-10 gm/liter of water) at 10 days interval.

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“Neemastra” A Bio-Insecticides

Neemastra- It is a very effective biological insecticide, which is used for controlling the sucking pest and caterpillar.

Method-

First, put 5 kg of neem leaves and 5 kg of neem fruit in a plastic basket, and add 5 litres cow urine and 1 kg cow dung. Mix well all these ingredients with wooden stick and keep them covered with net. This solution will be ready after 48 hours. After this, add 100 litres water in neemastra and it can be used as insecticide.

Advantage-

  • No harmful for humans, environments and crops.
  • Improvement of the structure of the land due to its biological decomposition.
  • It’s effected on harmful insects and safe for beneficial insects.
  • It is a good and cheap solution for the farmers.
  • Use of biological pesticides will not developed to tolerance and resistance in pests / diseases, while the use of many chemical insecticides is creating resistance in insects, due to which their use is becoming unusable.

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