Tip of the day – Page 98

How to increase the number of flowers in watermelon crop

The sowing of watermelon crops has been completed for about a month.
After the completion of one month, the flowering stage starts in the watermelon crop.
In the stage of flowering, it is very necessary to take some measures to produce good flowers and to avoid untimely flower drop.
Spray Homobrassinolide @ 100 ml/acre to ensure good flowering and avoid flower drop.
Simultaneously spray of Gibberellic acid @ 300 ml/acre for good growth of watermelon plant

For the recommendation of fertilizer and fertilizer quantity in the field by examining the level of nutrients in the soil and determining the balanced amount of elements according to the crop and variety.
For important advice and suggestions to make such land arable by recommending the quantity and type of reformers for identifying and improving the acidity, salinity and alkalinity of the soil.
To find out the suitability of the land for planting fruit orchards.
To prepare a soil fertility map. This map is important for determining various crop production plans and gives information about fertilizer use in a particular area.

The nymph and adult thrips insect, suck the cell sap by scraping the leaves of watermelon plants, on the soft stalk, buds and flowers of the plant, it becomes curly because of thrips infestation. Due to its effect, the plants remain stunted.
To control thrips, spray Lambda Cyhalothrin 4.9% CS @ 200 ml/acre or Profenophos 50% EC @ 500 ml/acre or Fipronil 5% SC @ 400 ml/acre at 15 days interval.
Use the pesticide at an interval of 15 days.

This stage of green gram crop, has problems related to pest infestation, fungal diseases, and growth and development.
To overcome all these problems, in the green gram, it is very important to manage crops during 15-20 days.
To control insect infestation, spray Acetamiprid @ 20% SP@ 100 gram/acre
As a biological control, use Beauveria Bassiana @ 250 gram/acre.
Spray of Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% @ 300 gram/acre for control of fungal diseases
Use Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gram/acre as a biological control of fungal diseases
For good crop growth and development, use vigormaxx gel @ 400 gram/acre + 19: 19: 19 @ 1 kg / acre as spray.

Green gram is cultivated on a large scale in many districts of Madhya Pradesh.
Green gram is included in the major pulses crops and it is a short duration crop with good production.
Farmers should pay special attention to weeds for about 20 to 30 days after sowing of Green gram.
Because in the early stages weeds cause heavy damages to the crop.
Farmers should use Pendimethalin 38.7 CS @ 700 ml/acre in as a pre-emergence herbicide in green gram crop.

In the watermelon crop, the flowering stage starts in 30–35 days.
In insect infestation, thrips, aphid leaf miner and many other sucking insects are attacks on watermelon crops .
In fungal and bacterial diseases, there is heavy infestation of diseases like leaf scorching,root rot, stem rot etc.
Use of Abamectin 1.9% EC @ 150 ml/acre for control of leafminers
Use Acetamiprid 20% SP @ 100 gram/acre for the control of sucking insects.
As a biological control of both types of insects, use Beauveria Bassiana @ 250 gram/acre.
Use Thiophanate Methyl 70% WP @ 300 gram/acre for control of all types of fungal diseases
As biological control of fungal diseases.use Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gram/acre.

Molybdenum is a micronutrient that green gram crops require in very small amounts.
But its very small quantity is also very important for good growth of green gram crop.
Molybdenum plays a very important role in chemical changes in nitrogen in green gram crops.
Growth of green gram crops is not proper, due to deficiency of molybdenum.
Yellowing occurs on the edges of the leaves. Symptoms of molybdenum deficiency are similar to nitrogen deficiency.

Do not take samples from the land under the tree, from the meds or the low places, where there is a pile of manure, or where water gets collected.
For soil testing, take the sample in such a way that it represents the entire field, at least 500 grams of the sample must be taken.
Remove organic materials such as crop residue, dry leaves, stalks and grasses etc. from the top surface of the soil and choose samples from 8-10 different locations according to the area of the field.
Soil sampling should be done from the depth at which the root crop is taken.
Soil samples should be collected in a clean bucket or tagari etc.
Make sure to label the sample precisely.

Aphids are small, soft-bodied small insects that can be yellow, brown, green, or black.
They usually suck the sap from the plant by forming groups on the corners of small leaves and twigs and secrete sticky substance (honeydew), which increases the chances of fungal diseases.
Leaves and twigs may wither or become yellow due to severe infestation.
Spraying of Thiamethoxam 25% WG @ 100 gram/acre or Imidacloprid 17.8 %SL @ 100 ml/acre or Flonicamid 50% WG @ 60 gram/ acre to protect against aphid.
Use Beauveria Bassiana @ 250 gram/acre as biological treatment.

This is a seed borne disease ,and it’s caused by a fungus called ustilago segetum.
The infected seed appears to be healthy.
Symptoms of this disease are visible only when spikes are formed. In infected plants in spikes black powder ( spores) found instead of grains
Which also infects seeds produced in other healthy spikes by being suspended in the air.
Seed treatment is the best way to control this disease.
Apart from this, for the control of this disease use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gram/acre or Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% @ 600 gram/acre or Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG @ 500 gram/acre
Spray Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gram/acre as a biological treatment.