Tip of the day – Page 64

Save the watermelon crop from leaf miner attack

18/02/2022 Friday February 18th, 2022

The outbreak of this pest is more visible when the watermelon crop remains in the two-leaf stage.
Due to this insect, white zigzag stripes are formed on the leaves. These streaks are caused by the caterpillar making a tunnel inside the leaf.
Due to the attack of this insect, the growth of the watermelon plant stops and the plants remain small.
There is a great impact on the ability of plants to bear fruit and flowers infested with these pests.
The use of the following products is very important for its control-
Spray Abamectin 1.9% EC [Abacin] @ 150 ml or Spinosad 45% SC [Tracer] @ 60 ml per acre in the chemical.
In organic, spray Beauveria bassiana [Bave curb] at the rate of 250 gm per acre.

Right time of sowing moong and field preparation

17/02/2022 Thursday February 17th, 2022

In the summer season, short-duration crop moong is a better option for the farmers.
The appropriate time for sowing summer moong crops is from the third week of February to the first week of April.
At this time, moong is a better option for farmers to grow during the short duration crop in zaid season.
The appropriate time for sowing summer moong crops is from February to March and June-July is the appropriate time for sowing Kharif moong.
Loamy to sandy loamy soil is considered best for the cultivation of moong.
For this, the ideal pH value of the soil is considered to be 6.5 to 7.5.
For the preparation of the summer moong field, after harvesting rabi crops, ploughing the field should be done after leaving it for 4-5 days. After irrigation, do 2-3 ploughing with an indigenous plough or cultivator and make the field flat and friable by applying a leveler. Due to this, the moisture is conserved in it and the seeds get good germination.

Types of Seed treatments and its methods

16/02/2022 Wednesday February 16th, 2022

Seed treatment is a process in which plants are treated with chemicals, biologicals or heat to keep them free from diseases and pests. Seed treatment with bacterial culture is also done for nutrient fixation.

Methods of seed treatment-

Wet method: Spread the seed on a polythene or floor, sprinkle lightly with water. Put the recommended amount of chemicals or biologicals on the seed pile, mix it well with gloved hands and dry it in the shade.

Dry Method: Keep the seed in a vessel, mix chemicals in the recommended quantity and close the pot and shake it well then keep the mixed seed in the shade.

Slurry seed treatment: To make a slurry, mix the recommended amount of chemical in 10 litres of water in a tub or large vessel. Keep the seeds in this solution for 10 to 15 minutes, then dry the seeds in the shade.

Hot water treatment: Heat the water in a metal vessel to 52 °C. Leave the seed in that vessel for 30 minutes, keep in mind that the above temperature should be maintained throughout the process. Dry the seed in the shade and then sow it.

Important tips to be done after 45 days of onion transplanting

15/02/2022

The crop requires special care at different stages after transplanting onions. Today we will talk about the good growth and plant protection of the crop after 45 days of planting onions.
Often at this time, there is a possibility of more outbreaks of root rot and purple blotch disease in fungal diseases and thrips is the major sucking pest on the crop.
The following suggestions can be adopted to protect the crop from their infestation-
Spray with Gibberellic Acid [Novamaxx] 300 ml + Fipronil 40% + Imidacloprid 40% WG [Police] 40 gm + Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG [Swadheen] @ 500 gm per acre in water.
For biological control of diseases, Pseudomonas [Monas curb] 250 gm/acre and for insects, Beauveria bassiana [Bave curb] can be sprayed at the rate of 250 gm/acre.

Know the importance of seed treatment in summer moong

14/02/2022 Sunday February 13th, 2022

After harvesting Rabi crops, farmers can get additional income by sowing moong crops instead of leaving their fields empty in the summer season.
Seed treatment before sowing can easily control seed-borne and soil-borne diseases and increase crop germination.
By treating the seeds, uniform germination is seen in the seeds.
As seed treatment, use Carbendazim 12%+ Mancozeb 63% [ Carmanova] @ 2.5 gm/kg of seed to control soil borne harmful fungi.
For its biological treatment, do seed treatment of Trichoderma viride [Rhizocare] @ 5-10 gm/kg seed or Pseudomonas fluorescens [Monas karb] @ 5-10 gm/kg seed.
Use Thiamethoxam FS formulation [Reno] @ 4 ml/kg of seed to prevent pest infestation.
Finally, sow the seed after seed treatment with special Rhizobium culture [Jaivatika-R] @ 5 gm/kg seed.

Major insect pests in stored crops

13/02/2022 Sunday February 13th, 2022

The most important task after harvesting is grain storage. By storing grain by the scientific method, the grain can be preserved for a long time. Often the pests of food grains belong to Coleoptera and Lepidoptera, which cause more damage in the condition of high moisture and temperature in the stored grains.
Insects that attack in storage grains are as follows: Small grain borer, Khapra beetle, red flour beetle, pulses beetle, grain fly, rice moth etc.
All these pests eat grains and become hollow during storage, which affects the market price of the produce.
To keep the grain safe from these pests, clean the godowns thoroughly before storing them, and By burning neem leaves, make smoke in the place of storage.
Store the grains after drying them properly, and while storing, use chemical grain gold @ 1 ampule per quintal of grains.

Know what is the function of zinc solubilizing bacteria

13/02/2022 Sunday February 13th, 2022

Zinc solubilizing bacteria is the most important bacterial culture.
It provides a soluble form of zinc to the plant from insoluble zinc that is present in the soil. It is one of the most important micronutrients for plant growth.
It can also be used for soil treatment, seed treatment, and spraying.
For soil treatment, use a 4 kg/acre mix with 50-100 kg of cow dung, vermicompost and broadcast it in the field before sowing.
For seed treatment, use 5-10 gram/kg seed.
Use 500-1 kg/acre as a spray after sowing.

Add Samriddhi kit to watermelon crop and extract tremendous yield

12/02/2022 Friday February 11th, 2022

Gramophone special watermelon flood samridhi kit contains Consortia of NPK Bacteria (TB3), Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria (TABA G), Seaweed Extract, Amino Acids, Humic Acid and Mycorrhiza (Maxxmyco), Trichoderma viride (Combat) Which is helpful in better yield of the crop. The functions of the products available in this kit are as follows –

TB 3- Three types of bacteria Nitrogen fixation, Phosphorus soluble, Potash mobilizing bacteria are included in this product. It helps in the supply of three major elements nitrogen, potash and phosphorus in the soil and crop.
Taba G – The bacteria available in it convert the insoluble zinc present in the soil into soluble and make it available to the plants. Zinc is one of the most important micronutrients for plant growth.
Maxxmyco – Seaweed, amino acid, and humic acid available in it increase the number of flowers and fruits. Increases the fertility of the soil by removing the weaknesses of the plant.
Mycorrhiza forms a good connection between plant roots and the soil around them, which allows the fungus to increase nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to the plant and support root development.
Combat- It is a biological fungicide that kills soil and seed-borne pathogens thereby preventing serious diseases like root rot, stem rot, wilt disease and accelerating root development.

Management of rust disease in wheat

12/02/2022 Saturday February 12th, 2022

This disease is mainly seen in wheat crops. It is caused by a fungus called Puccinia recondita tritici which is also known as brown rust, yellow rust or black rust.
The hallmark of this disease is that in the initial stage, the symptoms appear on the upper surface of the leaves, which later become denser and spread over the entire leaf.
The sick leaves dry up quickly, due to which the process of photosynthesis also decreases and the grain becomes lighter. With increasing temperature, the colour of these spots turns black on the lower surface of the leaves.
For chemical control of this disease, spray Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml or Propiconazole 25% EC @ 200 ml or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC @ 200 ml/acre.
For biological control, spray Trichoderma viride @ 500 gm /acre or Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre.

Biological control of termites

11/02/2022 Friday February 11th, 2022

Crops like tomato, chilli, brinjal, cauliflower, cabbage, mustard, radish, wheat etc. are the major crops affected by termites. It damages the roots of plants by staying in the soil.
Proper management is necessary to control this pest.
Seeds should be sown after seed treatment.
Must treat soil with insecticide Metarhizium anisopliae.
Raw dung manure should not be used, as raw dung is the staple food of this insect. Therefore, use cow dung after proper composting.
For termite control in standing crops, apply neem oil at the rate of 1-1.5 litres per acre with irrigation water, Or mix with 15 – 20 kg of sand and irrigate after broadcasting.
In termite affected areas, apply 200 kg of castor cake per acre at the time of the last ploughing

The outbreak of this pest is more visible when the watermelon crop remains in the two-leaf stage.

Due to this insect, white zigzag stripes are formed on the leaves. These streaks are caused by the caterpillar making a tunnel inside the leaf.

Due to the attack of this insect, the growth of the watermelon plant stops and the plants remain small.

There is a great impact on the ability of plants to bear fruit and flowers infested with these pests.

The use of the following products is very important for its control-

Spray Abamectin 1.9% EC [Abacin] @ 150 ml or Spinosad 45% SC [Tracer] @ 60 ml per acre in the chemical.

In organic, spray Beauveria bassiana [Bave curb] at the rate of 250 gm per acre.

In the summer season, short-duration crop moong is a better option for the farmers.

The appropriate time for sowing summer moong crops is from the third week of February to the first week of April.

At this time, moong is a better option for farmers to grow during the short duration crop in zaid season.

The appropriate time for sowing summer moong crops is from February to March and June-July is the appropriate time for sowing Kharif moong.

Loamy to sandy loamy soil is considered best for the cultivation of moong.

For this, the ideal pH value of the soil is considered to be 6.5 to 7.5.

Seed treatment is a process in which plants are treated with chemicals, biologicals or heat to keep them free from diseases and pests. Seed treatment with bacterial culture is also done for nutrient fixation.

Methods of seed treatment-

Wet method: Spread the seed on a polythene or floor, sprinkle lightly with water. Put the recommended amount of chemicals or biologicals on the seed pile, mix it well with gloved hands and dry it in the shade.

Dry Method: Keep the seed in a vessel, mix chemicals in the recommended quantity and close the pot and shake it well then keep the mixed seed in the shade.

Slurry seed treatment: To make a slurry, mix the recommended amount of chemical in 10 litres of water in a tub or large vessel. Keep the seeds in this solution for 10 to 15 minutes, then dry the seeds in the shade.

Hot water treatment: Heat the water in a metal vessel to 52 °C. Leave the seed in that vessel for 30 minutes, keep in mind that the above temperature should be maintained throughout the process. Dry the seed in the shade and then sow it.

The crop requires special care at different stages after transplanting onions. Today we will talk about the good growth and plant protection of the crop after 45 days of planting onions.

Often at this time, there is a possibility of more outbreaks of root rot and purple blotch disease in fungal diseases and thrips is the major sucking pest on the crop.

The following suggestions can be adopted to protect the crop from their infestation-

Spray with Gibberellic Acid [Novamaxx] 300 ml + Fipronil 40% + Imidacloprid 40% WG [Police] 40 gm + Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG [Swadheen] @ 500 gm per acre in water.

For biological control of diseases, Pseudomonas [Monas curb] 250 gm/acre and for insects, Beauveria bassiana [Bave curb] can be sprayed at the rate of 250 gm/acre.

After harvesting Rabi crops, farmers can get additional income by sowing moong crops instead of leaving their fields empty in the summer season.

Seed treatment before sowing can easily control seed-borne and soil-borne diseases and increase crop germination.

By treating the seeds, uniform germination is seen in the seeds.

As seed treatment, use Carbendazim 12%+ Mancozeb 63% [ Carmanova] @ 2.5 gm/kg of seed to control soil borne harmful fungi.

For its biological treatment, do seed treatment of Trichoderma viride [Rhizocare] @ 5-10 gm/kg seed or Pseudomonas fluorescens [Monas karb] @ 5-10 gm/kg seed.

Use Thiamethoxam FS formulation [Reno] @ 4 ml/kg of seed to prevent pest infestation.

Finally, sow the seed after seed treatment with special Rhizobium culture [Jaivatika-R] @ 5 gm/kg seed.

Insects that attack in storage grains are as follows: Small grain borer, Khapra beetle, red flour beetle, pulses beetle, grain fly, rice moth etc.

All these pests eat grains and become hollow during storage, which affects the market price of the produce.

To keep the grain safe from these pests, clean the godowns thoroughly before storing them, and By burning neem leaves, make smoke in the place of storage.

Store the grains after drying them properly, and while storing, use chemical grain gold @ 1 ampule per quintal of grains.

Zinc solubilizing bacteria is the most important bacterial culture.

It provides a soluble form of zinc to the plant from insoluble zinc that is present in the soil. It is one of the most important micronutrients for plant growth.

It can also be used for soil treatment, seed treatment, and spraying.

For soil treatment, use a 4 kg/acre mix with 50-100 kg of cow dung, vermicompost and broadcast it in the field before sowing.

For seed treatment, use 5-10 gram/kg seed.

Use 500-1 kg/acre as a spray after sowing.

TB 3- Three types of bacteria Nitrogen fixation, Phosphorus soluble, Potash mobilizing bacteria are included in this product. It helps in the supply of three major elements nitrogen, potash and phosphorus in the soil and crop.

Taba G – The bacteria available in it convert the insoluble zinc present in the soil into soluble and make it available to the plants. Zinc is one of the most important micronutrients for plant growth.

Maxxmyco – Seaweed, amino acid, and humic acid available in it increase the number of flowers and fruits. Increases the fertility of the soil by removing the weaknesses of the plant.

Mycorrhiza forms a good connection between plant roots and the soil around them, which allows the fungus to increase nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus to the plant and support root development.

Combat- It is a biological fungicide that kills soil and seed-borne pathogens thereby preventing serious diseases like root rot, stem rot, wilt disease and accelerating root development.

This disease is mainly seen in wheat crops. It is caused by a fungus called Puccinia recondita tritici which is also known as brown rust, yellow rust or black rust.

The hallmark of this disease is that in the initial stage, the symptoms appear on the upper surface of the leaves, which later become denser and spread over the entire leaf.

The sick leaves dry up quickly, due to which the process of photosynthesis also decreases and the grain becomes lighter. With increasing temperature, the colour of these spots turns black on the lower surface of the leaves.

For chemical control of this disease, spray Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml or Propiconazole 25% EC @ 200 ml or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC @ 200 ml/acre.

For biological control, spray Trichoderma viride @ 500 gm /acre or Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre.

Crops like tomato, chilli, brinjal, cauliflower, cabbage, mustard, radish, wheat etc. are the major crops affected by termites. It damages the roots of plants by staying in the soil.

Proper management is necessary to control this pest.

Seeds should be sown after seed treatment.

Must treat soil with insecticide Metarhizium anisopliae.

Raw dung manure should not be used, as raw dung is the staple food of this insect. Therefore, use cow dung after proper composting.

For termite control in standing crops, apply neem oil at the rate of 1-1.5 litres per acre with irrigation water, Or mix with 15 – 20 kg of sand and irrigate after broadcasting.

In termite affected areas, apply 200 kg of castor cake per acre at the time of the last ploughing