Tip of the day – Page 62

Important tips for the storage of wheat crop

27/02/2022 Sunday February 27th, 2022

At present, wheat threshing work is going on in full swing in the fields. After this, the next process is wheat storage.
While storing wheat, keeping the following things in mind, you can keep the grains safe for a long time-
The grains should not have more than 10-12% moisture content for safe storage. Excess moisture makes the grain prone to pest and fungus outbreaks. Therefore, dry the wheat thoroughly before storage, after drying, if the grain breaks with the sound of cracking when pressed with the teeth, then understand that it is completely dry and is fit for storage.
After drying the grains in the sun, keep them in the shade for some time before storage, so that the heat of the grains goes out.
To keep the grain safe from pests, clean the godowns thoroughly before storing them, and burn neem leaves and smoke in the warehouse.
Use chemical grain gold @ 1 ampule per quintal of grains while storing or after storage, the warehouse should be closed by keeping two tablets of aluminium phosphide 3 gm per tonne of grains.

For more such important information related to smart agriculture, read Gramophone’s articles daily. Share this article with your friends by clicking on the share button.

Control of cutworm in maize

27/02/2022 Sunday February 27th, 2022

The larvae of the cutworm are black in colour, which when fully developed, that is, 1 to 2 inches long, remains hidden in the soil during the day, and at night cuts the new plant from the area near the soil.
The caterpillars of the cutworm live on the leaves and by eating the leaves from the middle, they make a mesh-like structure on them.
Symptoms of damage include shrunken leaves and wilted plants.
For its control, Chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 1 litre, mix in 20 kg sand and put it in the field at the rate of per acre or use Chlorpyriphos 10% granules [Lethal 10 G GR] @ 4 kg per acre at the time of sowing.
Dig out the soil of the cut plant, take out the caterpillar and destroy it.
In standing crop spray Profenofos 40% + Cypermethrin 04% EC (ProfeNova) 400 ml or Emamectin Benzoate 5% SC (EmaNova) 100 gm or Novaluron 5.25% + Emamectin benzoate 0.9% w/w SC (Barazide) 600 ml/acre.
For biological control, spray Bavaria bassiana (Bava curb) @ 250 gm/acre.

With the sowing of the crop, connect your farm with the My Farm section of Gramophone app and keep on getting the exact advice and solutions related to smart agriculture throughout the crop cycle. Share this article with your friends with the share button below.

Crab farming can be beneficial for farmers, learn the whole process

26/02/2022 Monday April 11th, 2022

The demand for the crab found in the mud has increased very much abroad. Indian farmers can also earn good income from crab farming. The larger species of crabs are known as “green mud crab” and the smaller species are known as “red claw”. The demand for both these species is very high in the domestic and foreign market.

Crab farming can be done in two ways. One is the grow-out method and the other is the fattening method. Under the grow-out method, small crabs are left in the pond for 5-6 months to increase the expected size. At the same time, small crabs are followed in the fattening method. In this, the weight of 200 grams of crab increases by 25-50 grams in 1 month. This process of weight gain continues for 9–10 months.

After good adherence, the crabs reach 1 to 2 kg of weight. Its demand is very high in both foreign and domestic markets, so it is more likely to get good profits from it.

Source: Vikaspedia

For such new and important information about the agriculture sector, keep reading the articles of Gramophone app daily. Share this article with your friends by clicking the share button below.

Important tips to be done after 30-35 days of sowing watermelon

26/02/2022 Thursday February 24th, 2022

In the watermelon crop, the flowering stage starts in 30–35 days.
At this time, In insect infestation, thrips, aphids, leaf miner and many other sucking insects attack watermelon crops. Talking about diseases at this time, In fungal and bacterial diseases, there is a heavy infestation of diseases like leaf blight, root rot, stem rot etc.
By adopting the given recommendations in this growth stage, the crop can be protected.
Chemical Recommendations – Spray Acetamiprid 20% SP [Novaceta] @ 100 gm + Thiophanate Methyl 70% W/W [Mildew Vip] @ 300 gm + Abamectin 1.9% EC [Abacin] @ 150 ml/acre.
Organic Recommendations – Beauveria bassiana [Bave curb] @ 250 gm as pest control and Pseudomonas fluorescens [Monas curb] @ 250 gm/acre to control fungal diseases.
At this stage of plants, for more flowering, use homobrassinolide 0.04 W/W [Double] 100 ml per acre.

Symptoms of greening disease in citrus

24/02/2022 Thursday February 24th, 2022

Citrus Greening is considered to be the most destructive disease of citrus. Once a tree is infected, there is no effective control or cure for the disease.
The vector of this disease is citrus psylla insect and grafting process.
Due to this disease, the leaves of the plants remain small and grow upwards.
More leaves and fruits start falling from the plants and the plant remains dwarf.
Infected branches show symptoms of dieback, while other branches appear healthy.
The fruits of diseased plants remain green even after ripening. If such fruits are seen against sunlight, then yellow spots appear on their peels.
Fruits of infected plants are small, distorted, have less juice and taste unpleasant.
Management- This disease is transmitted by grafting, so budwood should be used from healthy plants.
Can spray Quinalphos [Celquin] 700 ml or Profenofos 40% + Cypermethrin 04% EC [ProfeNova] 400 ml/acre.

For information related to agriculture and farmers, read the articles of Gramophone daily. Don’t forget to share this article with your friends using the share button below.

Important agricultural work to be done in crops this week

24/02/2022 Thursday February 24th, 2022

This week is very important for both the harvesting of Rabi crops and the sowing of many new crops.
If 75% of the mustard pods turn golden in colour, then start harvesting.
When the moisture content of the gram is about 15 %, start the harvesting process.
When the wheat grains become hard after-ripening and the moisture content in the crop is less than 20 %, then harvesting should be done.
After 25 to 30 days after transplanting paddy, control weeds and apply urea.
The farmers who have only one to two irrigation facilities available can plan for summer moong or urad cultivation after harvesting the rabi crop.
To provide easy fodder to the animals during the summer season, maize, cowpea and some special varieties of sorghum can be sown at this time. On the other hand, you can sow cucurbits in vegetables and can prepare tomato, chilli, brinjal nurseries.
If leaf minor problem is observed in watermelon, muskmelon field, Spray Abamectin 1.9% EC [Abacin] @ 150 ml or Spinosad 45% SC [Tracer] @ 60 ml per acre.
If the farmers have harvested the Rabi crop, then do not burn the crop residues.

For information related to agriculture and farmers, read the articles of Gramophone daily. Don’t forget to share this article with your friends using the share button below.

Know the symptoms and identification of nutrient deficiency in onion crop

23/02/2022 Wednesday February 23rd, 2022

In addition to the primary nutrients, micronutrients are also required in the onion crops. When there is no supply of these nutrients in the soil, it starts showing deficiency symptoms on the crop. The following are the symptoms of deficiency of some key nutrients –
Nitrogen- leaves are yellowish-green, small and curled from upwards, in the stage of bulb ripening, the tissue on the bulb remains soft.
Phosphorus- Leaves become light green, leaf tips appear burnt, crop matures late.
Potash- Leaves become dark green and straight, older leaves start turning yellow and spots appear on them.
Sulfur- The green colour of the leaves is lost and has a uniform yellow appearance.
Manganese- Leaves become lighter in colour and curled upwards. The tip of the leaves starts burning, stunted crop growth. Late bulb formation and become thick from the neck.
Zinc- Leaves are pale yellow, white stripes are formed.
Iron- First symptoms appear on young leaves, the central veins of new leaves turn yellow.

For information related to agriculture and farmers, read the articles of Gramophone daily. Don’t forget to share this article with your friends using the share button below.

Rubberification and premature sprouting of bulbs in Garlic

21/02/2022

Rubberification and premature sprouting of bulbs are major physiological disorders in garlic.
This problem is mainly seen near the ripening of the garlic crop.
Its main symptom is that the buds prematurely germinate in the parent plant.
All the buds of the grown bulb sprout and a cluster of new leaves appear around the main stem. This spoils the garlic.
For its management, make balanced use of fertilizers do not use urea in excess and avoid irregular irrigation.
This problem is visible in those fields where nutrients accumulate on the lower surface during heavy rains.
This problem is more severe in the month of April-August when due to heavy rains the moisture level in the soil is high at the time of maturity of the crop.

With the sowing of the crop, connect your farm with the My Farm section of Gramophone app and keep on getting the exact advice and solutions related to smart agriculture throughout the crop cycle. Share this article with your friends with the share button below.

Know the proper time for harvesting mustard and other important facts

21/02/2022 Monday September 25th, 2023

The mustard crop is ready for harvesting in the month of February to March.
Farmers can get more yield by keeping the following things in mind at the time of harvesting mustard –
Harvest the crop when 75% of the mustard pods turn yellow.
It is very important to harvest at the right time. When harvesting is delayed, the pods start bursting.
Many times, due to delays in harvesting, the grain weight and oil content in the grains get reduced.
It is more beneficial to do the work of harvesting mustard in the morning. Due to the dew falling at night, the pods become moist.
After harvesting, keep the crop dry for a few days in the sun.
When the moisture in the seed is up to 15 to 20 %, then thresh the mustard seeds.

For such important information related to agriculture and farmers, definitely read the articles of Gramophone daily. Don’t forget to share this article with your friends using the share button below.

Know, why is the pH value of the soil important?

20/02/2022 Sunday February 20th, 2022

The acidic, alkaline and neutral nature of the soil is determined by the pH value of the soil.
Its decrease or increase directly affects the growth of crops.
In areas where there is a problem of pH value, suitable varieties of the crop are sown which can tolerate acidity and alkalinity.
The optimum pH value of the soil is considered to be between 6.5 to 7.5 because the soil with this pH value absorbs the nutrients in greater quantities by the plants.
If the pH value is less than 6.5, the soil is acidic, if it is more than 7.5 the soil is alkaline and when it is 7 it is neutral in nature.
The pH value of the soil can be found by using a pH meter or litmus paper.
It is recommended to apply lime for acidic soil and gypsum for alkaline soil.

For information related to agriculture and farmers, read the articles of Gramophone daily. Don’t forget to share this article with your friends using the share button below.

At present, wheat threshing work is going on in full swing in the fields. After this, the next process is wheat storage.

While storing wheat, keeping the following things in mind, you can keep the grains safe for a long time-

After drying the grains in the sun, keep them in the shade for some time before storage, so that the heat of the grains goes out.

To keep the grain safe from pests, clean the godowns thoroughly before storing them, and burn neem leaves and smoke in the warehouse.

Use chemical grain gold @ 1 ampule per quintal of grains while storing or after storage, the warehouse should be closed by keeping two tablets of aluminium phosphide 3 gm per tonne of grains.

The larvae of the cutworm are black in colour, which when fully developed, that is, 1 to 2 inches long, remains hidden in the soil during the day, and at night cuts the new plant from the area near the soil.

The caterpillars of the cutworm live on the leaves and by eating the leaves from the middle, they make a mesh-like structure on them.

Symptoms of damage include shrunken leaves and wilted plants.

For its control, Chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 1 litre, mix in 20 kg sand and put it in the field at the rate of per acre or use Chlorpyriphos 10% granules [Lethal 10 G GR] @ 4 kg per acre at the time of sowing.

Dig out the soil of the cut plant, take out the caterpillar and destroy it.

In standing crop spray Profenofos 40% + Cypermethrin 04% EC (ProfeNova) 400 ml or Emamectin Benzoate 5% SC (EmaNova) 100 gm or Novaluron 5.25% + Emamectin benzoate 0.9% w/w SC (Barazide) 600 ml/acre.

For biological control, spray Bavaria bassiana (Bava curb) @ 250 gm/acre.

After good adherence, the crabs reach 1 to 2 kg of weight. Its demand is very high in both foreign and domestic markets, so it is more likely to get good profits from it.

Source: Vikaspedia

In the watermelon crop, the flowering stage starts in 30–35 days.

At this time, In insect infestation, thrips, aphids, leaf miner and many other sucking insects attack watermelon crops. Talking about diseases at this time, In fungal and bacterial diseases, there is a heavy infestation of diseases like leaf blight, root rot, stem rot etc.

By adopting the given recommendations in this growth stage, the crop can be protected.

Chemical Recommendations – Spray Acetamiprid 20% SP [Novaceta] @ 100 gm + Thiophanate Methyl 70% W/W [Mildew Vip] @ 300 gm + Abamectin 1.9% EC [Abacin] @ 150 ml/acre.

Organic Recommendations – Beauveria bassiana [Bave curb] @ 250 gm as pest control and Pseudomonas fluorescens [Monas curb] @ 250 gm/acre to control fungal diseases.

At this stage of plants, for more flowering, use homobrassinolide 0.04 W/W [Double] 100 ml per acre.

Citrus Greening is considered to be the most destructive disease of citrus. Once a tree is infected, there is no effective control or cure for the disease.

The vector of this disease is citrus psylla insect and grafting process.

Due to this disease, the leaves of the plants remain small and grow upwards.

More leaves and fruits start falling from the plants and the plant remains dwarf.

Infected branches show symptoms of dieback, while other branches appear healthy.

The fruits of diseased plants remain green even after ripening. If such fruits are seen against sunlight, then yellow spots appear on their peels.

Fruits of infected plants are small, distorted, have less juice and taste unpleasant.

Management- This disease is transmitted by grafting, so budwood should be used from healthy plants.

Can spray Quinalphos [Celquin] 700 ml or Profenofos 40% + Cypermethrin 04% EC [ProfeNova] 400 ml/acre.

This week is very important for both the harvesting of Rabi crops and the sowing of many new crops.

If 75% of the mustard pods turn golden in colour, then start harvesting.

When the moisture content of the gram is about 15 %, start the harvesting process.

When the wheat grains become hard after-ripening and the moisture content in the crop is less than 20 %, then harvesting should be done.

After 25 to 30 days after transplanting paddy, control weeds and apply urea.

The farmers who have only one to two irrigation facilities available can plan for summer moong or urad cultivation after harvesting the rabi crop.

To provide easy fodder to the animals during the summer season, maize, cowpea and some special varieties of sorghum can be sown at this time. On the other hand, you can sow cucurbits in vegetables and can prepare tomato, chilli, brinjal nurseries.

If leaf minor problem is observed in watermelon, muskmelon field, Spray Abamectin 1.9% EC [Abacin] @ 150 ml or Spinosad 45% SC [Tracer] @ 60 ml per acre.

If the farmers have harvested the Rabi crop, then do not burn the crop residues.

In addition to the primary nutrients, micronutrients are also required in the onion crops. When there is no supply of these nutrients in the soil, it starts showing deficiency symptoms on the crop. The following are the symptoms of deficiency of some key nutrients –

Nitrogen- leaves are yellowish-green, small and curled from upwards, in the stage of bulb ripening, the tissue on the bulb remains soft.

Phosphorus- Leaves become light green, leaf tips appear burnt, crop matures late.

Potash- Leaves become dark green and straight, older leaves start turning yellow and spots appear on them.

Sulfur- The green colour of the leaves is lost and has a uniform yellow appearance.

Manganese- Leaves become lighter in colour and curled upwards. The tip of the leaves starts burning, stunted crop growth. Late bulb formation and become thick from the neck.

Zinc- Leaves are pale yellow, white stripes are formed.

Iron- First symptoms appear on young leaves, the central veins of new leaves turn yellow.

Rubberification and premature sprouting of bulbs are major physiological disorders in garlic.

This problem is mainly seen near the ripening of the garlic crop.

Its main symptom is that the buds prematurely germinate in the parent plant.

All the buds of the grown bulb sprout and a cluster of new leaves appear around the main stem. This spoils the garlic.

For its management, make balanced use of fertilizers do not use urea in excess and avoid irregular irrigation.

This problem is visible in those fields where nutrients accumulate on the lower surface during heavy rains.

This problem is more severe in the month of April-August when due to heavy rains the moisture level in the soil is high at the time of maturity of the crop.

The mustard crop is ready for harvesting in the month of February to March.

Farmers can get more yield by keeping the following things in mind at the time of harvesting mustard –

Harvest the crop when 75% of the mustard pods turn yellow.

It is very important to harvest at the right time. When harvesting is delayed, the pods start bursting.

Many times, due to delays in harvesting, the grain weight and oil content in the grains get reduced.

It is more beneficial to do the work of harvesting mustard in the morning. Due to the dew falling at night, the pods become moist.

After harvesting, keep the crop dry for a few days in the sun.

When the moisture in the seed is up to 15 to 20 %, then thresh the mustard seeds.

The acidic, alkaline and neutral nature of the soil is determined by the pH value of the soil.

Its decrease or increase directly affects the growth of crops.

In areas where there is a problem of pH value, suitable varieties of the crop are sown which can tolerate acidity and alkalinity.

The optimum pH value of the soil is considered to be between 6.5 to 7.5 because the soil with this pH value absorbs the nutrients in greater quantities by the plants.

If the pH value is less than 6.5, the soil is acidic, if it is more than 7.5 the soil is alkaline and when it is 7 it is neutral in nature.

The pH value of the soil can be found by using a pH meter or litmus paper.

It is recommended to apply lime for acidic soil and gypsum for alkaline soil.