Tip of the day – Page 109

Management of black rot disease in cabbage

Early symptoms include yellow spots appearing on the leaves.
Later these symptoms grow inside the leaves and the stem.
These symptoms is what that differentiate black rot from wilt disease
As the disease is spread the cabbage leaves turn brown.
For effective control of this disease use Streptocycline @ 20 gram/acre Validamycin 3% SL@ 300 ml/acre or Copper hydroxide 77% WP @ 750 gram/acre or Kasugamycin 5% + Copper oxychloride 45% WP@ 400 gram/acre
As a biological treatment, spray Pseudomonas fluorescens@ 250 gram/acre.

Spotted wilt virus in tomato is spread by thrips.
The initial symptom of this disease is Violet brown spots on new leaves of tomato plants.
These spots gradually turn into rings.
These spots get unified into big spots and begin destroying the tissues of the leaves.
Increased infection can affect the ripening process of tomato fruit.
Light yellow colored spots are formed on the unripe fruits, slowly these spots grow into large size spots.
To prevent this, use Fipronil 5% SC @ 400 ml/acre or Lambda cyhalothrin 4.9% CS @ 200 ml/acre or Spinosad 45% SC @ 75 ml/acre.
Use Bavaria Basiana @ 250 ml/acre as a biological treatment.

The disease spreads by Phytophthora fungus. Late blight is a serious disease that can severely affect tomato crops.
Late blight destroys the green leaves of plants within 5 days.
In this disease, spots begin to appear on the edges of the leaf and gradually spread all over it, branches and stem also get affected and on the lower surfaces of the leaves white color shells are formed, which later turn brown and black.
Use Chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 400 gram/acre or Metalaxyl 8 % + Mancozeb 64% WP @ 600 gram/acre or Tebuconazole 10% + Sulphur(s) 65% WG @ 500 gram/acre or Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gram/acre
As a biological treatment Pseudomonas Fluorescens @ 250 gram/acre or Trichoderma Viride @ 500 gram/acre.

This is a fungal disease, which causes a lot of damage in mustard crops.
In this disease, white colored blisters are seen on the lower surface of the leaves.
After some time these blisters turn into white powder.
Due to this, the process of making food through the leaves is greatly affected.
For prevention of this disease use Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml/acre or Tebuconazole 10% + sulphur 65% WG @ 500 gram/acre
As a biological treatment use Pseudomonas Fluorescens @ 250 gram/acre

Panchagavya means Pancha + Gavya meaning a substance made from a mixture of cow urine, cow dung, milk, curd, and ghee is called Panchagavya.
It is also used to increase the fertilizer strength and crop production of agriculture, and to increase immunity in plants.
Panchgavya is a highly effective organic fertilizer. Panchgavya is made from five products of the local cow because all the nutrients needed for plants are found in sufficient and balanced quantities in the products of the local cow.
Increase in number of microorganisms in soil, improves fertility of soil
Increase in crop production and its quality. Reduce the effects of diseases and pests in crops
Based on simple and cheap technology.

Aphid is a major mustard pest also known as Mahu or Chepa
It is the main pest of mustard crops, both the nymphs and adults of this insect suck the cell sap out of soft stems, leaves, flowers and new buds .
It simultaneously scratches the leaves and sucks the cell sap of the leaves with its sharp mouthpiece making the leaves vulnerable to the attack of black fungus affecting the action of photosynthesis.
Attack of this insect starts from the months of December-January to March and it spreads rapidly during overcast weather.
To control this, spray Imidacloprid 30.5% SC@ 100 ml/acre or Flonicamid 50% WG@ 60 ml/acre or Thiamantoxam 25%WG@ 100 gram/acre.
Use Bavaria Basiana @ 250 gram/acre as a biological treatment.

Fruits borer financially harms tomato crop
The adult of this insect is brown and the caterpillar is green in color.
The most harmful stage of this insect is the caterpillar .
Caterpillars initially attack the soft leaves and later begin to attack the fruits.
This caterpillar penetrates inside the tomato fruit and destroys the whole fruit from inside.
One caterpillar is capable of destroying 8 -10 fruits.
For its control, Emamectin Benzoate 5%SG@ 100 gram/acre or Flubendiamide 50% WG@ 100 gram/acre or Chlorantraniliprole18.5%SC@ 60 gram/acre or Novaluron 5.25% + Emamectin Benzoate 0.9%SC@ 600 ml/acre

SSP is a powdered and hard granulated, brown or ash colored fertilizer.
The granules of Single Super Phosphate or SSP do not break easily by hand.
Content of granulated SSP- Nitrogen – 0% phosphorus – 16% sulfur content – 11% calcium – 19% and zinc – 1% .
SSP is less soluble than the rest of the fertilizers, it should always be used during ploughing.
SSP can also be used as a soil treatment. The benefits of which are higher at the time of germination of plants.
Using SSP at the right time, fruits and flowers grow in higher quantities
Phosphorus, sulfur, calcium and zinc can be easily replenished in crops using SSP.

The problem of yellowing is seen in wheat crops in 35-40 days of plantation.
The reason for this problem is the lack of nutrients in the wheat crop.
To prevent this problem, use Gibberellic acid @ 300 ml/acre or Humic acid @ 100 gram /acre.
Also use 19:19:19 @ 1 kg/acre or 20:20:20 @ 1 kg/acre.

This disease is caused by a fungus in potato crops.
The effect of this disease is seen in a large amount on potato tubers.
Dark brown scabs spots emerge on potato tubers which are coarse when felt by the hands.
Tubers suffering from this disease are not edible.
For the prevention of this disease, use Thiophanate Methyl 70% W/P @ 300 gram/ acre or Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gram/acre.
As a biological treatment, use Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gram/acre.
For the effective control of this disease, seed treatment before sowing is very important.