March 2019 – Page 7

Control of bacterial wilt in tomato

Wilting, stunting, yellowing of the foliage and finally collapse of the entire plant take place.
Lower leaves may drop first before wilting.
Segment of the lower stem is cut and squeezed bacterial ooze.
Develops adventitious roots from the stem.
Crop rotation with cruciferous vegetable, marigold, and paddy is recommended.
Apply of bleaching powder @ 6 kg/acre before planting.
Use streptomycin sulphate I.P. 90% w/w + Tetracycline Hydrochloride I.P. 10 %w/w 20 gm/acre.
Kasugamycin 3% SL 300 ml/acre.

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The problem of weeds in the muskmelon crop, the main reason for the low production, because it competes for the place, water, and nutrients with the crop in the field.
To adequately control the weeds, plough only as deep as necessary.
Sowing time is also very important.
Deep-rooted weeds should be thrown out by ploughing, hoeing or pulling by hands.
polyethylene mulching is a good idea to avoid the problem of weed in muskmelon field.

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09/03/2019

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09/03/2019

All types of agriculture soil are suitable with normal pH – 6.5 to 7.
Soil temperatures should be above 18 oC. Optimum soil temperature for germination and root growth is 24 oC to 27 oC .

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Timely irrigation is quite essential for good growth, flowering, and development of fruits.
Light irrigation is given at an interval of 8-10 days during winter and 5-6 days during summer.
During winter keep the soil moist by light irrigation to protect crop from winter injury.

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To maintain more power in the seed, the seed should be well dried before storage. In India, seed crops are subjected to drying in the sun for 3-4 days to safeguard the level of moisture.
Grains with less moisture content than 10% are well stocked.
After cleansing the grains, fill the grain in the bag and store it.
To avoid the mixture, always place seeds in the new bag.
Store quality grains.
Storage keep cool in summer.
Time to time check the grain.

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Yellow and dry straw is visual indicator.
Shredding, breaking of spikes are overripe.
Most suitable stage is grain moisture of 13-14 %.
Manually harvested by reapers is dried for 3-4 days on threshing floor and threshed.
Always store the seed in new bags in godowns and should be fumigated to keep the attack of stored grain pests.
Grains with less than 10 to 11 % moisture store well.

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Sawdust is the important crop material to use in compost, mulches, growers of small fruit, nursery preparation and soil conditioner.
Wheat straw is a suitable material for mushroom production.
Wheat straw (Bhusa) in the manger either goes to the manure pit to make farmyard manure or it is mixed it with dung to make dung cakes.
For drying and curing, space heating & heating chicken brooders in the Agriculture industry.
Wheat straw is also used in animal feeding.

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The crop is harvested when the grains become hard and the straw becomes yellow dry and brittle.
In recent years in some states harvesting and threshing is done by combine harvester at a large scale.
Cereals are harvested at about 15 percent of the moisture in the grain.
Wheat should be yellow at the time of wheat harvest.
Wheat harvesting, wheat harvesting is done at 110-130 days after sowing.

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