• Integrated pest management (IPM) is the equitable use of more and more methods capable of keeping the damage caused by pests, diseases and weeds, etc., which damage crops below the economic level. In this eco-friendly practical, mechanical, biological and chemical plant protection activities are used interchangeably when necessary.

Major Measures:

• Practical control includes deep tillage, adoption of crop rotation, seed and plant treatment, timely sowing, use of resistant varieties, weed control, proper use of nutrients and irrigation water etc.

• In mechanical control, install light traps and pheromone traps, destroy disease and insect affected parts etc.

• Use of predatory and parasitic insects in biological activities.

• In chemical control, in the presence of predatory and parasitic insects, in order to protect them, use relatively safe insecticidal chemicals only when there is more outbreak of pests than the economic limit.

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