Tip of the day – Page 75

Why do onion plants show tip burn problems?

02/09/2021 Thursday September 2nd, 2021

Onion is an important commercial crop grown in India. The problem of tip burn in onion crops mainly appears at the time of crop development when the crop is close to the mature stage then the process of tip burning can be natural, but in young plants, tip burn can happen due to many reasons. Possible causes include a lack of important nutrients in the soil, fungal infections, or sucking insects such as thrips, etc.
Heavy wind, excessive sunlight, excess salt in the soil and other environmental factors can cause onion tips to burn. Given all the possible causes of leaves with brown, dry tips, it can be hard to pinpoint the origin of the problem. Remember, if you have taken care of all of the above problems, It could be fungal related.
To remedy the problem of tip burn, keep all the above things in mind, spray 200 ml per acre of neem oil 10000 ppm to protect against sucking insect leaf minors, thrips, etc.
Spray Fipronil 5% SC 400 ml or Thiamethoxam 25% WG 100 gm + Tebuconazole 10% + Sulphur(s) 65% WG 500 gm + Gibberellic Acid 0.001% 300 ml per acre.

Symptoms of phosphorus deficiency in cotton

01/09/2021 Thursday September 2nd, 2021

Phosphorus deficiency symptoms in cotton do not cause any visible decline in most other nutrients.
Its symptoms first appear on small and very dark green leaves, whose leaves turn light purple or brown.
This causes stunted growth in plants.
Due to phosphorus deficiency, diminishing growth and development of the roots is observed, which sometimes can cause the roots to dry up.
Due to excessive deficiency of phosphorus, the stem turns dark yellow, and the formation of fruits and seeds is immature.

Damping-off disease will cause damage in onion nursery

31/08/2021 Tuesday August 31st, 2021

High soil moisture and moderate temperature along with high humidity, especially in the rainy season leads to the development of this disease.
Pre-emergence damping off results in seed and seedling rot before emerging from the soil.
Post-emergence damping-off results in pathogens attacking the collar region of seedlings on the surface of the soil.
The collar portion rots and ultimately the seedling collapses and dies.
Healthy seeds should be selected before sowing.
Spray of CARBENDAZIM 12% + MANCOZEB 63% WP@ 30 gram /pump or THIOPHANATE METHYL 70% W/W @ 30 gm/Pump or MANCOZEB 64%+ METALAXYL 8% WP @ 60 gram/pump.

This American pest causes great damage to tomato crop

31/08/2021 Tuesday August 31st, 2021

The American pinworm [Tuta absoluta] is one of the major and important pests of tomato. Tuta absoluta is a serious pest that is highly harmful in all stages of its life cycle. IPM practices can be adopted to avoid and manage the pest throughout its life cycle. The crop losses are as high as 60 to 100% due to the infestation by Tuta absoluta. Its infection is visible on buds, leaves and stems, flowers and fruits, on which a fine powdery layer with black spots appears.
It burrows in the leaves and eats the lamina of the leaves, affecting the photosynthetic activity, as well as making them inedible by piercing the fruits.
For its management follow crop rotation with non-solanaceous crops (preferably cruciferous crops).
Infested leaves need to be removed before the caterpillar inside the leaf is able to pupate and become an egg-laying adult moth.
The use of pheromone traps is beneficial.
For Chemical Control Spray Cyantraniliprole 10.26 % Od @ 240 ml + Neem oil 10000 ppm @ 200 ml or Quinalphos 25% Ec 400 ml + Abamectin 1.9% Ec 150 ml + Neem oil 10000 ppm @ 200 ml or Lambda Cyhalothrin 5% Ec + Neem oil 10000 ppm @ 200 ml per acre.

Prevention of flower and fruit fall problem in soybean

30/08/2021 Monday August 30th, 2021

The dropping of flowers and pods is a common problem in the soybean crop, there can be many reasons for its fall like lack of nutrients, disease and pest outbreak etc.
The number of flowers and pods plays a very important role in the production of soybeans.
By using some of the products given below, the number of flowers and pods in soybean crops can be increased by preventing them from falling, as a result, the yield increases.
Spray Homobrassinolide 0.04% w/w 100-120 ml/acre.
Spray seaweed extract 400 gm /acre.
Spray micronutrients at 300 gm/acre.
Spray GA 0.001 % 300 gm/acre.

Spray Management in soybean crops in 70-90 days

29/08/2021 Sunday August 29th, 2021

The stage of 70-90 days of soybean crop is pod formation, at this time, along with good nutrition, the following spraying is necessary to protect the crop from diseases like pod blight, rust and pests like pod borer etc.-
For control of pod blight Mancozeb 75% WP @ 500 gm/acre or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC @ 250 ml/acre or Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG @ 500 gm/acre or Thiophanate Methyl 70% WP @ 300 gm /acre can be sprayed.
To control rust, 2 -3 sprays should be done at every 15 days interval from the time the crop shows symptoms, for this spraying of Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml or Propiconazole 25% SC @ 200 ml/acre can do.
For pod borer, spraying of Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG 100 gm or Flubendamide 20% WG 100 gm or Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 60 ml/acre can be done.
For good production in the crop, water-soluble fertilizer can be sprayed at the rate of 0:0:50 at the rate of 1 kg per acre.

How to manage stem fly in soybean crop

29/08/2021 Sunday August 29th, 2021

High temperature followed by high humidity along with rainfall provides a favourable environment for stem fly attack. Presently outbreaks of stem fly have been observed due to such an environment.
In the fields of plants infested with stem fly, the upper leaves appear to dry up with shrinkage. If you look at the stem of such plants, a tunnel is seen inside the stem, in which the larva or pupa of the insect is also visible.
It is difficult to detect stem fly outbreaks in the early stages. Due to the infestation of this pest, the plant starts wilting or drying up. This insect lays eggs on the leaves.
For the control of stem fly in soybean crops, the most important thing is that it is very important to control the caterpillar at the initial stage of infestation and before it enters the stem.
For the control of stem fly, it is very necessary to spray the Bave curb from time to time. For the control of stem fly in soybean crops, it is very necessary to spray the following products
Lambda Cyhalothrin 4.9% CS @ 200 ml/acre or Profenophos 40% + Cypermethrin 4% EC @ 400 ml/acre or Thiamethoxam 12.6% + Lambda Cyhalothrin 9.5% ZC @ 80 ml/acre or Fipronil 40% + Imidacloprid 40% WG @ 40 gm/acre or beta cyfluthrin 8.49%+ imidacloprid19.81 OD% @ 150 ml/acre
Spray Bavaria bassiana @ 500 gm/acre as biological treatment.

How to manage white grub in a soybean crop

28/08/2021 Sunday August 29th, 2021

White grubs are actually an insect of white colour which lives in the form of a caterpillar in the field.
They usually damage the roots of soybean plants in their initial form.
Symptoms of White grubs infestation can be seen on soybean plants. These symptoms include complete wilting of the plant, stunted growth of the plant and later death of the plant.
Chemical control:- Soil application of Fenpropathrin 10% EC @ 500 ml per acre OR Chlorpyrifos 20% EC @ 1 liter /acre.
Biological control: Apply Metarhizium spp. @ 1kg/acre OR Beauveria bassiana + Metarhizium spp. @ 2 kg/acre. Fungal formulation along with the first dose of fertilizers.
In addition to these treatments, you can also use light traps as a mechanical control. It is a kind of net in which the light is attached, towards which the white braids are attracted and get caught in the net.

Spray Management in Chilli Crops in 60-70 days

28/08/2021 Friday August 27th, 2021

In the Chilli crop, this stage is about to become flower and fruit, in this stage it is necessary to give good nutrients to the plant as well as plant protection. To get more and higher quality from the crop, the following products can be used.
For nutrient management, use 45 kg urea + 50 kg DAP + 12 kg magnesium sulphate + phosphorus and potash bacteria at 2 kg per acre on 60-70 days after transplanting.
At this time, there is the main possibility of an outbreak of fruit rot disease, in pests like pod borer, mites, thrips etc. Spray Thiamethoxam 17.5% + Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG 100 gm + Amino acid 400 ml + Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP 250 gm / acre.
Spray Pseudomonas 1 kg + Bacillus subtilis 500 ml per acre.

Symptoms of magnesium deficiency in cotton

26/08/2021 Thursday August 26th, 2021

Magnesium deficiency symptoms first appear on mature leaves.
It causes the veins of leaves to appear greenish-yellow.
Light brown spots appear on the edges of severely affected leaves.
Due to magnesium deficiency, the leaves turn reddish-brown and the texture of the leaves become rough.
This deficiency causes discolouration or yellowing on the edges of the leaves,
This incapacitates root growth and the crop becomes weak.

To remedy the problem of tip burn, keep all the above things in mind, spray 200 ml per acre of neem oil 10000 ppm to protect against sucking insect leaf minors, thrips, etc.

Spray Fipronil 5% SC 400 ml or Thiamethoxam 25% WG 100 gm + Tebuconazole 10% + Sulphur(s) 65% WG 500 gm + Gibberellic Acid 0.001% 300 ml per acre.

Phosphorus deficiency symptoms in cotton do not cause any visible decline in most other nutrients.

Its symptoms first appear on small and very dark green leaves, whose leaves turn light purple or brown.

This causes stunted growth in plants.

Due to phosphorus deficiency, diminishing growth and development of the roots is observed, which sometimes can cause the roots to dry up.

Due to excessive deficiency of phosphorus, the stem turns dark yellow, and the formation of fruits and seeds is immature.

High soil moisture and moderate temperature along with high humidity, especially in the rainy season leads to the development of this disease.

Pre-emergence damping off results in seed and seedling rot before emerging from the soil.

Post-emergence damping-off results in pathogens attacking the collar region of seedlings on the surface of the soil.

The collar portion rots and ultimately the seedling collapses and dies.

Healthy seeds should be selected before sowing.

Spray of CARBENDAZIM 12% + MANCOZEB 63% WP@ 30 gram /pump or THIOPHANATE METHYL 70% W/W @ 30 gm/Pump or MANCOZEB 64%+ METALAXYL 8% WP @ 60 gram/pump.

It burrows in the leaves and eats the lamina of the leaves, affecting the photosynthetic activity, as well as making them inedible by piercing the fruits.

For its management follow crop rotation with non-solanaceous crops (preferably cruciferous crops).

Infested leaves need to be removed before the caterpillar inside the leaf is able to pupate and become an egg-laying adult moth.

The use of pheromone traps is beneficial.

For Chemical Control Spray Cyantraniliprole 10.26 % Od @ 240 ml + Neem oil 10000 ppm @ 200 ml or Quinalphos 25% Ec 400 ml + Abamectin 1.9% Ec 150 ml + Neem oil 10000 ppm @ 200 ml or Lambda Cyhalothrin 5% Ec + Neem oil 10000 ppm @ 200 ml per acre.

The dropping of flowers and pods is a common problem in the soybean crop, there can be many reasons for its fall like lack of nutrients, disease and pest outbreak etc.

The number of flowers and pods plays a very important role in the production of soybeans.

By using some of the products given below, the number of flowers and pods in soybean crops can be increased by preventing them from falling, as a result, the yield increases.

Spray Homobrassinolide 0.04% w/w 100-120 ml/acre.

Spray seaweed extract 400 gm /acre.

Spray micronutrients at 300 gm/acre.

Spray GA 0.001 % 300 gm/acre.

The stage of 70-90 days of soybean crop is pod formation, at this time, along with good nutrition, the following spraying is necessary to protect the crop from diseases like pod blight, rust and pests like pod borer etc.-

For control of pod blight Mancozeb 75% WP @ 500 gm/acre or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC @ 250 ml/acre or Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG @ 500 gm/acre or Thiophanate Methyl 70% WP @ 300 gm /acre can be sprayed.

To control rust, 2 -3 sprays should be done at every 15 days interval from the time the crop shows symptoms, for this spraying of Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml or Propiconazole 25% SC @ 200 ml/acre can do.

For pod borer, spraying of Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG 100 gm or Flubendamide 20% WG 100 gm or Chlorantraniliprole 18.5 SC @ 60 ml/acre can be done.

For good production in the crop, water-soluble fertilizer can be sprayed at the rate of 0:0:50 at the rate of 1 kg per acre.

High temperature followed by high humidity along with rainfall provides a favourable environment for stem fly attack. Presently outbreaks of stem fly have been observed due to such an environment.

In the fields of plants infested with stem fly, the upper leaves appear to dry up with shrinkage. If you look at the stem of such plants, a tunnel is seen inside the stem, in which the larva or pupa of the insect is also visible.

It is difficult to detect stem fly outbreaks in the early stages. Due to the infestation of this pest, the plant starts wilting or drying up. This insect lays eggs on the leaves.

For the control of stem fly in soybean crops, the most important thing is that it is very important to control the caterpillar at the initial stage of infestation and before it enters the stem.

For the control of stem fly, it is very necessary to spray the Bave curb from time to time. For the control of stem fly in soybean crops, it is very necessary to spray the following products

Lambda Cyhalothrin 4.9% CS @ 200 ml/acre or Profenophos 40% + Cypermethrin 4% EC @ 400 ml/acre or Thiamethoxam 12.6% + Lambda Cyhalothrin 9.5% ZC @ 80 ml/acre or Fipronil 40% + Imidacloprid 40% WG @ 40 gm/acre or beta cyfluthrin 8.49%+ imidacloprid19.81 OD% @ 150 ml/acre

Spray Bavaria bassiana @ 500 gm/acre as biological treatment.

White grubs are actually an insect of white colour which lives in the form of a caterpillar in the field.

They usually damage the roots of soybean plants in their initial form.

Symptoms of White grubs infestation can be seen on soybean plants. These symptoms include complete wilting of the plant, stunted growth of the plant and later death of the plant.

Chemical control:- Soil application of Fenpropathrin 10% EC @ 500 ml per acre OR Chlorpyrifos 20% EC @ 1 liter /acre.

Biological control: Apply Metarhizium spp. @ 1kg/acre OR Beauveria bassiana + Metarhizium spp. @ 2 kg/acre. Fungal formulation along with the first dose of fertilizers.

In addition to these treatments, you can also use light traps as a mechanical control. It is a kind of net in which the light is attached, towards which the white braids are attracted and get caught in the net.

In the Chilli crop, this stage is about to become flower and fruit, in this stage it is necessary to give good nutrients to the plant as well as plant protection. To get more and higher quality from the crop, the following products can be used.

For nutrient management, use 45 kg urea + 50 kg DAP + 12 kg magnesium sulphate + phosphorus and potash bacteria at 2 kg per acre on 60-70 days after transplanting.

At this time, there is the main possibility of an outbreak of fruit rot disease, in pests like pod borer, mites, thrips etc. Spray Thiamethoxam 17.5% + Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG 100 gm + Amino acid 400 ml + Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP 250 gm / acre.

Spray Pseudomonas 1 kg + Bacillus subtilis 500 ml per acre.

Magnesium deficiency symptoms first appear on mature leaves.

It causes the veins of leaves to appear greenish-yellow.

Light brown spots appear on the edges of severely affected leaves.

Due to magnesium deficiency, the leaves turn reddish-brown and the texture of the leaves become rough.

This deficiency causes discolouration or yellowing on the edges of the leaves,

This incapacitates root growth and the crop becomes weak.