Tip of the day – Page 67

Loose smut disease in wheat

16/01/2022 Sunday January 16th, 2022

This is a seed-borne disease and it’s caused by a fungus called Ustilago Segetum.
The infected seed appears to be healthy.
Symptoms of this disease are visible only when spikes are formed.
In spikes of infected plants, black powder (spores) is found instead of grains, which also infects seeds produced in other healthy spikes by being suspended in the air.
Seed treatment is the best way to control this disease.
Apart from this, for the control of this disease use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml or Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG @ 500 gm/acre
Spray Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre as a biological treatment.

Required spraying management in 55-60 days in gram crop

15/01/2022 Monday September 25th, 2023

Gram is an important crop among the pulse crops. About half of the total production of pulses grown in India is obtained from gram.
In the gram crop, pods begin to appear at the age of 55-60 days, at this time there is a possibility of an outbreak of insect and fungal diseases. For its management spray Propiconazole 25% EC @ 200 ml + Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG @ 100 gm/acre.
For disease management as biological treatment, Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm and for pest management Bavaria bassiana @ 250 gm/acre can be used.
Heavy fruit production is very important in gram crops, therefore, timely nutritional management is very important for this.
For nutrition management, use 00:00:50 @ 1 kg / acre.

Yellowing in onion and garlic crop is a burning problem

15/01/2022 Saturday January 15th, 2022

At present, the problem of yellowing onion and garlic is very much visible, due to which the growth and development of the crop are getting affected a lot.
There can be more than one reason for the yellowing of the crop. For example, there can be any reason for the infestation of aphids or other pests in the crop, fungal diseases, excess water, lack of nitrogen fertilizers or nutrients.
Due to which the symptoms of yellowing/drying of leaves start appearing in the crop. For this following measures can be taken –
If adequate fertilizers have not been given earlier, then urea must be given after irrigation in the crop.
If waterlogging is visible, then drain out the excess water.
If it is caused by fungus, use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Thiophanate Methyl 70% WP @ 300 gm/acre.
If it is due to insects, use Profenofos 40 % + Cypermethrin 4% EC@ 400 ml or Fipronil 40 % + Imidacloprid 40 % WG@ 80 gm/acre.
If it is because of nutritional problems, use Seaweed extract @ 400 ml or Humic acid @ 100 gm/acre.

Symptoms and control measures of bacterial blight disease in tomato crops

13/01/2022 Thursday January 13th, 2022

Due to the outbreak of this disease, the leaves turn yellow and at the end of the plant wither, the whole plant falls.
Lower leaves may drop first before wilting.
On cutting off the lower stem section, bacterial ooze can be seen.
Develops ectopic roots from the stem.
To control this disease, apply bleaching powder at the rate of 6 kg per acre before sowing.
Spray Streptomycin Sulfate I.P. 90% w/w + Tetracycline Hydrochloride I.P. 10% w/w 20 gm /acre or Copper Oxychloride 50% @ 500 gm /acre.
Follow crop rotation with cruciferous vegetables, marigold and paddy.

What causes black scarf disease in potatoes

11/01/2022 Monday September 25th, 2023

Black scarf disease in potato plants is caused by a fungus called Rhizoctonia solani. This disease can appear at any stage in potato plants.
This disease occurs due to sudden changes in weather, due to high temperature and humidity, this disease progresses very fast.
Due to this disease, black raised spots appear on the plants.
Potato tubers also show signs of this disease, making such tubers inedible.
For prevention of this disease use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Chlorothalonil 75% WP@ 300 gm or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC@ 200 ml/acre.
For seed treatment use Thiophanate Methyl 45% + Pyraclostrobin 5% FS at 2 ml per kg seeds before sowing.
As biological treatment use Pseudomonas Fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre.

Zinc an essential element in wheat

08/01/2022 Saturday January 8th, 2022

Zinc deficiency is mainly found in the soil of Madhya Pradesh, at this time farmers can see this problem in their main crop, wheat. Due to zinc deficiency, the crop takes longer to mature.
Symptoms of zinc deficiency in wheat are visible in 25 to 30 days.
Due to zinc deficiency in wheat, plant height decreases, crop growth appears uneven, leaves remain small.
White brown spots appear in the middle leaves of the plant, which spread in length. When zinc deficiency is high, the leaves turn white and die.
Zinc deficiency can be removed by giving zinc sulphate in the field. According to its deficiency, the quantity can be given up to 5 -10 kg per acre. If there is a deficiency in the standing crop, spraying of 0.5 % zinc sulphate solution can be done within 30 days of sowing and can be repeated at intervals of 15 days as needed.

Know How Maxxmyco benefits crops

06/01/2022 Thursday January 6th, 2022

How Gramophone's Maxxmyco benefits crops

Maxxmyco is a mixture of humic acid, seaweed, amino acids, and mycorrhiza.
This product is made of high-quality natural ingredients, it helps in increasing the activity of microorganisms in the soil,
Helps improve soil pH, provides a good start to the roots so that the root is fully developed resulting in good production of the crop.
Humic acid enhances soil water holding capacity by improving soil quality and enhancing white root growth.
Seaweed helps plants to get nutrients and amino acids enhance the photosynthesis process.
This results in better vegetative growth and also improves plant health.
It facilitates growth in every stage of the plant-like flower, fruit, leaf, etc. as well as the growth of white roots.

Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Tomato

05/01/2022 Wednesday January 5th, 2022

Tomato spotted wilt virus [TOSPO] in tomatoes is spread by thrips.
Purple brown spots on the young leaves of tomato plants are the initial symptom of this disease. Later, these brown spots join together to turn into large spots/rings and start destroying the tissue of the leaves.
Increased infection can affect the ripening process of tomato fruit.
Light yellow coloured spots are formed on the unripe fruits, slowly these spots grow into large size spots.
To prevent this, use Fipronil 5% SC @ 400 ml or Lambda cyhalothrin 4.9% CS @ 200 ml or Spinosad 45% SC @ 75 ml/acre.
Use Bavaria Basiana @ 250 gm/acre as biological treatment.

Management of scab disease in potato crops

04/01/2022 Tuesday January 4th, 2022

It is a fungal disease whose effect is seen in large quantities on potato tubers.
Dark brown raised scabs to emerge on the potato tubers, which are rough when touched. These lesions can affect just a small portion of the tuber surface, or may completely cover it. Sometimes the ridged portions are in broken concentric rings.
Tubers affected by this disease are not edible.
For the prevention of this disease, use Thiophanate Methyl 70% W/P @ 300 gm/ acre or Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm/acre.
As a biological treatment, use Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre.
For the effective control of this disease, seed treatment before sowing is very important.

Damping off disease is a big problem in nursery

03/01/2022 Monday January 3rd, 2022

Damping-off disease in nurseries is a common disease that mostly occurs in nurseries at the seedling stage. This disease spreads very quickly and infects the seedlings and kills them.
This disease is caused by soil-borne fungi like Pythium / Phytophthora / Rhizoctonia / Fusarium.
In its symptom, brown watery sunken wounds appear on the stem near the ground. Gradually, the stem and roots rot and the seedling falls to the ground surface and dies.
Disease development occurs more rapidly in seedlings planted in high density, high humidity and high temperature.
For the management of this disease use Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% @ 30 gm/pump or Thiophanate Methyl 70%W/W @ 50 gm/pump or Mancozeb 64% + Metalaxyl 8% WP @ 60 gm/pump.

This is a seed-borne disease and it’s caused by a fungus called Ustilago Segetum.

The infected seed appears to be healthy.

Symptoms of this disease are visible only when spikes are formed.

In spikes of infected plants, black powder (spores) is found instead of grains, which also infects seeds produced in other healthy spikes by being suspended in the air.

Seed treatment is the best way to control this disease.

Apart from this, for the control of this disease use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml or Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG @ 500 gm/acre

Spray Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre as a biological treatment.

Gram is an important crop among the pulse crops. About half of the total production of pulses grown in India is obtained from gram.

In the gram crop, pods begin to appear at the age of 55-60 days, at this time there is a possibility of an outbreak of insect and fungal diseases. For its management spray Propiconazole 25% EC @ 200 ml + Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG @ 100 gm/acre.

For disease management as biological treatment, Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm and for pest management Bavaria bassiana @ 250 gm/acre can be used.

Heavy fruit production is very important in gram crops, therefore, timely nutritional management is very important for this.

For nutrition management, use 00:00:50 @ 1 kg / acre.

At present, the problem of yellowing onion and garlic is very much visible, due to which the growth and development of the crop are getting affected a lot.

There can be more than one reason for the yellowing of the crop. For example, there can be any reason for the infestation of aphids or other pests in the crop, fungal diseases, excess water, lack of nitrogen fertilizers or nutrients.

Due to which the symptoms of yellowing/drying of leaves start appearing in the crop. For this following measures can be taken –

If adequate fertilizers have not been given earlier, then urea must be given after irrigation in the crop.

If waterlogging is visible, then drain out the excess water.

If it is caused by fungus, use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Thiophanate Methyl 70% WP @ 300 gm/acre.

If it is due to insects, use Profenofos 40 % + Cypermethrin 4% EC@ 400 ml or Fipronil 40 % + Imidacloprid 40 % WG@ 80 gm/acre.

If it is because of nutritional problems, use Seaweed extract @ 400 ml or Humic acid @ 100 gm/acre.

Due to the outbreak of this disease, the leaves turn yellow and at the end of the plant wither, the whole plant falls.

Lower leaves may drop first before wilting.

On cutting off the lower stem section, bacterial ooze can be seen.

Develops ectopic roots from the stem.

To control this disease, apply bleaching powder at the rate of 6 kg per acre before sowing.

Spray Streptomycin Sulfate I.P. 90% w/w + Tetracycline Hydrochloride I.P. 10% w/w 20 gm /acre or Copper Oxychloride 50% @ 500 gm /acre.

Follow crop rotation with cruciferous vegetables, marigold and paddy.

Black scarf disease in potato plants is caused by a fungus called Rhizoctonia solani. This disease can appear at any stage in potato plants.

This disease occurs due to sudden changes in weather, due to high temperature and humidity, this disease progresses very fast.

Due to this disease, black raised spots appear on the plants.

Potato tubers also show signs of this disease, making such tubers inedible.

For prevention of this disease use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Chlorothalonil 75% WP@ 300 gm or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC@ 200 ml/acre.

For seed treatment use Thiophanate Methyl 45% + Pyraclostrobin 5% FS at 2 ml per kg seeds before sowing.

As biological treatment use Pseudomonas Fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre.

Zinc deficiency is mainly found in the soil of Madhya Pradesh, at this time farmers can see this problem in their main crop, wheat. Due to zinc deficiency, the crop takes longer to mature.

Symptoms of zinc deficiency in wheat are visible in 25 to 30 days.

Due to zinc deficiency in wheat, plant height decreases, crop growth appears uneven, leaves remain small.

White brown spots appear in the middle leaves of the plant, which spread in length. When zinc deficiency is high, the leaves turn white and die.

Maxxmyco is a mixture of humic acid, seaweed, amino acids, and mycorrhiza.

This product is made of high-quality natural ingredients, it helps in increasing the activity of microorganisms in the soil,

Helps improve soil pH, provides a good start to the roots so that the root is fully developed resulting in good production of the crop.

Humic acid enhances soil water holding capacity by improving soil quality and enhancing white root growth.

Seaweed helps plants to get nutrients and amino acids enhance the photosynthesis process.

This results in better vegetative growth and also improves plant health.

It facilitates growth in every stage of the plant-like flower, fruit, leaf, etc. as well as the growth of white roots.

Tomato spotted wilt virus [TOSPO] in tomatoes is spread by thrips.

Purple brown spots on the young leaves of tomato plants are the initial symptom of this disease. Later, these brown spots join together to turn into large spots/rings and start destroying the tissue of the leaves.

Increased infection can affect the ripening process of tomato fruit.

Light yellow coloured spots are formed on the unripe fruits, slowly these spots grow into large size spots.

To prevent this, use Fipronil 5% SC @ 400 ml or Lambda cyhalothrin 4.9% CS @ 200 ml or Spinosad 45% SC @ 75 ml/acre.

Use Bavaria Basiana @ 250 gm/acre as biological treatment.

It is a fungal disease whose effect is seen in large quantities on potato tubers.

Dark brown raised scabs to emerge on the potato tubers, which are rough when touched. These lesions can affect just a small portion of the tuber surface, or may completely cover it. Sometimes the ridged portions are in broken concentric rings.

Tubers affected by this disease are not edible.

For the prevention of this disease, use Thiophanate Methyl 70% W/P @ 300 gm/ acre or Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm/acre.

As a biological treatment, use Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre.

For the effective control of this disease, seed treatment before sowing is very important.

Damping-off disease in nurseries is a common disease that mostly occurs in nurseries at the seedling stage. This disease spreads very quickly and infects the seedlings and kills them.

This disease is caused by soil-borne fungi like Pythium / Phytophthora / Rhizoctonia / Fusarium.

In its symptom, brown watery sunken wounds appear on the stem near the ground. Gradually, the stem and roots rot and the seedling falls to the ground surface and dies.

Disease development occurs more rapidly in seedlings planted in high density, high humidity and high temperature.

For the management of this disease use Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% @ 30 gm/pump or Thiophanate Methyl 70%W/W @ 50 gm/pump or Mancozeb 64% + Metalaxyl 8% WP @ 60 gm/pump.