Tip of the day – Page 67

Necessary spraying management in 50-60 days in onion crop

20/01/2022 Saturday January 22nd, 2022

Along with a proper supply of nutrients in the 50-60 day crop of onion, special care has to be taken to protect against insect and fungal diseases.
In this stage, for nutritional management, use calcium nitrate @ 10 kg + potash @ 25 kg/acre as soil treatment.
For nutrient management, 0:52:34 @ 1 kg per acre can also be used in the form of a spray.
For protection from insect and fungal diseases, spray Thiamenthoxam 12.6% + Lambda Cyhalothrin 9.5% ZC @ 80 ml + Chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 400 gm/acre.
Spraying of the silicone-based sticker (Silicomaxx) @ 5 ml per tank, mixed with suitable insecticide and fungicide, is beneficial in case of change in weather like fog, dew, rain.

Major agricultural works to be done in the second fortnight of January

19/01/2022 Wednesday January 19th, 2022

In the second fortnight of January, most of the crops are in their critical growth stage. At this time, special care is required in crops from irrigation to plant protection. Along with this, there is also a possibility of fog, frost and hail due to the sharp drop in temperature. To protect the crops from these ill-effects and to get full production, the following improved cropping practices can be adopted –
At present, the most important Rabi crop, wheat, is in the stage of tillering and somewhere in the jointing. Irrigation is very important in both these stages.
Gram: During the formation of pods in gram, there is a possibility of an outbreak of fungal diseases and borer. For its management, spray Hexaconazole 5% Sc @ 400 ml + Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG @ 100 gm/acre.
Potato – To increase the size of the tubers, spray at 00:00:50 @ 1 kg/acre and mix it with paclobutrazol 40% SC @ 30 ml/acre 10-15 days before potato harvesting.
Cucurbits: Spray Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC at 300 ml/acre for management of downy mildew in cucurbits.
Watermelon: Watermelon is one such fruit that is planted in the summer season, but January is considered the best for sowing or nursery preparation of watermelon.
Keep irrigating after every harvesting of berseem, lucerne and oats, it improves growth.

Know the measures of Congress grass control

17/01/2022 Monday January 17th, 2022

Carrot grass is a weed whose scientific name is Parthenium hysterophorus. This weed looks exactly like carrot plants, it is also known by the names Congress grass and in regional language safed topi, tej chandani etc.
By mechanical means, in moist soil, this weed can be controlled to a great extent by uprooting it by hand or with a scabbard, collecting and burning it before flowering.
Good quality manure can be prepared by burying the uprooted plants in pits of 3 to 6 feet by mixing it with cow dung.
For chemical control of this grass, use 2,4 D @ 40 ml/pump, when carrot grass plants are at the 3-4 leaf stage, spraying can be done.
In the non cropped area, Spray Glyphosate 41% SL @ 225 ml per pump mixed with clean water. For better results add in 250 gm ammonium sulphate and spray it.
For biological control beetle pests are capable of destroying carrot grass well, and do not have any adverse effect on other useful crops. In the first fortnight of June to October, the beetle insect is more active and about 3 to 4 lakh beetle insects are sufficient for 1acre.
Sowing of some plants like cassia tora, marigold, wild amaranthus in April-May before monsoon reduces the transmission of carrot grass to the affected area.

Management of sucking pests in cucurbitaceae crops

16/01/2022 Monday January 17th, 2022

In the cucurbitaceae family, mainly bottle gourd, bitter gourd, sponge gourd, ridge gourd, pumpkin, pointed gourd, ash gourd and cucumber etc. come in this category.
Due to the changes in the weather, these crops are affected by sucking insects like thrips, aphids, jassids, mites, whitefly etc. All these pests cause a lot of damage to the crop by sucking the sap from the leaves. It is necessary to manage them at the right time.
For thrips management use Profenofos 50 % EC @ 500 ml or Acephate 75 %SP @ 300 gm or Lambda Cyhalothrin 4.9 % CS @ 200 ml or Fipronil 5% SC @ 400 ml/acre.
For Aphid/ jassid management use Acephate 50 %+ Imidacloprid 1.8 %SP @ 400 gm or Acetamiprid 20 % SP @ 100 gm or Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 100 ml/acre.
For white fly management use Diafenthiuron 50 % WP @ 250 gm or Flonicamid 50% WG @ 60 gm or Acetamiprid 20 % SP @ 100 gm/acre.
For Mites management use Propargite 57% EC @ 400 ml or Spiromesifen 22.9% SC @ 250 ml or Abamectin 1.9 % EC @ 150 ml/acre.

In wheat crops, necessary spraying management at the time of earhead emergence

16/01/2022 Sunday January 16th, 2022

In wheat crops, in 60 -90 days, spikes develop and grains get filled in spikes.
In this stage, crop management is very important in wheat crops.
For good growth and spike formation, spray Homobrassinolide 0.04% @ 100 ml + 00:52:34 @ 1 kg/acre and After 10 – 15 days, to fill good grain in spikes, spray 00:00:50 @ 1 kg/acre.
In place of 00:52:34 use majorsol 500 gm/acre as a spray.
Wheat crop is more prone to fungal diseases during the spike stage, for this spray Hexaconazole 5% SC 400 ml/acre and after 7 -10 days spray Propiconazole 25% EC @ 200 ml/acre.
Use Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre as biological treatment.
If caterpillar infestation is observed at this time, a spray of Emamectin Benzoate @ 5% SG @ 100 gm per acre can be done.

Loose smut disease in wheat

16/01/2022 Sunday January 16th, 2022

This is a seed-borne disease and it’s caused by a fungus called Ustilago Segetum.
The infected seed appears to be healthy.
Symptoms of this disease are visible only when spikes are formed.
In spikes of infected plants, black powder (spores) is found instead of grains, which also infects seeds produced in other healthy spikes by being suspended in the air.
Seed treatment is the best way to control this disease.
Apart from this, for the control of this disease use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml or Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG @ 500 gm/acre
Spray Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre as a biological treatment.

Required spraying management in 55-60 days in gram crop

15/01/2022 Monday September 25th, 2023

Gram is an important crop among the pulse crops. About half of the total production of pulses grown in India is obtained from gram.
In the gram crop, pods begin to appear at the age of 55-60 days, at this time there is a possibility of an outbreak of insect and fungal diseases. For its management spray Propiconazole 25% EC @ 200 ml + Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG @ 100 gm/acre.
For disease management as biological treatment, Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm and for pest management Bavaria bassiana @ 250 gm/acre can be used.
Heavy fruit production is very important in gram crops, therefore, timely nutritional management is very important for this.
For nutrition management, use 00:00:50 @ 1 kg / acre.

Yellowing in onion and garlic crop is a burning problem

15/01/2022 Saturday January 15th, 2022

At present, the problem of yellowing onion and garlic is very much visible, due to which the growth and development of the crop are getting affected a lot.
There can be more than one reason for the yellowing of the crop. For example, there can be any reason for the infestation of aphids or other pests in the crop, fungal diseases, excess water, lack of nitrogen fertilizers or nutrients.
Due to which the symptoms of yellowing/drying of leaves start appearing in the crop. For this following measures can be taken –
If adequate fertilizers have not been given earlier, then urea must be given after irrigation in the crop.
If waterlogging is visible, then drain out the excess water.
If it is caused by fungus, use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Thiophanate Methyl 70% WP @ 300 gm/acre.
If it is due to insects, use Profenofos 40 % + Cypermethrin 4% EC@ 400 ml or Fipronil 40 % + Imidacloprid 40 % WG@ 80 gm/acre.
If it is because of nutritional problems, use Seaweed extract @ 400 ml or Humic acid @ 100 gm/acre.

Symptoms and control measures of bacterial blight disease in tomato crops

13/01/2022 Thursday January 13th, 2022

Due to the outbreak of this disease, the leaves turn yellow and at the end of the plant wither, the whole plant falls.
Lower leaves may drop first before wilting.
On cutting off the lower stem section, bacterial ooze can be seen.
Develops ectopic roots from the stem.
To control this disease, apply bleaching powder at the rate of 6 kg per acre before sowing.
Spray Streptomycin Sulfate I.P. 90% w/w + Tetracycline Hydrochloride I.P. 10% w/w 20 gm /acre or Copper Oxychloride 50% @ 500 gm /acre.
Follow crop rotation with cruciferous vegetables, marigold and paddy.

What causes black scarf disease in potatoes

11/01/2022 Monday September 25th, 2023

Black scarf disease in potato plants is caused by a fungus called Rhizoctonia solani. This disease can appear at any stage in potato plants.
This disease occurs due to sudden changes in weather, due to high temperature and humidity, this disease progresses very fast.
Due to this disease, black raised spots appear on the plants.
Potato tubers also show signs of this disease, making such tubers inedible.
For prevention of this disease use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Chlorothalonil 75% WP@ 300 gm or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC@ 200 ml/acre.
For seed treatment use Thiophanate Methyl 45% + Pyraclostrobin 5% FS at 2 ml per kg seeds before sowing.
As biological treatment use Pseudomonas Fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre.

Along with a proper supply of nutrients in the 50-60 day crop of onion, special care has to be taken to protect against insect and fungal diseases.

In this stage, for nutritional management, use calcium nitrate @ 10 kg + potash @ 25 kg/acre as soil treatment.

For nutrient management, 0:52:34 @ 1 kg per acre can also be used in the form of a spray.

For protection from insect and fungal diseases, spray Thiamenthoxam 12.6% + Lambda Cyhalothrin 9.5% ZC @ 80 ml + Chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 400 gm/acre.

Spraying of the silicone-based sticker (Silicomaxx) @ 5 ml per tank, mixed with suitable insecticide and fungicide, is beneficial in case of change in weather like fog, dew, rain.

At present, the most important Rabi crop, wheat, is in the stage of tillering and somewhere in the jointing. Irrigation is very important in both these stages.

Gram: During the formation of pods in gram, there is a possibility of an outbreak of fungal diseases and borer. For its management, spray Hexaconazole 5% Sc @ 400 ml + Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG @ 100 gm/acre.

Potato – To increase the size of the tubers, spray at 00:00:50 @ 1 kg/acre and mix it with paclobutrazol 40% SC @ 30 ml/acre 10-15 days before potato harvesting.

Cucurbits: Spray Azoxystrobin 11% + Tebuconazole 18.3% SC at 300 ml/acre for management of downy mildew in cucurbits.

Watermelon: Watermelon is one such fruit that is planted in the summer season, but January is considered the best for sowing or nursery preparation of watermelon.

Keep irrigating after every harvesting of berseem, lucerne and oats, it improves growth.

Carrot grass is a weed whose scientific name is Parthenium hysterophorus. This weed looks exactly like carrot plants, it is also known by the names Congress grass and in regional language safed topi, tej chandani etc.

By mechanical means, in moist soil, this weed can be controlled to a great extent by uprooting it by hand or with a scabbard, collecting and burning it before flowering.

Good quality manure can be prepared by burying the uprooted plants in pits of 3 to 6 feet by mixing it with cow dung.

For chemical control of this grass, use 2,4 D @ 40 ml/pump, when carrot grass plants are at the 3-4 leaf stage, spraying can be done.

In the non cropped area, Spray Glyphosate 41% SL @ 225 ml per pump mixed with clean water. For better results add in 250 gm ammonium sulphate and spray it.

For biological control beetle pests are capable of destroying carrot grass well, and do not have any adverse effect on other useful crops. In the first fortnight of June to October, the beetle insect is more active and about 3 to 4 lakh beetle insects are sufficient for 1acre.

Sowing of some plants like cassia tora, marigold, wild amaranthus in April-May before monsoon reduces the transmission of carrot grass to the affected area.

In the cucurbitaceae family, mainly bottle gourd, bitter gourd, sponge gourd, ridge gourd, pumpkin, pointed gourd, ash gourd and cucumber etc. come in this category.

Due to the changes in the weather, these crops are affected by sucking insects like thrips, aphids, jassids, mites, whitefly etc. All these pests cause a lot of damage to the crop by sucking the sap from the leaves. It is necessary to manage them at the right time.

For thrips management use Profenofos 50 % EC @ 500 ml or Acephate 75 %SP @ 300 gm or Lambda Cyhalothrin 4.9 % CS @ 200 ml or Fipronil 5% SC @ 400 ml/acre.

For Aphid/ jassid management use Acephate 50 %+ Imidacloprid 1.8 %SP @ 400 gm or Acetamiprid 20 % SP @ 100 gm or Imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 100 ml/acre.

For white fly management use Diafenthiuron 50 % WP @ 250 gm or Flonicamid 50% WG @ 60 gm or Acetamiprid 20 % SP @ 100 gm/acre.

For Mites management use Propargite 57% EC @ 400 ml or Spiromesifen 22.9% SC @ 250 ml or Abamectin 1.9 % EC @ 150 ml/acre.

In wheat crops, in 60 -90 days, spikes develop and grains get filled in spikes.

In this stage, crop management is very important in wheat crops.

For good growth and spike formation, spray Homobrassinolide 0.04% @ 100 ml + 00:52:34 @ 1 kg/acre and After 10 – 15 days, to fill good grain in spikes, spray 00:00:50 @ 1 kg/acre.

In place of 00:52:34 use majorsol 500 gm/acre as a spray.

Wheat crop is more prone to fungal diseases during the spike stage, for this spray Hexaconazole 5% SC 400 ml/acre and after 7 -10 days spray Propiconazole 25% EC @ 200 ml/acre.

Use Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre as biological treatment.

If caterpillar infestation is observed at this time, a spray of Emamectin Benzoate @ 5% SG @ 100 gm per acre can be done.

This is a seed-borne disease and it’s caused by a fungus called Ustilago Segetum.

The infected seed appears to be healthy.

Symptoms of this disease are visible only when spikes are formed.

In spikes of infected plants, black powder (spores) is found instead of grains, which also infects seeds produced in other healthy spikes by being suspended in the air.

Seed treatment is the best way to control this disease.

Apart from this, for the control of this disease use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Hexaconazole 5% SC @ 400 ml or Tebuconazole 10% + Sulfur 65% WG @ 500 gm/acre

Spray Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre as a biological treatment.

Gram is an important crop among the pulse crops. About half of the total production of pulses grown in India is obtained from gram.

In the gram crop, pods begin to appear at the age of 55-60 days, at this time there is a possibility of an outbreak of insect and fungal diseases. For its management spray Propiconazole 25% EC @ 200 ml + Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG @ 100 gm/acre.

For disease management as biological treatment, Pseudomonas fluorescens @ 250 gm and for pest management Bavaria bassiana @ 250 gm/acre can be used.

Heavy fruit production is very important in gram crops, therefore, timely nutritional management is very important for this.

For nutrition management, use 00:00:50 @ 1 kg / acre.

At present, the problem of yellowing onion and garlic is very much visible, due to which the growth and development of the crop are getting affected a lot.

There can be more than one reason for the yellowing of the crop. For example, there can be any reason for the infestation of aphids or other pests in the crop, fungal diseases, excess water, lack of nitrogen fertilizers or nutrients.

Due to which the symptoms of yellowing/drying of leaves start appearing in the crop. For this following measures can be taken –

If adequate fertilizers have not been given earlier, then urea must be given after irrigation in the crop.

If waterlogging is visible, then drain out the excess water.

If it is caused by fungus, use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Thiophanate Methyl 70% WP @ 300 gm/acre.

If it is due to insects, use Profenofos 40 % + Cypermethrin 4% EC@ 400 ml or Fipronil 40 % + Imidacloprid 40 % WG@ 80 gm/acre.

If it is because of nutritional problems, use Seaweed extract @ 400 ml or Humic acid @ 100 gm/acre.

Due to the outbreak of this disease, the leaves turn yellow and at the end of the plant wither, the whole plant falls.

Lower leaves may drop first before wilting.

On cutting off the lower stem section, bacterial ooze can be seen.

Develops ectopic roots from the stem.

To control this disease, apply bleaching powder at the rate of 6 kg per acre before sowing.

Spray Streptomycin Sulfate I.P. 90% w/w + Tetracycline Hydrochloride I.P. 10% w/w 20 gm /acre or Copper Oxychloride 50% @ 500 gm /acre.

Follow crop rotation with cruciferous vegetables, marigold and paddy.

Black scarf disease in potato plants is caused by a fungus called Rhizoctonia solani. This disease can appear at any stage in potato plants.

This disease occurs due to sudden changes in weather, due to high temperature and humidity, this disease progresses very fast.

Due to this disease, black raised spots appear on the plants.

Potato tubers also show signs of this disease, making such tubers inedible.

For prevention of this disease use Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP @ 300 gm or Chlorothalonil 75% WP@ 300 gm or Tebuconazole 25.9% EC@ 200 ml/acre.

For seed treatment use Thiophanate Methyl 45% + Pyraclostrobin 5% FS at 2 ml per kg seeds before sowing.

As biological treatment use Pseudomonas Fluorescens @ 250 gm/acre.