Tip of the day – Page 203

Post-harvest management in wheat

Yellow and dry straw is visual indicator.
Shredding, breaking of spikes are overripe.
Most suitable stage is grain moisture of 13-14 %.
Manually harvested by reapers is dried for 3-4 days on threshing floor and threshed.
Always store the seed in new bags in godowns and should be fumigated to keep the attack of stored grain pests.
Grains with less than 10 to 11 % moisture store well.

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Sawdust is the important crop material to use in compost, mulches, growers of small fruit, nursery preparation and soil conditioner.
Wheat straw is a suitable material for mushroom production.
Wheat straw (Bhusa) in the manger either goes to the manure pit to make farmyard manure or it is mixed it with dung to make dung cakes.
For drying and curing, space heating & heating chicken brooders in the Agriculture industry.
Wheat straw is also used in animal feeding.

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The crop is harvested when the grains become hard and the straw becomes yellow dry and brittle.
In recent years in some states harvesting and threshing is done by combine harvester at a large scale.
Cereals are harvested at about 15 percent of the moisture in the grain.
Wheat should be yellow at the time of wheat harvest.
Wheat harvesting, wheat harvesting is done at 110-130 days after sowing.

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Drying harvested crop for five to six days.
After drying, the harvested crop is threshing by thresher.
Before storing, the harvested grains should be well dried.
To avoid the attack of pulse beetle during the storage of gram, dip the bag in 10% Malathion solution.

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With about 13 to 15 percent humidity, the harvesting of the crop decreases with fewer grains.
There is a big impact on the presence of chickpeas, e.g. colour.
Visual appearance is often important for its market value.
The harvest should be stored only by cleaning.
Regular monitoring of pulses in storage hygiene, wastewater cooling and storage is very important.
Take special care of moisture in the grain during storage.
The quantity of low moisture can be broken during the harvest and handling.
If the environment is not favorable, the breaking of grain is increasing so decrease the quality and life of the storage of seed and germination of seed.
Grain should be healthy so that the market will get good value in the crop market.

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04/03/2019

Before storage, the grains should be properly dried.
The storehouses should be well ventilated and “pucca” cement concrete or brick made storehouses are recommended.
Maintenance of adequate free space (2-2 ft.) between stacks.
Stacks should be well separated from the wall and ceiling.
Time to time aeration of the storehouse reduces the moisture content and prevents the lesser grain borer growth.
Damp and wet bags should not be used for storing grains.
Grains should be frequently inspected at least once a month during dry season and once a fortnight during rainy season.
The damp and moist grains should be disposed off at earliest or should be removed from the store house to be dried in the sun.
Malathion spray @ 100 mg/square meter is a better choice.
Treating infested grain with dichlorvos @ 0.5 gm/square meter
Mix 10 gram of deltamethrin per liter of water spray in storage house.
Pesticides are poisons so it is essential to follow all safety precaution on labels.

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For Kharif season, use seed rate of 8-9 kg/acre whereas for summer season used seed rate of 12-15 kg/acre.

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The crop is harvested when the grains become hard and the straw becomes yellow dry and brittle.
Cereals are harvested at about 15 percent of the moisture in the grain.
Wheat should be yellow at the time of wheat harvest.
Wheat harvesting is done at 110-130 days after sowing.

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For cultivation of moong, the climate should be warm and humid and the temperature of 25-35 ℃.
Green gram is best suited to areas having an annual rainfall of 60 to 75 cm.
The temperature at the time of sowing of moong is considered to be 25-30 ℃.
The temperature at the time of harvesting should be 30-35 ℃.
Green gram is considered to be hardiest among all pulse crops and can tolerate drought to a great extent.
However, water logging and cloudy weather are harmful to the crop.
It is grown in all the three seasons in the country.

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Clean cultivation and crop rotation minimize disease incidence.
Treat the seed with Carbendazim 50% WP @ 2.5 gm/kg.
Spray Mancozeb 75% WP @ 400 gm/acre or chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 300 gm/acre at 10 days intervals.

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