Anthracnose disease in Cucumber

11/11/2019Posted on
  • Different types of symptoms are observed on leaves, petioles, stem, and fruits.
  • On young fruits, numerous water-soaked depressed oval spots appear, which coalesce covering large areas.  
  • Under humid conditions, pink masses of spores can be seen in the center of these spots.  
  • Pink gummy exudation may also be seen on lesions due to the exudation of spores.
  • Vines have brownish specks that grow into angular to circular spots.  
  • The girdling of the affected portion leads to blight symptoms.

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Symptoms and control of Fusarium wilt in Okra

08/11/2019Posted on
  • Initially, the plants show temporary wilting symptoms which become permanent and progressive.
  • The leaves of the affected plants show yellowing.
  • Eventually, the plants die.
  • The fungus invades the root system and colonizes the vascular symptoms.
  • In doing so, water movement is blocked and toxins from the fungus alter normal cell function.
  • Cutting the base of the stem revel a dark woody portion.

Management

  • Continuous cultivation of okra on the same piece of land should be avoided.
  • Seed treatment with Carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% @ 2-3 g/kg of seed OR  Thiophanate Methyl 45% + Pyraclostrobin 5% FS @ 2 g/kg of seed.
  • spray and drenching with Thiophanate methyl 70% WP @ 400 g/acre.
  • Azoxystrobin 18.2% + Difenoconazole 11.4% SC @ 200 ml/acre.
  • RFor bio management, apply Trichoderma viridae for soil application and foliar spray. It controls all types of fungal infections in the crop.

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Control of Fruit Rot in Brinjal

07/11/2019Posted on
  • Remove and destroy of the affected fruits.
  • spraying the crop with Mancozeb 75% WP @ 400 Gm/Acre or Zineb 75% WP@ 400 Gm/acre or Captan 70% + Hexaconazole 5% WP at an interval of 10 days.

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Fruit Rot in Brinjal

07/11/2019Posted on

Symptoms

  • Phytophthora rot occurs when fruits are in contact with the soil or mycelia grows through the peduncle into the fruit.
  • infected fruit tissue is water-soaked and dark-green at first; later white mycelium and sporangia develop on the surface of the affected area and, within several days, consume the entire fruit.
  • Fruit affected by these fungi dry rapidly and shrivel but do not drop.

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Control of Eriophyid mite in Garlic and Onion

06/11/2019Posted on
  • Both adults and immatures feed on the young leaves and between the layers in cloves of Garlic and Onion. Leaves do not open completely.
  • The whole plant shows stunting, twisting, curling, and yellow mottling. Mottling is seen mostly on the edges of the leaves.
  • Acaricides like Sulphur 80% WP@ 3 Gm per liter of water gives effective control of mites.
  • Twice spraying of Propargite 57% EC @ 400 ml/Acre in 7 days interval helps in controlling the pest in the initial stage.

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Powdery Mildew of Pea

06/11/2019Posted on

Symptoms-

  • Firstly on old leaves and then other parts.
  • Formation of powder on both surfaces of leaves.
  • The later formation of powdery spots on tendrils, pods, etc. White power on the plant surface. The fruits do not either set or remain very small.
  • Later stage, powdery growth also covers the pod making them not suitable for marketing.

Management-

  • Avoid late sowing.
  • Use resistant varieties like- Arka Ajit, PSM-5, Jawahar Pea- 4 JP-83, JRS-14,
  • Foliar spray of wettable sulfur 50% WP @ 3 gm/liter of water or Dinocap 48% EC 2 ml/liter of water three times at 10 days interval.

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Seed Treatment of Chickpea (Gram)

05/11/2019Posted on
  • Gram should be treated with carboxin 37.5% + Thiram 37.5% or Carbendazim 12% + Mancozeb 63% at the rate of 2 gm per kg seed before sowing avoids fungal diseases like root rot, Collar rot and damping off.

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Importance of Microbes in Soil (ZnSB )

04/11/2019Posted on
  • India’s agricultural land has a deficit of zinc is 50%.
  • Zinc is an essential micronutrient for plant growth. But it remains unavailable in the soil which plants cannot use easily.
  • This bacterium provides an available form of zinc and as well as control of many diseases in crop, increased crop yield and quality of yield, improve soil health and increases the activity of hormones and also increases the activity of photosynthesis.
  • Zinc-soluble bacteria produce organic acids in the soil and convert insoluble zinc (zinc sulfide, zinc oxide, and zinc carbonate) into Zn+  (Available form of Zinc) form and maintain soil pH.
  •  zinc soluble bacteria @ 2 kg/acre mix with 50 kg of well-decomposed FYM and broadcast in the field.

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Stem and bulb nematode in Onion and Garlic

04/11/2019Posted on

Stem and bulb nematode in Onion and Garlic:- Nematode enters through stoma or plant wounds and create galls or malformations in plant growth. This allows for the entrance of secondary pathogens like fungi and bacteria.  Symptoms are stunted growth, discoloration of bulbs, and swollen stems.

Management:-

  • Bulbs that show signs of disease should not be planted.
  • Proper sanitation of fields and tools is essential because this nematode can survive and reproduce in infected plants and residues.
  • Apply Carbofuron 3% Granular @ 10 kg/ acre in the soil for better control of Nematodes.
  • Apply Neem Cake @ 200 Kg/ Acre in the soil for organic control of Nematodes.

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Weed control in Garlic

02/11/2019Posted on
Weed control in Garlic:-
  • Application of Pendimethalin 38.7% CS @ 100ml/15 litre of water or Oxyfluorfen 23.5 EC @ 15ml/15 litre of water or Oxadiargyl 80% WP @ 12 gm/ 15 litre of water at 3 days after planting are recommended for effective weed control in Garlic along with one weeding by hand at 25-30 days after planting and second hand weeding 40-45 Days After Planting in crop.
  • The use of rice straw mulch or wheat straw mulch is recommended to enhance the yield also.
  • The combined application of Oxyfluorfen 23.5 % EC @ 1ml/l + quizalofop ethyl 5 % EC @ 2 ml/L at 20-25 days after planting and having at 30-35 days after planting good control of weed and higher bulb yield.

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