Management of Rust disease in Wheat

20/01/2020Posted on
    • Leaf rust is caused by the fungus.
    • The first signs of the disease (sporulation) occur 10-14 days after infection
    • Leaf rust produces reddish-orange coloured spores which occur in small, 1.5 mm, circular to oval-shaped pustules.
    • These are found on the top surface of the leaves, distinguishing leaf rust from stem rust which is found on both surfaces of the leaf.
    • The spores require 15 to 20ºC temperature and free moisture (dew/rain/irrigation) on the leaves to successfully infect wheat.

 

Management-

  • Crop rotation is very important.
  • Growing resistant varieties is an economical and environmentally friendly way of disease reduction.
  • During the growing season, active crop monitoring is very important for an early detection of diseases.
  • Avoid repeated use of fungicides with the same active ingredient.
  • Spray Kasugamycin 5% + Copper Oxychloride 45% WP 320 gm/acre or Propiconazole 25% EC 240 ml/acre.

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Identification of wheat rust

20/01/2020Posted on
  • Leaf rust is caused by the fungus.
  • The first signs of the disease (sporulation) occur 10-14 days after infection
  • Leaf rust produces reddish-orange colored spores that occur in small, 1.5 mm, circular to oval-shaped pustules.
  • These are found on the top surface of the leaves, distinguishing leaf rust from stem rust which is found on both surfaces of the leaf.
  • The spores require 15 to 20ºC temperature and free moisture (dew/rain/irrigation) on the leaves to successfully infect wheat.
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Application of Manure and fertilizers in Garlic

18/01/2020Posted on

Garlic can be grown in almost all types of soil, however sandy, slit and clay loamy soil are best for cultivation, however it can also be grown in clayey soil. In heavy clay soil garlic should be planted in raised beds. Soil should be well drained and should be capable of holding water during the growth phase. Ideal pH should be 6 – 7.5 with high nitrogenous fertilizers @ 40 kg/.acre for early vegetative, phosphorus @ 20 kg/acre for better root development, potassium @ 20 kg/acre for critical leaf development and bulb formation. Pungency in garlic is because of good sulfur content.  Sulfur should be given @ 20 kg/acre after plants  have come out and leaf development has started for better pungency. Also mix the FYM at the @ 4-6 tonnes /acre at the time of preparation of the soil.

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Nutrient management of Tomato

04/01/2020Posted on
  • Tomato needs a heavy dose of fertilizers for a good yield.
  • Farmyard manure @ 8-10 tonnes/Acre may be incorporated into the soil one month before transplanting.
  • DAP 50 kg/Acre, Urea 80 kg/Acre and MOP 33 kg/Acre.
  • Full amount of DAP, MOP and half of Urea are to be added just before transplanting.
  • Rest of the Urea is to be given as a second dose at 20-25 days after transplanting, and third dose is given at 45-60 days after transplanting.
  • Zinc sulphate application (Znso4@10 kg/Acre) and Boron 4 Kg/Acre increases yield as well as improves the quality of fruit.

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Irrigation Schedule in Maize

03/01/2020Posted on
  • Maize cultivated during the monsoon, winter and spring season.
  • Spring and winter season is almost fully irrigated.
  • For winter and spring maize first irritation should be applied at 3-4 weeks after germination.
  • Subsequent irrigation at 4-5 week interval up to mid-March.
  • Therefore at 1-2 weeks interval depending on rainfall and temperature.
  • For different water availability scenario, the irrigation scheduling can be as follow-
  • If five irrigations available apply at 1.) Six leaf stage, 2.) Late knee-high stage, 3.) Tasseling stage, 4.) 50% silking stage and 6.) Dough stage.
  • If three irrigations available apply at 1.) Early knee-high stage, 2.) Tessling stage and 3.) 50% silking stage.

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Control of Root Aphid in Wheat

03/01/2020Posted on
  • This insect is active from November to February.
  • Damage is more in rainfed and late sown crop.
  • Yellowing of young plants is observed due to root aphids. In this case minute yellowish brown aphids may be present near the base or on the roots of the plant.
  • Aphids also vector a viral disease named barley yellow dwarf virus (BYD). Yield of infected wheat plants can be reduced by 50%.

Control-

  • Avoid late sowing.
  • Avoid use excess nitrogen fertilizers.
  • If the infestation in standing crop, Spray imidacloprid 17.8% SL @ 60-70 ml/acre.
  • Or apply thiamethoxam 25% WG @ 100 gm/acre in soil with fertilizer/Sand/soil before irrigation.

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Picking process in Okra

02/01/2020Posted on
  • Harvesting the fruits when they attained maximum size but still tender.
  • Fruits of 6-8 cm long are preferred for export purpose.
  • Harvesting is done in alternate days with a knife or by bending pedicel with a jerk.
  • For harvesting, cotton cloth hand gloves should be used to protect fingers from stinging effect.
  • It is Advisable to harvest in morning hours since fruit hairs are soft.
  • Sprinkling water on pods during night will keep them cool and fresh for market.

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How to control Armyworm/ Cutworm in Wheat

31/12/2019Posted on
    • The primary symptom is defoliation of the plant.
    • Larvae feed on the leaves, chewing from the edges to the midrib, or on the head of cereal plants.
    • Heavy infestations can be very destructive; larvae may climb the plant. Some species may be found feeding at the soil surface, others, underground feeding on roots, and then there are some who feed inside the stem.
    • The armyworm feeds during dawn and dusk period as it is actually shy of sunlight.


    Management –

    • Look for larvae and signs of damage beginning in early spring. Caterpillars will often be found feeding on the undersides of leaves and on fresh growth. Handpick the worms you discover and don’t be tempted to crush them between your thumbs. Instead, drop them in a bucket of soapy water. 
    • Use 4-5 bird perches to attract birds.
    • Spray Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG @ 100 Gm per acre.
    • Spray fipronil 5% SC @ 400 ml per acre.

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Management of Early Blight in Potato

31/12/2019Posted on

Management of early blight in Potato:-

  • Diseased plant parts should be destroyed properly, Avoid irrigation in cool cloudy weather and time irrigation to allow plants time to dry before nightfall.
  • Maintain good soil fertility and crop vigor, Harvest when skin is mature to avoid bruising and in turn infection of tubers.
  • Spray 2 gm Mancozeb 75 WP + 10 gm urea per litre of water at 15 days interval when symptoms start or Carbendazim 12%+ Mancozeb 63% WP @ 50 Gm/15 litre water or Copper oxychloride 50% WP@ 50 Gm/ 15 litre water.

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Management of Root Knot Nematodes in Tomato

28/12/2019Posted on

Root Knot Nematode in Tomato:-

Damage:-

  • The nematode attacks the roots and produces tiny galls.
  • The infested plants show symptoms of withering and wilting of leaves.
  • The block the movement of nutrients and water in the plant system and subjected to wilt and finally leads to death.
  • Growth of the plant is stunted fruiting capacity adversely affected.
  • Yellow of the foliage and wilting of the upper leaves occurs.

Control:-

  • Use resistant varieties.
  • Do use deep summer ploughing to control root-knot nematode.
  • Neem cake at the rate 80 Kg/Acre should be applied for effective control.
  • Carbofuran 3G at the rate 8 kg/acre should be applied as soil treatment.
  • Paecilomyces lilacinus-1% WP @ 10 g / kg seed for seed treatment, 50 gm / meter sq Nursery Treatment, 2.5 to 5 kg/ Hectare Soil application.

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