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- The red spider mites are 1 mm. long and can be difficult to see by necked eyes.
- Spider mites live in colonies on the undersurface of leaves.
- Larvae, nymphs and adults of mites lacerate leaves from under surface.
- They suck the cell sap resulting in the production of white patches between Vines and leaves.
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- Bitter gourd grows very fast and vines elongate rapidly within two weeks after planting.
- Staking and trellising will increase fruit yield, size, reduce fruit’s rotting.
- This makes the process of harvesting and spraying of pesticides easier.
- The trellis should be 1.2-1.8 meter high constructed from stacks 1.2 -1.8 meter apart.
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- Pinches are made to prevent overgrowth of watermelon from the plant.
- When there is enough fruit on the oxen of watermelon, then there should be a solution to pinch, which can prevent the bull from failing.
- Pinching and cutting unwanted wounds results in good nutrition for the fruit and the development of the fruits is good.
- If there are too many fruits on a vine, then remove the small and weak fruits so that the normal fruit gets better.
- By removing unnecessary branches, watermelon gets complete nutrition and it grows very fast.
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- Destroy the remains of the old crop.
- if the insect appears in the early stage of the crop, destroy them by hands.
- Spray Cypermethrin 25% EC 150 ml/acre + Dimethoate 30% EC 300 ml /acre or
- Carbaryl 50% WP 400 gm/acre at fortnight intervals starting from 25 days after sowing to control the pest.
- Spraying with Dichlorvos (DDVP) 76% EC @ 250-350 ml/acre gives satisfactory control of the pest.
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- The grubs feed on the roots and underground portion of host plants and fruits touching the soil.
- After damaging of roots, a portion of stems start rotting due to secondary infection by saprophytic fungi, and the unripe fruits of such vines dry up.
- Infested fruits become unfit for human consumption.
- Adult beetles feed voraciously on leaf lamina making irregular holes.
- They prefer young seedlings and tender leaves and the damage may even kill the seedlings.
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- We can promote flowering and take high yield through the given below products.
- Spray Homobrassinolide 0.04% W/w 100-120 ml/acre.
- Apply seaweed extract 180-200 ml/acre.
- Use multi-Micro nutrients 300 Gm/acre.
- The effect of this spraying remains on the plant for 80 days.
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- Choose healthy seeds.
- Inspect transplantation and uproot the infected plants and leave the farm out of the field.
- spray chlorothalonil 75% WP @ 350gm / acre or
- spray tebuconazole 25.9% EC @ 200 ml / acre solution.
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- In this disease, infection is visible on almost every part of the plant except the roots.
- A Yellowness/greenness occurs at the edges of the leaves, while spots start occurring on their surfaces.
- The wound is formed on the stem of the plant which is infected by this disease. Then a black-coloured gummy substance starts releasing from this wound.
- On the string, brown spots become black spots which later go to the wound.
- In bottle gourd seeds have medium-brown, dark spots.
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- Destroy infected plants and plant debris.
- Use of disease-free seed.
- Seed treatment with carbendazim @ 2 gm/kg seeds before sowing.
- Use Propiconazole 25% EC @ 80-100 ml/acre when the disease appears on the muskmelon plant.
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- Diseases are more common in sandy soil.
- The plant shows a distinctive dark brown necrotic rot of the crown and upper portion of the taproot.
- This decay extends around the stem and girdles the plant.
- The affected area turns soft and mushy
- affected plants show wilting symptoms
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