Gram Salah – Page 649

Proper ways of irrigation to increase the productivity of Bitter Gourd crop

Bitter gourd cannot tolerate drought or water stagnation.
Water the crop immediately after sowing or planting on the third day and then once a week depends upon the soil moisture.
Maintain good soil moisture in the upper 50 cm. of soil where the majority of roots are located.

The major symptoms of downy mildew in pumpkin crop are as follows-

Water-soaked lesions are formed on the lower surface of the leaves.
Lesions appear first on the older leaves and then progress on the younger leaves.
As the lesions expand, they may remain yellow or become dry and brown.
Affected vines do not bear fruit properly.

The moisture should not be more than 10-12% in the grain for safe storage.
After placing the grain in the buffer, the closet or in the room, two tablets of 3 grams of aluminium phosphide should be kept among each tonne of wheat.

SN	Crop Name	Important variety (company’s name)
1.	Bitter gourd	Nagesh (Hyveg), Amanshri, US1315 (Nunhems), Akash (VNR)
2.	Ridge gourd	Aarti
3.	Pumpkin	Kohinoor (pahuja), VNR 11 (VNR)
4.	Okara	Radhika, Vinas Plus (Golden), Singham (Nunhems), Shatabdi (Rashi)
5.	coriander	surbhi (Namdhari), LS 800 (pahuja )

Uproot the infected plants.
Cultivate of resistant/tolerant varieties like Pusa Jwala, Pant C-1, Pusa- Sadabahar, Panjab lal etc.
Spray Acetamiprid 20% SP at the rate of 130gram/acre at regular intervals to reduce the vectors, or
You can also Spray Fipronil 40% + Imidachloprid 40% WG @ 40 gram/acre.

The main symptom of this disease is the appearance of dark green and yellow spots on the leaves.
Another symptom includes the appearance of Light pits and blisters
Yellowing and distortion of younger leaves, followed by conspicuous mosaic.
Severe mottling with light and dark green patches get Scattered all over the leaf surface.
Slight curling, marginal rolling and shortening of leaves are other common symptoms of mosaic virus.
This disease spreads through whitefly.

choose healthy seeds for showing.
The seeds should be treated with recommended fungicide before sowing.
The continuous raising of the nursery in the same plot should be avoided.
The topsoil of the nursery should be treated with Carbendazim @ 5 gm/square m. area of the soil and the nursery should be drenched with Carbendazim @ 2gm/litre of water fortnightly.
Soil solarization by spreading 250 gauge polythene sheet over the bed for 30 days before sowing in summer season should be done.
Application of bio-control agent Trichoderma viride in soil @ 500 gram/acre is also found effective to control damping-off to a considerable extent.

one should apply About 8-10 t/acre of FYM at the time of field preparation.
30 kg Urea, 70kg single super phosphate and 35 kg muriate of potash per acre is applied at the time of last ploughing.
Another 30 kg urea should be top dressed in two split doses, one at 8-10 leaf stage and second at the flowering stage.